ABSTRACT
We assessed the effect of community participation on treatment outcomes for tuberculosis patients undergoing directly-observed therapy, short course (DOTS). From February to December 2001 172 newly diagnosed patients in Baghdad were allocated into 2 treatment groups. The intervention group were visited daily at home for the 2-month initial phase by trained members of the Iraqi Women's Federation while the control group attended the local health centre for treatment. Cure rates for patients treated at home were significantly better than controls (83.7% versus 68.6%), so too was compliance (100.0% versus 14.0%). Smear conversion rates were significantly better in intervention cases compared with controls at all stages. Default rates were similar in both groups (11.6% versus 10.5%), as was mortality (1 patient each).
Subject(s)
Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use , Community Health Centers/organization & administration , Directly Observed Therapy , Home Care Services/organization & administration , Organizations/organization & administration , Patient Compliance , Tuberculosis/psychology , Adult , Community Participation , Directly Observed Therapy/methods , Directly Observed Therapy/psychology , Directly Observed Therapy/statistics & numerical data , Female , Humans , Iraq/epidemiology , Male , Patient Compliance/psychology , Patient Compliance/statistics & numerical data , Program Evaluation , Social Support , Sputum/microbiology , Treatment Outcome , Tuberculosis/diagnosis , Tuberculosis/drug therapy , Tuberculosis/mortality , Urban Health Services/organization & administration , Volunteers/organization & administrationABSTRACT
We assessed the effect of community participation on treatment outcomes for tuberculosis patients undergoing directly-observed therapy, short course [DOTS]. From February to December 2001 172 newly diagnosed patients in Baghdad were allocated into 2 treatment groups. The intervention group were visited daily at home for the 2-month initial phase by trained members of the Iraqi Women's Federation while the control group attended the local health centre for treatment. Cure rates for patients treated at home were significantly better than controls [83.7% versus 68.6%], so too was compliance [100.0% versus 14.0%]. Smear conversion rates were significantly better in intervention cases compared with controls at all stages. Default rates were similar in both groups [11.6% versus 10.5%], as was mortality [1 patient each]
Subject(s)
Community Health Centers , Community Participation , Directly Observed Therapy , Home Care Services , Organizations , Patient Compliance , Treatment Outcome , Tuberculosis , Urban Health Services , Volunteers , Antitubercular AgentsABSTRACT
Sera from 3491 pregnant women were screened for the presence of HCV antibodies (anti-HCV). HCV genotyping was also performed on the sera of 94 women. The overall anti-HCV seroprevalence was 3.21%. Anti-HCV seroprevalence was significantly positively correlated with the number of miscarriages. Miscarriage was a significant risk factor for the acquisition of HCV infection from the first miscarriage up to the fifth, the risk increasing with increasing number of miscarriages. A higher proportion of women with a history of miscarriage harboured HCV-1b compared to those with no miscarriage.
Subject(s)
Abortion, Spontaneous/complications , Hepatitis C/etiology , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/etiology , DNA, Viral/analysis , DNA, Viral/genetics , Female , Genotype , Hepacivirus/genetics , Hepacivirus/immunology , Hepatitis C/blood , Hepatitis C/epidemiology , Hepatitis C/transmission , Hepatitis C Antibodies/blood , Humans , Iraq/epidemiology , Logistic Models , Mass Screening , Population Surveillance , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/blood , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/epidemiology , RNA, Viral/analysis , RNA, Viral/genetics , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Risk Factors , Seroepidemiologic StudiesABSTRACT
Sera from 3491 pregnant women were screened for the presence of HCV antibodies [anti-HCV]. HCV genotyping was also performed on the sera of 94 women. The overall anti-HCV seroprevalence was 3.21%. Anti-HCV seroprevalence was significantly positively correlated with the number of miscarriages. Miscarriage was a significant risk factor for the acquisition of HCV infection from the first miscarriage up to the fifth, the risk increasing with increasing number of miscarriages. A higher proportion of women with a history of miscarriage harboured HCV-1b compared to those with no miscarriage
