ABSTRACT
Extended or generalized similarity is a ubiquitous but not well understood feature of turbulence that is realized over a finite range of scales. The ULYSSES spacecraft solar polar passes at solar minimum provide in situ observations of evolving anisotropic magnetohydrodynamic turbulence in the solar wind under ideal conditions of fast quiet flow. We find a single generalized scaling function characterizes this finite range turbulence and is insensitive to plasma conditions. The recent unusually inactive solar minimum--with turbulent fluctuations down by a factor of approximately 2 in power--provides a test of this invariance.
ABSTRACT
We quantify the scaling of magnetic energy density in the inertial range of solar-wind turbulence seen in situ at 1 AU with respect to solar activity. At solar maximum, when the coronal magnetic field is dynamic and topologically complex, we find self-similar scaling in the solar wind, whereas at solar minimum, when the coronal fields are more ordered, we find multifractality. This quantifies the solar-wind signature that is of direct coronal origin and distinguishes it from that of local MHD turbulence, with quantitative implications for coronal heating of the solar wind.
ABSTRACT
A group of amnesic Korsakoff subjects and a group of alcoholic controls were trained on a test of visual recognition, delayed matching-to-sample with trial unique stimuli. This test was modelled on comparable tasks used in the development of animal models of human amnesia. It was found that the Korsakoff subjects were severely impaired when the task difficulty was increased by lengthening the retention delay beyond 10 sec or by increasing the number of items intervening between sample presentation and test. The amnesic subjects were also impaired on the acquisition of a set of concurrent visual discriminations. These results bear clear similarities to those obtained from experimental amnesic syndromes in monkeys.
