ABSTRACT
IntroducciónLa utilización de restricciones físicas en las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI) es habitual, aunque se conoce poco sobre la percepción que tienen los pacientes y familiares.Objetivos1) Analizar la prevalencia y el uso de las restricciones físicas en una UCI polivalente. 2) Conocer la percepción de los pacientes que han estado con un sistema de restricción física y 3) Conocer la percepción de los familiares de los pacientes que han estado con restricción física.MétodoInvestigación descriptiva, que ha utilizado métodos cuantitativo y cualitativo, realizada en una UCI polivalente. Para responder al primer objetivo se analizaron todos los pacientes, 101, que durante el periodo de estudio estuvieron con restricción física. Para el segundo y tercer objetivos, se entrevistaron 30 pacientes y 30 familiares utilizando la guía de Strumpf&Evans, modificada por Hardin (1993). Las entrevistas fueron grabadas y transcritas íntegramente, realizándose un análisis de contenido del lenguaje utilizando el método de Hsieh&Shannon.ResultadosLa única restricción utilizada fue la muñequera, prevalencia 43,47%. El 72% de los pacientes la llevó ≤12h y el 28%>12h. Del análisis de las entrevistas de los pacientes emergen cuatro temas: aceptación de la restricción física condicionada por las creencias y la información recibida; sentimientos y sensaciones generadas por la restricción física; alternativas propuestas; repercusión en el futuro. Y de las de los familiares, tres: impresiones producidas por las restricciones; motivos de aceptación o rechazo; alternativas a las restricciones.ConclusionesLa mayoría de los pacientes estuvieron con restricción física durante un breve periodo de tiempo, utilizándose un único sistema. Los pacientes con restricción física y sus familiares manifestaron diversidad de sentimientos y sensaciones, sin repercusión negativa en el futuro. En general expresaron su acuerdo, si bien una información más precisa mejoraría su aceptación (AU)
IntroductionThe use of physical restraints in Intensive Care Units (ICU) is common although little is known about patients and relatives perceptions of this use.Objectives1) To analyze the prevalence and use of physical restraints in a general adult ICU; 2) to know the perceptions of patients who experienced use of physical restraints and; 3) to know the perceptions of relatives of patients who used physical restraints.MethodsThis descriptive study, which used both quantitative and qualitative methods, was carried out in an adult ICU. For the first objective, all the patients (101) who had used any kind of physical restraint were analysed. For the second and third objectives, 30 patients and 30 relatives were interviewed using the guidelines of Strumpf & Evans as modified by Hardin (1993). All interviews were recorded, fully transcribed and then submitted to a language content analysis using the method of Hsieh & Shannon.ResultsThe only physical restraint used was the wrist restraint with a prevalence of 43.47%. Seventy-two percent of patients wore the restraint ≤12h and 28%>12h. Analysis of the patient interviews revealed 4 main themes: acceptance of the restraint conditioned by beliefs and information provided; feelings and sensations caused by the use of the restraint; alternatives proposed and future repercussions. Three themes emerged from the interviews with relatives: impressions caused by the use of the restrictions; reasons for accepting or rejecting them; alternatives to the use of restraints.ConclusionsMost patients used physical restraints for a short period of time and only the wrist restraint was used. Patients using physical restraints and their relatives expressed a wide range of feelings and sensations, with no negative future repercussions. In general, they agreed with the use of restraints although more precise information would lead to greater acceptance (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Intensive Care Units/organization & administration , Immobilization , Restraint, Physical , Critical Care/trends , Immobilization/psychology , Patient Satisfaction/statistics & numerical data , Patient RightsABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The use of physical restraints in Intensive Care Units (ICU) is common although little is known about patients' and relatives' perceptions of this use. OBJECTIVES: 1) To analyze the prevalence and use of physical restraints in a general adult ICU; 2) to know the perceptions of patients who experienced use of physical restraints and; 3) to know the perceptions of relatives of patients who used physical restraints. METHODS: This descriptive study, which used both quantitative and qualitative methods, was carried out in an adult ICU. For the first objective, all the patients (101) who had used any kind of physical restraint were analysed. For the second and third objectives, 30 patients and 30 relatives were interviewed using the guidelines of Strumpf & Evans as modified by Hardin (1993). All interviews were recorded, fully transcribed and then submitted to a language content analysis using the method of Hsieh & Shannon. RESULTS: The only physical restraint used was the wrist restraint with a prevalence of 43.47%. Seventy-two percent of patients wore the restraint ≤12h and 28%>12h. Analysis of the patient interviews revealed 4 main themes: acceptance of the restraint conditioned by beliefs and information provided; feelings and sensations caused by the use of the restraint; alternatives proposed and future repercussions. Three themes emerged from the interviews with relatives: impressions caused by the use of the restrictions; reasons for accepting or rejecting them; alternatives to the use of restraints. CONCLUSIONS: Most patients used physical restraints for a short period of time and only the wrist restraint was used. Patients using physical restraints and their relatives expressed a wide range of feelings and sensations, with no negative future repercussions. In general, they agreed with the use of restraints although more precise information would lead to greater acceptance.
