ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to characterize the cytokine secretion patterns of human T helper cells from healthy donors reactive with somatic antigens from various bacteria, the nematode Anisakis and tetanus toxoid. From the peripheral blood of four healthy donors we have established 70 T cell lines reactive with antigens from Yersinia, Salmonella, Morganella, Klebsiella, Serratia, Escherichia, Chlamydia, Shigella, Streptococcus, tetanus toxoid and Anisakis, respectively. Our results show that all T cells reactive with bacteria produce interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), but no interleukin (IL)-4 and no or very little IL-2 and IL-10 and, thus, belong to the Th1 subset, while T cells reactive with tetanus toxoid or Anisakis belong to the Th0 subset with production of IFN-gamma, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10 and TNF-alpha. In summary, our data further substantiate the concept of a functional diversity of human T helper cells with respect to their cytokine profiles. Furthermore, they indicate that a Th1 cytokine profile is not restricted to intracellular bacteria.
Subject(s)
Antigens, Bacterial/immunology , Th1 Cells/immunology , Animals , Anisakis/immunology , Antigens, Helminth/immunology , Cell Line , Cells, Cultured , Cytokines/biosynthesis , Humans , Tetanus Toxoid/immunologyABSTRACT
The results of two different method of conservative treatment of vertebral fractures are compared in Groups of each 60 patients. Group one was been treated by the early functional method, which is described, whereas group two was treated according to Magnus. The results of the first group were without prejudice to the results of the second group. As a marked advantage, however, the overall period of hospitalisation was reduced by about 3 weeks in the first group.
