ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Clinical trials investigating drugs for the acute treatment of hereditary angioedema attacks have assessed many different outcomes. This heterogeneity limits the comparability of trial results and may lead to selective outcome reporting bias and a high burden on trial participants. OBJECTIVE: To achieve consensus on a core outcome set composed of key outcomes that ideally should be used in all clinical efficacy trials involving the acute treatment of hereditary angioedema attacks. METHODS: We conducted a Delphi consensus study involving all relevant parties: patients with hereditary angioedema, hereditary angioedema expert clinicians and clinical researchers, pharmaceutical companies, and regulatory bodies. Two Internet-based survey rounds were conducted. In round 1, panelists indicated the importance of individual outcomes used in clinical trials on a 9-point Likert scale. Based on these results, a core outcome set was developed and voted on by panelists in round 2. RESULTS: A total of 58 worldwide panelists completed both rounds. The first round demonstrated high importance scores and substantial agreement among the panelists. In the second round, a consensus of 90% or greater was achieved on a core outcome set consisting of five key outcomes: change in overall symptom severity at one predetermined time point between 15 minutes and 4 hours after treatment, time to end of progression of all symptoms, the need for rescue medication during the entire attack, impairment of daily activities, and treatment satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS: This international study obtained a high level of consensus on a core outcome set for the acute treatment of hereditary angioedema attacks, consisting of five key outcomes.
Subject(s)
Angioedemas, Hereditary , Humans , Angioedemas, Hereditary/drug therapy , Treatment Outcome , Delphi Technique , Surveys and Questionnaires , Clinical Trials as Topic , Consensus , Female , Outcome Assessment, Health CareABSTRACT
Hereditary Angioedema (HAE) is a rare and disabling disease for which early diagnosis and effective therapy are critical. This revision and update of the global WAO/EAACI guideline on the diagnosis and management of HAE provides up-to-date guidance for the management of HAE. For this update and revision of the guideline, an international panel of experts reviewed the existing evidence, developed 28 recommendations, and established consensus by an online DELPHI process. The goal of these recommendations and guideline is to help physicians and their patients in making rational decisions in the management of HAE with deficient C1-inhibitor (type 1) and HAE with dysfunctional C1-inhibitor (type 2), by providing guidance on common and important clinical issues, such as: 1) How should HAE be diagnosed? 2) When should HAE patients receive prophylactic on top of on-demand treatment and what treatments should be used? 3) What are the goals of treatment? 4) Should HAE management be different for special HAE patient groups such as children or pregnant/breast feeding women? 5) How should HAE patients monitor their disease activity, impact, and control? It is also the intention of this guideline to help establish global standards for the management of HAE and to encourage and facilitate the use of recommended diagnostics and therapies for all patients.
ABSTRACT
Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare and disabling disease for which early diagnosis and effective therapy are critical. This revision and update of the global WAO/EAACI guideline on the diagnosis and management of HAE provides up-to-date guidance for the management of HAE. For this update and revision of the guideline, an international panel of experts reviewed the existing evidence, developed 28 recommendations, and established consensus by an online DELPHI process. The goal of these recommendations and guideline is to help physicians and their patients in making rational decisions in the management of HAE with deficient C1 inhibitor (type 1) and HAE with dysfunctional C1 inhibitor (type 2), by providing guidance on common and important clinical issues, such as: (1) How should HAE be diagnosed? (2) When should HAE patients receive prophylactic on top of on-demand treatment and what treatments should be used? (3) What are the goals of treatment? (4) Should HAE management be different for special HAE patient groups such as children or pregnant/breast-feeding women? and (5) How should HAE patients monitor their disease activity, impact, and control? It is also the intention of this guideline to help establish global standards for the management of HAE and to encourage and facilitate the use of recommended diagnostics and therapies for all patients.
Subject(s)
Angioedemas, Hereditary , Angioedemas, Hereditary/prevention & control , Angioedemas, Hereditary/therapy , Child , Complement C1 Inhibitor Protein/genetics , Complement C1 Inhibitor Protein/therapeutic use , Consensus , Female , Humans , PregnancySubject(s)
Angioedemas, Hereditary , COVID-19 , Complement C1 Inhibitor Protein , Humans , SARS-CoV-2 , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Patients with hereditary angioedema with C1 inhibitor deficiency or dysfunction have burdensome recurrent angioedema attacks. The safety, efficacy, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) outcomes of C1 inhibitor (C1-INH) prophylaxis (intravenously administered) in patients aged 6-11 years were investigated. METHODS: Eligible patients were enrolled in a randomized, single-blind, crossover, phase 3 trial. After a 12-week baseline observation period (BOP), patients received 500 or 1000 U C1-INH, twice weekly, for 12 weeks before crossing over to the alternate dose for 12 weeks. The primary efficacy end-point was the monthly normalized number of angioedema attacks (NNA). HRQoL was assessed using the EuroQoL 5-dimensional descriptive system youth version and visual analog scale (EQ-VAS). RESULTS: Twelve randomized patients had a median (range) age of 10.0 (7-11) years. Mean (SD) percentage reduction in monthly NNA from BOP was 71.1% (27.1%) with 500 U and 84.5% (20.0%) with 1000 U C1-INH. Mean (SD) within-patient difference (-0.4 [0.58]) for monthly NNA with both doses was significant (P = 0.035 [90% CI, -0.706 to -0.102]). Cumulative attack severity, cumulative daily severity, and number of acute attacks treated were reduced. No serious adverse events or discontinuations occurred. Mean EQ-VAS change from BOP to week 9 of treatment (500 U C1-INH, 10.4; 1000 U C1-INH, 21.6) was greater than the minimal important difference, indicating a meaningful HRQoL change. CONCLUSIONS: C1-INH prophylaxis was effective, safe, and well tolerated in children aged 6-11 years experiencing recurrent angioedema attacks. A post hoc analysis indicated a meaningful improvement in HRQoL with C1-INH. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02052141.
Subject(s)
Angioedemas, Hereditary/therapy , Complement C1 Inhibitor Protein/therapeutic use , Administration, Intravenous , Child , Cross-Over Studies , Disease Progression , Drug Dosage Calculations , Female , Humans , Male , Quality of Life , Single-Blind Method , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Hereditary angioedema is caused by a C1-inhibitor deficiency. It is a life-threatening disease. Its management includes treating acute attacks, short-term prophylaxis, and long-term prophylaxis. We report our experience with nadroparin for the short-term prophylaxis and treatment of angioedema attacks. We indicated treatment with nadroparin 0.3-0.6 mL SC 20 min after the onset of prodromes, then every 8-12 h for 1 day; short-term prophylaxis with 0.3-0.6 mL 1 h before a triggering event and then every 12-24 h for 1 more day. For children, treatment included 0.3 mL SC 20 min after the onset of prodromes, then every 12-24 h for 1 day; short-term prophylaxis was 0.3 mL 1 h before a triggering event and 1 more dose after 24 h. For the treatment, a complete response was considered when nadroparin totally stopped an acute attack within 2 h after injection. Partial response was considered if after 2 h analgesics and/or other therapy were required. Failure was established if after 4 h no response was obtained and fresh frozen plasma and other in-patient measures were required. For short-term prophylaxis, only complete responses and failures were considered. We included 29 adults and 5 children. Functional C1-inhibitor and C4 levels rose after nadroparin. We recorded 256 treatments (89.8% complete responses, 8.2% partial responses, and 1.9% failures), and 102 short-term prophylactic regimens (90.2% complete responses, and 9.8% failures). We found 38 mild adverse events without severe hemorrhagic episodes. If our results are reproduced subsequently, nadroparin may be an alternative for the treatment and short-term prophylaxis of angioedema attacks.
Subject(s)
Angioedemas, Hereditary/drug therapy , Nadroparin/therapeutic use , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Angioedemas, Hereditary/blood , Anticoagulants/therapeutic use , Child , Complement C1 Inhibitor Protein/metabolism , Complement C4/metabolism , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Nadroparin/adverse effects , Young AdultABSTRACT
Introducción. La púrpura fulminante (PF) es una enfermedad rara que se caracteriza por la aparición súbita de hemorragia cutánea, formación de bulas y flictenas, necrosis de la piel y tejido subcutáneo. La evolución espectacular, rápidamente progresiva y la propagación por oleadas orientan acerca de la índole grave de la enfermedad. Material y métodos. Se analizan las características clínicas y hematológicas, y la evolución de 10 pacientes con diagnóstico de PF admitidos al Servicio de Hematología del Instituto Nacional de Pediatría en el período 1979-1993. Resultados. Se observó una distribución similar de acuerdo al sexo. La edad de presentación más frecuente fue la preescolar (60 por ciento), con una frecuencia similar en la lactancia y en la edad escolar. La mayor frecuencia de la enfermedad se observó en primavera y verano. Sólo 3 pacientes presentaron alteraciones hemostáticas compatibles con coagulopatía por consumo en el momento del diagnóstico. Todos los pacientes recibieron heparina, esteroides y antibióticos y algunas otras medidas adicionales por un período promedio de 7 días, con variaciones de 5 a 14 días. La evolución fue excelente en el 60 por ciento de los pacientes que no presentaron ningún tipo de secuelas. Se practicó amputación en 4 de los pacientes. En uno de los pacientes amputados se observó colonización e infección sistémica subcecuente a Aeromonas shigelloides y Pseudomonas sp, sucumbiendo a la infección. Un diagnóstico erróneo en otras instituciones y la institución de un tratamiento anticoagulante tardío fue el responsable de las secuelas irreversibles observadas en 2 pacientes. Conclusiones. La PF es una enfermedad de la niñez de curso clínico agresivo, que hacen de ella una verdadera urgencia hematológica. La incapacidad para sospechar el diagnóstico tiene una influencia pronóstica desfavorable y contribuye a una morbimortalidad elevada
