ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To introduce a systematic classification of diaphragmatic surgery in patients with ovarian cancer based on disease spread and surgical complexity. METHODS: For all consecutive patients who underwent diaphragmatic surgery during Visceral-Peritoneal debulking (VPD) in the period 2009-2017, we extracted: initial surgical finding, extent of liver mobilization and type of procedure. Combining these features, we aimed to classify the surgical procedures necessary to tackle different presentation of diaphragmatic disease. We also report histology, intra- and post-operative specific complication rate based on the classification. RESULTS: A total of 170 patients were included in this study, 110 (64.7%) had a peritonectomy, while 60 (35.3%) had a full thickness resection with pleurectomy. We identified 3 types of surgical procedures. Type I treated 28 out of 170 patients (16.5%) who only had anterior diaphragm disease, needed no liver mobilization, included peritonectomy and had no morbidity recorded. Type II pertained to 105 out of 170 patients (61.7%) who had anterior and posterior disease, needed partial and sometimes full liver mobilization, had a mix of peritonectomy and full thickness resection, and experienced 10% specific morbidity. Type III included 37 out of 170 patients (21.7%) who needed full mobilization of the liver, always had full thickness resection, and suffered 30% specific morbidity. CONCLUSION: Diaphragmatic surgery can be classified in 3 types. The adoption of this classification can facilitate standardization of the surgery, comparison of data and define the expertise required. Finally, this classification can be a benchmark to establish the training required to treat diaphragmatic disease.
Subject(s)
Cytoreduction Surgical Procedures/classification , Ovarian Neoplasms/surgery , Cytoreduction Surgical Procedures/methods , Diaphragm/surgery , Female , Humans , Intraoperative Complications/epidemiology , Neoadjuvant Therapy , Neoplasm Staging , Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology , Peritoneum/surgery , Pleura/surgery , Postoperative Complications/epidemiologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To report the surgical technique of ovarian cancer resection at the porta hepatis (PH) and hepato-celiac lymph nodes (HCL). To assess surgical and survival outcomes. Define the accuracy of an integrated diagnostic pathway. METHODS: Patients with FIGO stage IIIC-IV ovarian cancer that underwent Visceral-Peritoneal Debulking (VPD). Data of patients with disease at the PH/HCL during VPD were extracted from our database. The CT scan findings were compared with the exploratory laparoscopy. Accuracy of CT scan, intra- and post-operative morbidity, rate of complete resection (CR), disease free and overall survival are reported. RESULTS: Thirty one patients out of 216 (14.3%) had tumor at the PH and/or HCL. In 8 patients out of 31 (25.8%) it was only found with the aid of the exploratory laparoscopy. CR was achieved in 28 patients out of 31 (90.3%). Pathology confirmed disease in the PH/HCL specimens of all but one patient. Overall morbidity relating to the VPD was 29.2%. No complication was specifically related to the PH/HCL. Median disease free survival was 19months and median overall survival was 42months. CONCLUSION: PH/HCL surgery was required in 15% of patients with FIGO stage IIIC-IV. The surgery was feasible, safe and significantly contributed to CR. CT scan failed to identify the disease in 31% of the patients. CT and laparoscopy correctly identified all patients.
