Implications of using conversational robots (chatbots) in uro-oncology: A patient and physician perspective.

Chatbots, or conversational robots, have become a strategy or support tool for urologic patient care, diagnostic communication, and treatment. With regard to patients, studies have shown that chatbots can answer medical questions with similar percentages of acceptability as urologists. In addition, they can contribute to patient education, allowing them to ask questions that do not arise during medical consultation. They have also proven to be good tools for health promotion and disease prevention. These benefits can also serve doctors, as robots can support medical consultation and the reading of medical records, making patient care more efficient; however, there are several limitations, including the accuracy of bot-generated answers and the acceptability that urologists give to this type of tool.

Cancer centers of excellence for the multidisciplinary management of urologic cancers: The intersection between education, research, and healthcare.

Urologic cancers are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the world, representing more than 10% of the total number of new cancer cases worldwide. These complex diseases are linked to several issues related to their diagnosis, management, monitoring, and treatment - issues that require multidisciplinary solutions that encompass and manage patients as complex entities. In response to this, the so-called cancer centers of excellence (CCEs) emerged, defined as multidisciplinary institutions specialized in the diagnosis, management, monitoring, and treatment of specific diseases, including cancer. Different institutions, such as the European Association of Urology (EAU), have proposed and encouraged its consolidation, especially for the management of prostate cancer. These institutions must be composed of three areas: healthcare, education, and research, which have complementary interactions and relationships, stimulating research and problem-solving from a multidisciplinary approach and also covering elements of basic sciences and mental health. The implementation of these CCEs has brought positive results; therefore, it is necessary to stimulate their implementation with a uro-oncologic approach.