Photobiomodulation Reduces Pain-Related Symptoms Without Interfering in the Efficacy of In-Office Tooth Bleaching: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trials.

Objective: This systematic review aimed to determine whether the use of photobiomodulation (PBM) with low-level laser therapy prevents tooth sensitivity induced by in-office tooth bleaching with hydrogen. Methods: Placebo-controlled clinical trials were included to evaluate the efficacy of PBM with low-level laser therapy in the prevention of tooth sensitivity after in-office tooth bleaching. Searches were conducted on the Medline database via PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, EBSCO, SciELO, LILACS, Cochrane, DOSS, and Google Scholar until July 2020, and fixed-effects meta-analysis was performed for tooth sensitivity [standardized mean differences (MDs)] and color changes (MDs). Results: Five studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis, with a total of 288 patients, 123 patients in the PBM group and 165 patients in the placebo group. In the meta-analysis, despite high heterogeneity, PBM significantly reduced the tooth sensitivity after the first [p < 0.001; Cohen's d = -0.32, 95% confidence interval (CI) = -0.46 to -0.18], second (p < 0.001; Cohen's d = -0.30, 95% CI = -0.46 to -0.15), and third (p < 0.001; Cohen's d = -0.82, 95% CI = -1.06 to -0.58) sessions of in-office tooth bleaching, without impairing the ΔE (p = 0.300). Conclusions: The results of this systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that PBM significantly prevents pain-related symptoms after the first three weekly sessions of in-office tooth bleaching with hydrogen.

Covid-19 in the State of Ceará: behaviors and beliefs in the arrival of the pandemic. / COVID-19 no estado do Ceará, Brasil: comportamentos e crenças na chegada da pandemia.

This study aimed to evaluate the behavioral aspects and beliefs of the population of Ceará in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. An online questionnaire was conducted on sociodemographic aspects and opinions related to the pandemic. Absolute and relative frequencies were calculated, the association between variables was performed with Chi-square, and the level of significance was 5%. The final sample had 2,259 participants, and an association was observed between females and perceiving themselves with a high risk of infection (p = 0.044) and males with non-performance of voluntary quarantine (p < 0.001). People aged 80 years and over were partially quarantined due to the flow of people at home (p < 0.001). Participants with elementary school education had a lower risk of infection than participants with a higher level of education (p < 0.001). This group includes people who did voluntary quarantine the least (p < 0.001). Participants living in the inland region of the state had less direct contact with someone tested positive for the Coronavirus (p = 0.031) and are less reclusive (p < 0.001). We can conclude that the approach to the COVID-19 pandemic varies by social aspects, such as gender, age, education, and place of residence, as well as the belief system of the population of the State of Ceará.

COVID-19 no Estado do Ceará: Comportamentos e crenças na chegada da pandemia / Covid-19 in the State of Ceará: Behaviors and beliefs in the arrival of the pandemic

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os aspectos comportamentais e as crenças da população cearense frente a pandemia de COVID-19. Foi realizado um questionário onlinesobre aspectos sociodemográficos e opiniões relacionados a pandemia. Foram calculadas frequências absoluta e relativa, a associação entre variáveis foi realizada comQui-quadrado eo nível de significância foi de 5%. A amostra final contou com 2.259 participantes e foi observada associação entre o gênero feminino com um alto risco de contaminação (p=0,044) e o gênero masculino com a não realização voluntária da quarentena (p<0,001). Pessoas com 80 anos ou mais realizaram quarentena parcialmente devido ao fluxo de pessoas em casa (p<0,001).Os participantes com o ensino fundamental consideraram que estão em um nível de risco menos alto que os participantes com grau de escolaridade mais elevado (p<0,001). Neste grupo estão as pessoas que menos fizeram quarentena voluntária (p<0,001). Os participantes que moram no interior do Estado, tiveram menos contato direto com alguém testado positivamente para o coronavírus (p=0,031) e estão menos reclusos (p<0,001).É possível concluir que a abordagem frente a pandemia de COVID-19 varia de acordo com aspectos sociais, como gênero, idade, escolaridade e local de residência, assim como o sistema de crenças da população do Estado do Ceará.

The aim of this study as to evaluate the behavior al aspects and belief sof the population of Ceará in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. An online questionnaire was conducted on sociodemographic aspects and opinions related to the pandemic. Absolute and relative requencies were calculated, the association between variables was performed with Chi-square and the level of significance as 5%. The final sample had 2,259 participants and an association was observed between the female gender with a high riskofcontamination (p = 0.044) and the male gender with voluntary non-performance of the quarantine (p <0.001). People aged 80 and over werepartiallyquarantinedduetotheflowofpeopleat home (p <0.001). Participants with primary education considered that they were at a lower risk level than participants with a higher level of education (p <0.001). In this group are the people who did the least voluntary quarantine (p <0.001). Participants who live in the interior of the state hadless direct contact with someone tested positive for the coronavírus (p = 0.031) and are lessinmates (p <0.001). It is possible to conclude that the approach to the COVID-19 pandemic varies according to social aspects, such as gender, age, education and place of residence, as well as the belief system of the population of the Stateof Ceará.(AU)

Avaliação da morfologia interna de terceiros molares usando quatro métodos diferentes / Evaluation of internal morphology in third molars using four different methods

Esse estudo avaliou a quantidade e configuração dos canais radiculares em terceiros molares superiores e inferiores, por meio de quatro métodos (radiográfico, macroscópico, microscópico e cortes seriados). Foram selecionados 100 terceiros molares, sendo adotados como critérios de exclusão: dentes com coroa totalmente destruída por cárie, rizogênese incompleta, reabsorção radicular ou fraturas; foram incluídos dentes hígidos ou com pequenas restaurações. As amostras foram divididas em dois grupos (GS e GI), compostos com terceiros molares superiores (n = 50) e inferiores (n = 50), respectivamente, os quais foram, posteriormente, avaliados por meio dos métodos radiográfico, macroscópico, microscópico e de cortes seriados. Houve maior prevalência de três canais (68,7% no Grupo S, e 65,3% no Grupo I). Predominou a configuração de canais circulares (64,9% no Grupo S, e 51,3% no Grupo I), seguida dos achatados (27,6% no Grupo S, e 38% no Grupo I) e ovais (7,4% no Grupo S, e 7% no Grupo I). De acordo com os resultados obtidos e por meio dos métodos utilizados nesse trabalho, conclui-se que os terceiros molares apresentam grande variação em sua morfologia interna, sendo fundamental conhecê-la e dominá-la, quando o tratamento endodôntico é indicado.