[Antioxidant effects of L-arginine in the rat heart in experimental rhabdomyolysis].

The glycerol administration in a dose of 1 ml of 50% water solution/100 g b. w. was found to cause considerable accumulation of the total heme in the rat blood serum that is accompanied by an increase of TBA-reactive products and protein carbonyl derivates contents and by changes of protein level. Heme entering in the heart tissue is observed in the first hours after glycerol injection. The breaches of heart antioxidant-prooxidant balance are noted in twenty-four hours: TBA-reactive products and protein carbonyl derivates accumulation, heme oxygenase and catalase activation, superoxide dismutase activity lowering and reduction of glutathione content elevation. Pretreatment by L-arginine (0.5 h before glycerol administration) almost did not affect the blood serum changes caused by glycerol injection. However in the rat heart L-arginine administration prevents from TBA-reactive products and protein carbonyl derivates accumulation and the breaches of superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. Besides L-arginine causes the ealier heme oxygenase induction. Possible mechanisms of L-arginine protective action in the rat heart under experimental rhabdomyolysis are discussed.

[Effect of L-arginine on pro- and antioxidant status of the rat vessels and lungs in experimental rhabdomyolysis].

The glycerol administration was found to cause accumulation of the total heme in rat blood serum, vessels and lungs that are accompanied by increase of TBA-reactive products and protein carbonyl derivates contents. A decrease of superoxide dismutase activity and an increase of reduced glutathione in lung were observed. Heme entering the vessels and lungs is accompanied by elevation in heme oxygenase activity. Pretreatment by L-arginine (0.5 h before glycerol administration) didn't affect blood serum and vessels changes caused by glycerol injection. However, in lungs, L-arginine prevents TBA-reactive products and protein carbonyl derivates accumulation, the decrease ofsuperoxide dismutase activity and causes the ealier heme oxygenase induction. Prooxidant effects of heme in tissues studied and possible mechanisms of L-arginine protective action in lung under experimental rhabdomyolysis are discussed.

[Heme oxygenase activity in the tissues of the vessels and heart of rats under co-administration of NO-synthase inhibitor and hemin chloride].

The administration of hemin chloride in a dose of 1.5 mg/100 g of the body weight was found to cause accumulation of the total heme and TBA-reactive products in the rat blood serum and vessels. Pretreatment by N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine (0.5 h before hemin chloride administration) did not affect the dynamics of the total heme and TBA-reacting products accumulation. The increase of heme oxygenase activity was observed in the vessels after hemin chloride administration. This effect was strengthened by N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine pretreatment. The changes of heme oxygenase activity and the total heme level in heart were not observed at any periods studied. The increase of the TBA-reactive products level in the heart after exogenous hemin injection was accompanied by an increase of nitrites content and blocked by pretreatment of NOS inhibitor. The N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine alone caused the accumulation of the total heme, TBA-reacting products and the increase of heme oxygenase activity in the vessels. The role of heme and NO in regulation of the heme oxygenase activity is discussed.

[Metabolism of heme and hemeproteins and some indices of the antioxidant system in rat erythrocytes and tissues under anemia caused by phenylhydrazine]. / Metabolizm hemu ta hemoproteïniv i deiaki pokaznyky antioksydantnoï sistemy v erytrotsytakh i tkanynakh shchuriv pry fenilhidrazynovii anemiï.

The decrease of activity of several antioxidant enzymes in erythrocytes in the first hours after injection of phenylhydrazine to rats (7 mg per 100 g body weight) was found to be accompanied by accumulation of heme-containing compounds in rat serum and appearance of free heme in liver and decrease of cytochrome P450 content. Tissue-specific features of dynamics of activity of enzymes studied and reduced glutathione content were revealed, that might be caused by differences in total and free heme content in these organs. The role of key enzymes of heme biosynthesis and degradation in adaptation of metabolism under phenylhydrazine action is discussed.

Heme oxygenase activity and some indices of antioxidant protection in rat liver and kidney in glycerol model of rhabdomyolysis.

Activity of heme oxygenase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase, the content of reduced glutathione and total heme in the liver and kidneys, and serum absorption spectrum in the Soret band were studied in rats with glycerol-induced rhabdomyolysis. Glycerol increased the content of heme-containing metabolites in the serum and the total heme content in the liver and kidneys, and decreased the content of reduced glutathione and catalase activity in the examined organs. Superoxide dismutase activity increased in the liver and decreased in the kidneys. Heme oxygenase activity increased in the liver and kidneys 2 and 6 h postinjection, respectively. The effects of heme delivered to the liver and kidneys from the vascular bed on the antioxidant defense and heme oxygenase activity were studied.

[Heme oxygenase activity in rat organs during cadmium chloride administration]. / Gemoksigenaznaia aktivnost' v organakh krys pri vvedenii khlorida kadmiia.

Heme oxygenase activity, the level of spontaneous and ascorbat-induced LPO in the liver, kidney and spleen homogenates of rats and blood serum absorption spectrum in the Soret region in different periods both after CdCl2 and prior alpha-tocopherol administration were studied. The increase in the hemolysis products content in the serum was observed in 15 min after CdCl2 injection and remained during 24 h. Heme oxygenase activity in the liver and kidney increased after 6 h and stayed at the same level 24 h after CdCl2 administration. The level of spontaneous LPO in the spleen increased after 6 h, and in the liver and kidney the level of spontaneous and ascorbat-induced LPO increased in 24 h after CdCl2 injection. The preliminary alpha-tocopherol administration did not prevent the accumulation of hemolysis products in the serum and the increase of heme oxygenase activity in the liver and kidney caused by CdCl2 administration. However, the increase in the ascorbat-induced LPO in these organs was completely blocked. The role of heme and LPO in the heme oxygenase induction by CdCl2 are discussed.

Regulation of heme oxygenase activity in rat liver during oxidative stress induced by cobalt chloride and mercury chloride.

Activities of heme oxygenase and tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase and cytochrome P450 content in liver as well as absorption of the Soret band and optical density at 280 nm in serum were determined 2 and 24 h after administration of HgCl(2) and CoCl(2) and after co-administration of the metal salts with alpha-tocopherol. Administration of HgCl(2) and CoCl(2) increased the contents of hemolysis products in the serum, induced heme oxygenase, and decreased cytochrome P450 content in the liver. Injection of HgCl(2) increased the activity of tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase holoenzyme and enzyme saturation with the heme, but administration of CoCl(2) decreased these parameters. Pretreatment with alpha-tocopherol completely blocked the changes induced by HgCl(2) after 24 h. Induction of heme oxygenase induced by CoCl(2) was not blocked by alpha-tocopherol, but this antioxidant normalized the increase in the level of hemolysis products in the serum and decrease in tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase holoenzyme activity and cytochrome P450 content. Mechanisms of regulation of heme oxygenase by mercury and cobalt ions are discussed.

[Metabolism of heme and hemoproteins in rat liver upon administration of mercuric chloride]. / Metabolizm gema i gemoproteinov v pecheni krys pri vvedenii khlorida rtuti.

Rat liver delta-aminolevulinate synthase (delta-ALAS) activity in the early period after mercury chloride administration (0.7 mg per 100 g body weight) was found to be followed by free heme level increase, which was registered by the increase of heme saturation of the heme-binding protein tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase (T-2,3-DO). delta-ALAS and heme oxygenase activity increase was observed 24 h after action. Microsomal cytochromes P450 and b5 levels decrease. Heme saturation of the T-2,3-DO returned to control level. Heme oxygenase and T-2,3-DO induction promoted hepatocytes free heme level normalization. Heme oxygenase and delta-ALAS induction role in the liver cells defense from the oxidative damage is discussed.

[The role of heme in the regulation of tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase activity and content of cytochrome P-450 in rat liver]. / Rol' gema v reguliatsii triptofan-2,3-dioksigenaznoi aktivnosti i soderzhaniia tsitokhroma P-450 v pecheni krysy.

The effects of exogenous heme on the activity of delta-aminolevulinate synthase, heme oxygenase, tryptophan-2.3-dioxygenase and microsomal cytochrome content in rat liver were studied. It was shown that hemin chloride diminishes the delta-aminolevulinate synthase activity and provokes heme oxygenase induction. This is paralleled with the induction of the tryptophan 2.3-dioxygenase apoenzyme and an increase in the saturation of the enzyme with heme. The cytochrome b5 content does not change thereby, whereas that of cytochrome P-450 shows a decrease. Upon combined administration of actinomycin D and hemin the cytochrome P-450 level is markedly increased. Actinomycin D by itself has no effect on the hemoprotein concentration. It is concluded that the increase in the cytochrome P-450 level results from the activation of heme-induced mRNA translation.

[Activity of key enzymes of heme metabolism and the content of several hemoproteins in the liver of rats of various ages]. / Aktivnost' kliuchevykh fermentov metabolizma gema i soderzhanie nekotorykh gemoproteidov v pecheni krys raznogo vozrasta.

The activity of key enzymes of heme metabolism (delta-aminolevulinate synthase, EC 2.3.1.37, and heme oxygenase, EC 1.14.99.3) and the content of some hemoproteins were examined in the liver of male Wistar rats aged 1, 3 and 24 months. It is established that the activity of delta-aminolevulinate synthase decreases when rats reach the age of 3 months and remains at the same level in rats aged 24 months. The content of microsomal cytochrome P450 and the activity of tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase holoenzyme increase when rats reach the age of 3 months. The total tryptophan-2,3 dioxygenase activity is higher in animals aged 24 months as compared to those aged 1 month. The heme oxygenase activity and the content of microsomal cytochrome b5 do not change with age.