Impact of Phytobacterial Agent on the Toxic Damage to the Liver and Ileum of White Rats.

Numerous pharmaceutical agents can induce adverse reactions in the human body, including toxicity to the liver and the inflammation of intestines. Therefore, nowadays one of the most urgent problems in modern medical science is the prevention and restoration of morphological and dysbiosis disorders caused by numerous medications. With this background in mind, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of phytobacteria on toxic damage to the structure and function of the liver and ileum, as well as the composition of the large intestine microflora in white rats with intestinal dysbacteriosis due to carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and ampicillin trihydrate. In order to prevent toxic damage to the liver and ileum of experimental animals, a phytobacterial agent was used. This test agent was composed of a mixture of commercial lactobacteria Lactobacillus helveticus with a water-soluble extract of thyme (Thymus Serpyllum L.) on a sterile milk basis. Our results showed that the introduction of phytobacterial agent led to reduced inflammation, accelerated regeneration of the ileum mucous membrane, and a positive effect on the damaged intestine. The phytobacterial agent increased the resistance of the body to potentially pathogenic microorganisms and toxic compounds by restoring the microflora of the large intestine. It was established that the phytobacterial remedy resulted in the normalization of the intestinal microflora of white rats, which had toxic damage to the liver and ileum caused by CCl4 and ampicillin trihydrate administration. Moreover, the usage of phytobacteria was correlated with improvement in the structure and function of the liver and ileum.

[The use of a molecular probe containing a specific cDNA consisting of bacteriophage M13 for detecting the hepatitis A virus in clinical specimens]. / Ispol'zovanie molekuliarnogo zonda, soderzhashchego spetsificheskuiu kDNK v sostave bakteriofaga M13, dlia detektsii virusa gepatita A v klinicheskikh obraztsakh.

A probe was constructed containing a fragment of DNA replica of hepatitis A virus (HAV) RNA within bacteriophage M13 single-stranded DNA which allowed 10(-12) g of viral RNA to be tested. Hybridization of 32P-labeled probe with total RNA from 559 samples of blood, saliva, and urine from patients with viral hepatitis A revealed the presence of HAV RNA in 14% of the samples. In the 1st week of the jaundice period HAV RNA was detected in 40% (15 positive samples out of the 39 tested), in the 2nd week 26% (14 out of 54). HAV RNA was demonstrated in 20 out of 236 blood samples from subjects in a focus of HA outbreak. Six out of 9 subjects subsequently developing the disease were detected 7-10 days before the onset of the clinical symptoms. The proposed method may be useful for detection of HAV carriers in the latent period for their isolation in order to prevent further development of epidemic.

[Construction of probes for hybridization with hepatitis A virus RNA based on phage M13]. / Konstruirovanie zondov dlia gibridizatsii s RNK virusa gepatita A na osnove faga M13.

Three fragments of a DNA copy complementary to tre hepatitis A virus RNA have been isolated from the pHAV-VPI-22 plasmid and cloned in M 13 mp 8 vector. The 140, 250 and 390 b. p. fragments corresponded to the viral genome fragment coding for VP1 protein. Single-stranded DNAs of the hybrid phages with 250 b. p. and 390 b. p. inserts have been used for radioactive probe synthesis. The specificity of the probes for viral RNA was confirmed in hybridization with hepatitis A virus RNA purified from the virus-infected cell culture. The hybridization was shown to detect up to 10(-12)-10(-13) g of the virus. A principal possibility to use the probes in diagnostic purposes was demonstrated by the virus detection in blood samples obtained from patients with hepatitis A infection.

[Comparison of the composition of proteoglycans isolated from intact and regenerating rat livers]. / Sravnenie sostava proteoglikanov, vydelennykh iz intaktnoi i regeneriruiushchei pecheni krysy.

Using electrophoresis on acetate-cellulose membranes, the composition of proteoglycans from intact and regenerating rat liver was compared within the first 24 hours after partial hepatectomy. It was found that proteoglycan preparations from intact and regenerating liver contain five fractions corresponding to proteoheparan sulfates I, II and III, proteochondroitin sulfate B and proteochondroitin sulfate AC. Two-phase reciprocal changes in the content of proteoheparan sulfates I and II took place during regeneration. On the 6th and 15th hours after partial hepatectomy, the proteoheparan sulfate I content was maximal, while that of proteoheparan sulfate II is minimal; the maximum content of proteoheparan sulfate II and the minimum content of proteoheparan sulfate I were observed on the 12th hour. Since the maxima of reciprocal changes in the proteoheparan sulfates I and II levels coincide with the activation of liver DNA transcription preceding DNA replication as well as with the relatively synchroneous outburst of mitotic activity, it was assumed that proteoheparan sulfates play a regulatory role in cell proliferation.