ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Malignant solid tumors are rare events in childhood and adolescence. Therefore central review of the histology and standardized grading are requested for accurate risk estimation and facilitate a tumor risk adapted treatment. AIMS OF THE STUDY: To abandon the time consuming transportation of tumor material over long distances to the specialized institution by implementation of an internet based consultation system. METHODS: A microscope combined with a videocamera (situated in Perm) and the personal computers of each of 4 cooperating institutions (in Perm, Kiel, Koeln, Duesseldorf) has been equipped with the special software Mikroskopkonferenz. Additional videocameras allow the transmission of the cooperators to each other. Headsets are used to avoid reecho. As a prerequisite an internet connection with a 54 KBits capacity has to be provided. RESULTS: Between January and December 2009, 26 children (median age 2; 5 years, 12 females and 14 males) with suspected or proven malignant solid tumors have been discussed in 11 telemicroscopic conferences by international cooperators. CONCLUSION: This cooperation demonstrates the proof of principle to obtain second opinions in short time over far distances for seldom diseases on a scientific level.
Subject(s)
Internet , Microscopy, Video/instrumentation , Neoplasms/pathology , Remote Consultation/instrumentation , Telepathology/instrumentation , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Microcomputers , SoftwareABSTRACT
Two aspects of histological diagnosis quality are considered: sufficiency and significance of clinical information. The sufficiency is determined as correspondence to relevant standards, significance or validity is judged by comis on of detectability and incidence rate, by comparison of the conclusions of different pathologists.
Subject(s)
Pathology, Clinical , Quality Assurance, Health Care , Diagnosis, Differential , Pathology, Clinical/methods , Pathology, Clinical/organization & administration , Pathology, Clinical/standards , Quality Assurance, Health Care/methods , Quality Assurance, Health Care/organization & administration , Quality Assurance, Health Care/standards , Reproducibility of ResultsABSTRACT
The method of comparison of frequency of intraepithelial and invasive tumours established on biopsy and surgical material of uterine cervix and body is proposed. The frequency of invasive and intraepithelial tumours of uterine cervix in different anatomo-pathological cervices of general profile was 0.8-5.3% and 1.5-42.7% respectively, those of uterine body 0.2-2.2% and 0-2.3%. Frequency of uterine body tumour diagnoses was significantly higher at the age over 40 years. As a control of frequency it is suggested to consider maximum diagnoses at minimum level of errors: 8.4 +/- 2.2% diagnoses of intraepithelial and invasive tumours of the uterine cervix and 1.5 +/- 0.7% (2.1 +/- 1.1% in patients over 40 years)--of uterine body.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma in Situ/diagnosis , Diagnostic Errors/statistics & numerical data , Uterine Neoplasms/diagnosis , Carcinoma in Situ/pathology , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Uterine Neoplasms/pathologyABSTRACT
This rare tumor was found at surgery in a 35-year-old male operated for chronic ulcer of the duodenum complicated by gastrointestinal bleeding. The tumor looked like a pedunalated polyp 6 x 3 x 2 cm in size with an ulcer 0.5 cm in diameter. Histologically, the tumor was formed of large lobules of Brunner's glands, and its surface was lined with intestinal villi. Pascual's argyrophilic test discovered focal hyperplasia of endocrine cells in the intestinal lining. The majority of these cells, according to PAP reactions with antisera to polypeptides, were serotonin-positive. Among tumor cells somatostatine-positive cells were most numerous.
Subject(s)
Adenoma/pathology , Brunner Glands/pathology , Duodenal Neoplasms/pathology , Adenoma/surgery , Adult , Brunner Glands/surgery , Diagnosis, Differential , Duodenal Neoplasms/surgery , Duodenal Ulcer/complications , Duodenal Ulcer/pathology , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/complications , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
Electrophoretic methods were used to study protein products of 32 gene loci in the blood of European and Canadian beavers held in captivity at the Voronezh State Nature Reserve. In the studied samples, the levels of polymorphism and average heterozygosity exceeded the average values of corresponding indices determined for beavers that inhabit temperate zones. To what extent the studied samples represent the state of the gene pool of parental populations is discussed. A comparison between allozyme spectra of samples of European and Canadian beavers revealed many coinciding polymorphic loci, on the one hand, and pronounced genetic divergence of these species, on the other.
Subject(s)
Enzymes/genetics , Polymorphism, Genetic , Rodentia/genetics , Animals , Electrophoresis, Starch Gel , Enzymes/blood , Heterozygote , RussiaABSTRACT
The authors conducted a clinico-anatomical analysis of 45 observations with thrombosis of the vertebral arteries. In the majority of cases thrombosis of the vertebral arteries was isolated. In 5 observations it was combined--with thrombosis of the carotid artery (2 cases), with the middle brain artery (2 cases) and with the posterior cerebellum artery (1 case). In one observation thrombosis of the right innominate, subclavian, general carotid and vertebral arteries was diagnosed clinically and angiographically. Thrombosis of the vertebral arteries occurs in the presence of expressed atherosclerotic changes in the brain vessels with acute stenosis.
Subject(s)
Brain/pathology , Encephalomalacia/diagnosis , Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis/pathology , Vertebral Artery , Aged , Encephalomalacia/etiology , Encephalomalacia/pathology , Female , Humans , Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis/complications , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
The authors accomplished a clinico-anatomical analysis of 8 personal cases of a rare vascular brain pathology. In 1 case there was a thrombembolism in the basin of fine branches of the right upper cerebellar artery with a focus of softening in the right hemisphere of the cerebellum in 1 case--thrombosis of the right upper cerebellar artery with a focus of softening in the right cerebellar hemisphere, in 5 -- thrombosis of the left lower posterior cerebellar artery with localization of the focus of softening in the left cerebellar hemisphere. One case was with thrombosis of the same vessel with a focus of softening in the right cerebellar hemisphere in the side olive of medulla oblongata.
