ABSTRACT
Background: Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality among children all over the world. Many of the etiologic agents of the infections especially viral go undiagnosed for lack of requisite facility and the cost factors. We have used a commercially available platform for diagnosis of ARIs in children receiving inpatient and outpatient services in a tertiary care centre. Methods: The framework of the study was prospective and observational. In this study, clinical samples of children suffering from ARIs were subjected to real-time multiplex PCR targeting both viral and bacterial pathogens. Results: Of 94 samples received at our centre (49 male and 45 female), the positivity for respiratory pathogens was detected in 50 (53.19%) samples. Clinical symptoms of patients and age distribution have been elaborated in text. A single pathogen (n = 29/50), two pathogens (15/50) and three pathogens (n = 6/50) were detected by multiplex RT-PCR. Of 77 isolates detected, maximum numbers were of human rhinovirus (HRV) (n = 14) (18.18%) Streptococcus pneumoniae (n = 14) (18.18%) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (n = 10) (12.98%). Conclusion: The epidemiology of ARIs considering viral etiologies is poorly understood due to less number of studies especially in Indian subcontinent. The advent of latest advanced molecular methods has made it possible to identify common respiratory pathogens and has contributed to cover the gap in existing knowledge.
ABSTRACT
AIM: The present study aimed at optimization of cultural and nutritional parameters for enhanced production of xylanase from Streptomyces cyaneus SN32. METHODS AND RESULTS: The xylanase production by S. cyaneus SN32 on most of the agro-residues tested in this study was more, as compared with the xylanase yield in the medium supplemented with commercial xylan. The presence of wheat bran as carbon source in the medium induced the highest production of xylanase followed by corn cob. Utilization of maize stalk, gram husk and black gram husk for microbial xylanase production has been reported first time in the present study. Among all the organic and inorganic sources of nitrogen tested in the study, peptone was found to be the best in stimulating xylanase production by S. cyaneus SN32. CONCLUSION: The production of xylanase from this thermoalkalophilic actinomycete has been enhanced 1.44-fold. To the best of our knowledge, the magnitude of enzyme yield i.e. 720 IU ml(-1) by S. cyaneus SN32 has not been reported for any other actinomycete so far. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF STUDY: Present studies revealed that thermoalkalophilic S. cyaneus SN32, because of its simple nutritional requirements and its ability to exhibit considerably good enzyme yield, is a potent xylanase producer for its economical application in various industries.
