Genome-wide identification and drought stress-induced expression analysis of the NHX gene family in potato.

NHX proteins are transmembrane antiporters belonging to the cation/proton antiporter gene family, with a conserved Na+ (K+)/H+ exchange (PF00999) protein domain. NHXs play a prominent role in plant growth, development, and defense. However, the role of NHX gene family in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is yet to be known. In this study, we conducted a genome-wide analysis of the potato NHX gene family. A total of 25 StNHX family members were identified to be unevenly distributed on 10 chromosomes. The proteins ranged in length from 252 to 1,153 amino acids, with molecular masses ranging from 27516.32 to 127860.87 kD, and isoelectric points (pI) ranging from 4.96 to 9.3. Analyses of gene structures and conserved motifs indicated that StNHX genes in the same phylogenetic cluster are conserved. Phylogenetic analysis divided the StNHX genes into three subfamilies (Classes I, II, and III). Synteny analysis indicated that StNHX gene family Class III of NHX and all Arabidopsis thaliana NHXs shared a close evolutionary relationship. Analysis of cis-acting elements in the upstream 1,500 bp promoter region of potato NHX genes showed that these genes could be regulated by light, stress, and hormones such as abscisic acid and gibberellic acid. Protein-protein interaction network analysis indicated that StNHX proteins may participate in the regulation of potato growth and stress response. Besides, To determine a potential role of these genes in tissue development and drought response, we analyzed the RNA-seq data of different DM potato tissues. The results showed that NHX genes exhibited distinct tissue-specific expression patterns. We further examined the expression patterns of StNHX in different tissues (leaves, roots, shoots, tubers, stolons, and flowers) during the flowering stage in 'Jizhangshu NO.8.' potato. The qRT-PCR results further confirmed the importance of StNHX genes in potato plant growth and development. We further analyzed the RNA-seq data (DM potato) under different abiotic stresses (salt, drought, and heat), and found that the expression of StNHX genes was induced under abiotic stress. qRT-PCR analysis of shoots and roots of 'Jizhangshu NO.8.' potato treated for 0, 6, 12, and 24 h with 15% PEG6000 confirmed that the 25 StNHX genes are involved in the response to drought stress in potato. The results of this study may be useful for selecting appropriate candidate genes for the breeding of new drought-tolerant potato varieties. Furthermore, this study lays a foundation for prospective analysis of StNHX gene functions.

Bismuth-Containing Quadruple Therapy for Helicobacter pylori Eradication: A Randomized Clinical Trial of 10 and 14 Days.

BACKGROUND: Bismuth-containing quadruple therapy is the first-line treatment for eradicating Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). The optimal duration for H. pylori eradication using bismuth-containing quadruple therapy remains controversial. Therefore, we aimed to compare the clinical effects of the 10- and 14-day bismuth-containing quadruple treatment regimen to eradicate H. pylori. METHODS: Treatment-naïve patients with H. pylori infection (n = 1300) were enrolled in this multicenter randomized controlled study across five hospitals in China. They were randomized into 10- or 14-day treatment groups to receive bismuth-containing quadruple therapy as follows: vonoprazan 20 mg twice daily; bismuth 220 mg twice daily; amoxicillin 1000 mg twice daily; and either clarithromycin 500 mg twice daily or tetracycline 500 mg four times daily. At least 6 weeks after treatment, we performed a 13C-urea breath test to evaluate H. pylori eradication. RESULTS: The per-protocol eradication rates were 93.22% (564/605) and 93.74% (569/607) (p < 0.001) and the intention-to-treat eradication rates were 88.62% (576/650) and 89.38% (581/650) (p = 0.007) for the 10- and 14-day regimens, respectively. Incidence of adverse effects was lower in patients who received 10- vs. 14 days of treatment (22.59% vs. 28.50%, p = 0.016). We observed no significant differences in the compliance to treatment or the discontinuation of therapy because of severe adverse effects between the groups. CONCLUSION: Compared with the 14-day bismuth-containing quadruple regimens, the 10-day regimen demonstrated a non-inferior efficacy and lower incidence of adverse effects. Therefore, the 10-day regimen is safe and tolerated and could be recommended for H. pylori eradication (NCT05049902).

Phantom study of a fully automatic radioactive seed placement robot for the treatment of skull base tumours.

BACKGROUND: Interstitial brachytherapy is a form of intensive local irradiation that facilitates the effective protection of surrounding structures and the preservation of organ functions, resulting in a favourable therapeutic response. As surgical robots can perform needle placement with a high level of accuracy, our team developed a fully automatic radioactive seed placement robot, and this study aimed to evaluate the accuracy and feasibility of fully automatic radioactive seed placement for the treatment of tumours in the skull base. METHODS: A fully automatic radioactive seed placement robot was established, and 4 phantoms of skull base tumours were built for experimental validation. All the phantoms were subjected to computed tomography (CT) scans. Then, the CT data were imported into the Remebot software to design the preoperative seed placement plan. After the phantoms were fixed in place, navigation registration of the Remebot was carried out, and the automatic seed placement device was controlled to complete the needle insertion and particle placement operations. After all of the seeds were implanted in the 4 phantoms, postoperative image scanning was performed, and the results were verified via image fusion. RESULTS: A total of 120 seeds were implanted in 4 phantoms. The average error of seed placement was (2.51 ± 1.44) mm. CONCLUSION: This study presents an innovative, fully automated radioactive particle implantation system utilizing the Remebot device, which can successfully complete automated localization, needle insertion, and radioactive particle implantation procedures for skull base tumours. The phantom experiments showed the robotic system to be reliable, stable, efficient and safe. However, further research on the needle-soft tissue interaction and deformation mechanism of needle puncture is still needed.

A paper-based ratiometric fluorescent sensor for NH3 detection in gaseous phase: Real-time monitoring of chilled chicken freshness.

A ratiometric fluorescence sensor platform with easy-to-use and accurate is nanoengineered for NH3 quantitative detection and visual real-time monitoring of chicken freshness using smartphones. The ratiometric fluorescent probe formed by combining the zinc ion complex and carbon dots has a double-emitted fluorescence peak. The fluorescence intensity of the complex changed can be clearly observed with the increase of the concentration of ammonia solution under 365 nm wavelength excitation. In order to detect NH3 concentration in gaseous phase, a portable paper-based sensor was designed. The sensor had a good linear relationship with NH3 concentration ranging from 10.0 to 90.0 µmol/L and the LOD value was 288 nM. This fluorescent paper-based sensor was used to check the freshness of chicken breast refrigerated at 4 °C, revealed observable shifts from blue to green. The fluorescent paper-based sensor can detect NH3 concentration in real time and simplify the monitoring process of meat freshness while ensuring accuracy and stability.

Protective Effect of Liuwei Dihuangwan on Mitochondrial Damage in AD Model of Caenorhabditis Elegans / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the protective effect of the extract of Liuwei Dihuangwan （LW） on mitochondrial damage in the Alzheimer's disease （AD） model of Caenorhabditis elegans （C. elegans）. MethodC. elegans transfected with human β-amyloid protein （Aβ） 1-42 gene was used as an AD model. The rats were divided into blank group， model group， metformin group （50 mmol·L-1）， and low， medium， and high dose （1.04， 2.08， 4.16 g·kg-1） LW groups. Behavioral methods were used to observe the sensitivity of 5-hydroxytryptamine （5-HT） in nematodes. Western blot was used to detect the expression of Aβ in nematodes. Total ATP content in nematodes was detected by the adenine nucleoside triphosphate （ATP） kit， and mitochondrial membrane potential was detected by the JC-1 method. In addition， the mRNA expression of Aβ expression gene （Amy-1）， superoxide dismutase-1 （SOD-1）， mitochondrial transcription factor A homologous gene-5 （HMG-5）， mitochondrial power-associated protein 1 （DRP1）， and mitochondrial mitoprotein 1 （FIS1） was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）. ResultThe extract of LW could reduce the hypersensitivity of the AD model of nematodes to exogenous 5-HT （P<0.05） and delay the AD-like pathological characteristics of hypersensitivity to exogenous 5-HT caused by toxicity from overexpression of Aβ in neurons of the AD model of nematodes. Compared with the blank group， in the model group， the mRNA expression of Aβ protein and Amy-1 increased （P<0.01）， and the mRNA expression of SOD-1 and HMG-5 decreased （P<0.01）. The mRNA expression of DRP1 and FIS1 increased （P<0.01）， and the level of mitochondrial membrane potential decreased （P<0.05）. The content of ATP decreased （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， in the positive medicine group and medium and high dose LW groups， the mRNA expression of Aβ protein and Amy-1 decreased （P<0.05，P<0.01）， and the mRNA expression of SOD-1 and HMG-5 increased （P<0.01）. The mRNA expression of DRP1 decreased （P<0.05，P<0.01）， and that of FIS1 decreased （P<0.01）. The level of mitochondrial membrane potential increased （P<0.01）， and the content of ATP increased （P<0.05，P<0.01）. ConclusionThe extract of LW may enhance the antioxidant ability of mitochondria， protect mitochondrial DNA， reduce the fragmentation of mitochondrial division， repair the damaged mitochondria， adjust the mitochondrial membrane potential， restore the level of neuronal ATP， and reduce the neuronal damage caused by Aβ deposition.

Beware of the "high functioning trap" - excessive status expectations in patients with bipolar depression / 四川精神卫生

Maintaining long-term stability of patient's condition is crucial in the treatment for bipolar disorder， while accurately assessing the patient's disease status is important and challenging in maintaining treatment. Excessive status expectation is common in patients with bipolar depression， which would warp the patient's perception of his or her own disease status and， thus， ultimately interfere with clinical decisions. Heightened vigilance should be given to such phenomenon. This paper explores the phenomenon and potential mechanisms of excessive status expectation in patients with bipolar disorder， providing ideas for related diagnosis， treatment and research. ［Funded by Jiangsu Provincial Science and Technology PProject （number， BE2015609）］

An AIE-Active NIR Fluorescent Probe with Good Water Solubility for the Detection of Aß1-42 Aggregates in Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD), an amyloid-related disease, seriously endangers the health of elderly individuals. According to current research, its main pathogenic factor is the amyloid protein, which is a kind of fibrillar aggregate formed by noncovalent self-assembly of proteins. Based on the characteristics of aggregation-induced emission (AIE), a bislactosyl-decorated tetraphenylethylene (TPE) molecule TMNL (TPE + malononitrile + lactose), bearing two malononitrile substituents, was designed and synthesized in this work. The amphiphilic TMNL could self-assemble into fluorescent organic nanoparticles (FONs) with near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence emission in physiological PBS (phosphate buffered saline), achieving excellent fluorescent enhancement (47-fold) upon its combination with Aß1-42 fibrils. TMNL was successfully applied to image Aß1-42 plaques in the brain tissue of AD transgenic mice, and due to the AIE properties of TMNL, no additional rinsing process was necessary. It is believed that the probe reported in this work should be useful for the sensitive detection and accurate localization mapping of Aß1-42 aggregates related to Alzheimer's disease.

Fabrication and characterization of colorimetric indicator for Salmon freshness monitoring using agar/polyvinyl alcohol gel and anthocyanin from different plant sources.

In order to investigate the sensitivity of anthocyanins from different plant origin as indicators for salmon freshness, nine plant anthocyanins were extracted and fabricated into colorimetric sensor arrays to detect NH3, trimethylamine (TMA), dimethylamine (DMA) to indicate salmon freshness. Rosella anthocyanin had the highest sensitivity for amines, ammonia and salmon. HPLC-MSS analysis indicated that Delphinidin-3 glucoside accounted for 75.48 % of the Rosella anthocyanin. UV-visible spectral analysis showed that the maximum absorbance band of Roselle anthocyanins for acid and alkaline forms were located at 525 nm and 625 nm which showed a relatively broader spectrum than other anthocyanins. An indicator film was fabricated by combining Roselle anthocyanin with agar and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), which showed visible changes from red to green when employed to monitor the freshness of salmon stored at 4 °C. The ΔE value of Roselle anthocyanin indicator film was changed from 5.94 to >10. The ΔE value also can predict the chemical quality indicators of salmon effectively, especially with characteristic volatile components, and the predictive correlation coefficient was above 0.98. Therefore, the proposed indicating film showed great potential monitoring salmon freshness.

A short-term efficacy evaluation of biological antibacterial peptides in the adjuvant therapy of stageⅢ periodontitis / 口腔医学

Objective@#To investigate the efficacy of antibacterial peptides in the adjuvant therapy of stage Ⅲ periodontitis.@*Methods@#Fifty-one patients were randomly divided into simple mechanical curettage group, minocycline hydrochloride group and antibacterial peptide group according to the treatment mode. Three groups received periodontal sequential treatment, and after the ultrasonic supragingival scaling, they were performed with curettage, root surface planing, polishing and flushing. After treatment in the minocycline hydrochloride group and the biological antibacterial peptide group, minocycline hydrochloride ointment and biological antibacterial peptide periodontal gel were injected into the periodontal pocket respectively. The mechanical curettage group did not take medicine. Periodontal checklists at baseline and 90 d after treatment were recorded to compare differences of the three groups in periodontal probing depth (PD), bleeding index (BI) and attachment level (AL). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELSIA) was used to detect the change of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β by collecting the gingival crevicular fluid of the three sets at baseline, 7 d after treatment and 90 d after treatment. @*Results@#There was no statistically significant difference in periodontal clinical examination indexes(PD,BI,AL) and contents of TNF-α and IL-1β in the gingival crevicular fluid between the three groups at baseline (P>0.05). At 7 and 90 d after treatment, all indexes in the three groups were improved compared with those before treatment. The comparison between groups showed that in periodontal pockets with PD≤5 mm, there was no statistically significant difference in the indicators between the three groups. In periodontal pockets with PD≥6 mm, the minocycline hydrochloride group and the bio-antibacterial peptide group had no statistically significant difference in various indicators, but they were all better than the mechanical scaling group.@*Conclusion@#Basic periodontal therapy is an important treatment for stage Ⅲ periodontitis. Minocycline hydrochloride and biological antibacterial peptides are both effective adjuvant drugs for deep periodontal pockets with PD≥6 mm.

Qihuang Yishen Granules （芪黄益肾颗粒） Combined with Chronic Disease Management of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Diabetic Kidney Disease Patients with Deficiency of both Qi and Yin：A Clinical Observation / 中医杂志

ObjectiveTo observe the effectiveness and safety of Qihuang Yishen Granules （芪黄益肾颗粒） combined with traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） chronic disease management on patients with diabetic kidney disease with deficiency qi and yin. MethodsTotally 140 patients diagnosed as diabetic kidney diseases with deficiency of both qi and yin were randomly divided into control group and trial group，with 70 cases in each group. Patients in the control group were treated with symptomatic treatment and routine chronic disease management. Patients in the trial group added Qihuang Yishen Granules and chronic disease management with TCM characteristics on the basis of symptomatic treatment. The course of treatment in both groups lasted for 6 months. The changes of laboratory indexes and chronic disease management level scores of the two groups of patients before treatment and after 3 and 6 months of treatment were compared， and their correlation were analyzed.The laboratory indexes of urinary protein and renal function related indicators such as 24-hour urinary protein quantification （24 hUTP）， serum creatinine （Scr）， blood urea nitrogen （BUN）， and estimated glomerular filtration rate （eGFR）， and control compliance rate， as well as blood glucose and lipid related indicators such as glycosylated hemoglobin （HbA1c）， low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C）， triglyceride （TG） and control compliance rate were observed. The chronic disease management level scores included exercise，cognitive symptom management practice，communication with doctors， self-efficacy of symptom management，self-efficacy of disease commonness management. ResultsFinally，67 cases in the control group and 68 cases in the trial group completed the study. Compared with the group before treatment， the trial group had lower 24 hUTP and Scr， higher exercise score， total self-management score and all self-efficacy scale scores， higher TG at 3 months of treatment； at 6 months of treatment， the trial group had lower 24 hUTP， higher eGFR， and higher self-management scores and self-efficacy scale scores of all chronic diseases （P＜0.05）， and the control group had higher self-management total score （P＜0.05）. After 6 months of treatment， the trial group had lower 24 hUTP， Scr， LDL-C， and TG， higher eGFR， higher compliance rate of 24 hUTP， eGFR， LDL-C， and TG， and higher scores for all chronic disease management indexes compared with the control group （P＜0.05）. In terms of the correlation between laboratory indicators and chronic disease management level scores：there was a statistically significant difference in the correlation between 24hUTP and exercise，symptom management self-efficacy，and self-efficacy of disease commonness management （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01），all of which were negatively correlated. There was a statistically significant difference in the correlation between Scr and symptom management self-efficacy and self-efficacy of disease commonness management （P＜0.01），both of which were negatively correlated. There was a statistically significant difference in the correlation between eGFR and symptom management self-efficacy and self-efficacy of disease commonness management （P＜0.01），both of which were positively correlated. ConclusionQihuang Yishen Granules combined with chronic disease management of TCM can improve the level of proteinuria，renal function and lipid metabolism in patients with diabetic kidney disease with deficiency of both qi and yin，thus delaying the progress of diabetic kidney disease and also improve the level of chronic disease management of patients.

Application of functional near-infrared spectroscopy in rehabilitation: a visualized analysis / 中国康复理论与实践

ObjectiveTo summarize the current situation, hot spots and frontiers of the application of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) in rehabilitation in recent ten years. MethodsLiterature related to the application of fNIRS in rehabilitation was retrieved from the core collection of Web of Science from January, 2003 to December, 2022, and the visualized analysis was performed by CiteSpace 6.1.R6 software. ResultsA total of 828 literatures were included. The annual publication volume was on the rise. The most prolific author was LI Zengyong. The most published country was the United States. And the most published institution was Karolinska Institute. Hot keywords included children, stroke, activation, quality of life, cerebral palsy, etc. The hot keywords of bursting intensity included early intervention, speech perception, cerebral palsy, plasticity, spinal cord injury, physical therapy, visual feedback, Parkinson's disease, etc. Cluster analysis suggested that in the past decade, the application of fNIRS in rehabilitation involved physical therapy, speech therapy, occupational therapy, pre-rehabilitation and early rehabilitation of surgery, mainly focusing on six themes: the rehabilitation of motor dysfunction after stroke, cognitive impairment, hearing and speech dysfunction, children with cerebral palsy, cardiopulmonary function monitoring in severe diseases and long-term nursing of chronic diseases. Among them, the application of fNIRS in neurological rehabilitation of stroke patients occupied a large proportion, which might be the current research hot spot and trend. ConclusionThe application of fNIRS in rehabilitation is on the rise. In the future, more attention should be paid to the application of fNIRS in the study of the injury and recovery mechanism of neurological disorders, especially the effects of various rehabilitation interventions on cortical plasticity and the etiology of neurological disorders.

Impact and challenges of ChatGPT on medical science research management / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective:To explore the influence and challenge of ChatGPT technology on medical scientific research management, and to provide references for better meeting the change of scientific research paradigm generated by artificial intelligence.Methods:Through literature research and case testing, combined with the main characteristics of ChatGPT, the possible application scenarios, risks, and challenges of ChatGPT technology in medical scientific research management were analyzed.Results:Countermeasures and suggestions were proposed from the perspective of medical institutions and research managers.Conclusions:ChatGPT technology will have a broad application prospect in medical scientific research management, and bring new risks and challenges. It is suggested to comply with the trend and actively face it by improving laws, regulations, and institutional norms, strengthening research and supervision, and improving the ability and quality of medical scientific research management personnel.

Exploration and thinking on promoting the innovational and transformational ability of an outstanding discipline in a grade A tertiary hospital / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective:The paper aims to take the Department of Nephrology of Peking University First Hospital as an example to explore the practice of promoting innovation and transformation of an outstanding discipline.Methods:A descriptive analysis was carried out on the research basis, research output, and the status quo of disciplinary innovation and transformation of the nephrology department.Results:The main result showed that through the strategic layout of research direction from the characteristics of the discipline, transformation of traditional consciousness, enhancement of the capacity of innovation subject, policy guidance and incentive, promotion of collaborative innovation of medical enterprises and research institutes, the effect of enhancement of innovation and transformation had been shown.Conclusions:In order to do a good job in the innovation and transformation of an outstanding discipline, clinical hospitals need to support clinical medical research based on clinical problems and resource coordination, strengthen the whole process management and service of intellectual property protection, implement performance evaluation related to innovation and transformation, and introduce and cultivate complex talents for innovation and transformation.

Clinical analysis of 50 cases of tracheal bronchus in children / 中华全科医师杂志

The clinical data of 50 children with tracheal bronchus, 35 males and 15 females with a mean age of 1.3 months (9 days to 10 years), diagnosed by bronchoscopy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University from July 2017 to September 2021 were collected, including gender, age, symptoms, signs, bronchoscopy manifestations, imaging manifestations, associated diseases, and outcomes. There were 26 cases (52%) of severe pneumonia, 14 cases (28%) of recurrent wheezing, 8 cases (16%) of recurrent cough, and 2 cases (4%) of foreign bodies. The clinical symptoms were cough in 45 cases (90%), phlegm in 37 cases (74%), asthma in 28 cases (56%), and fever in 25 cases (50%). The physical signs were wet rale in 33 cases (66%), dry rale in 24 cases (48%), shortness of breath in 23 cases (46%), and triple concave sign in 21 cases (42%). The site of occurrence of tracheal bronchi was the right wall of the lower segment of the trachea. All 50 patients underwent complete pulmonary imaging examinations, but the presence of tracheal bronchus was reported in only 3 cases (6%). There were 24 cases (48%) with other types of tracheal malformations, including 9 cases (18%) of single malacia, 6 cases (12%) of single tracheal stenosis, 1 case (2%) of external tracheal compression, and 8 cases (16%) of multiple tracheal malformations. There were other underlying diseases in 27 cases (54%), congenital heart disease was the most common (17 cases, 34%), followed by premature infants (9 cases, 18%). In addition, there were 3 cases (6%) of chromosomal diseases, esophageal atresia, tracheoesophageal fistula, and polydactyly. All children were discharged after anti-infection and bronchoscopy alveolar lavage. It is suggested that tracheobronchial malformation can cause infection, as well as other tracheal deformities such as tracheal softening and stenosis.

Impacts of SVV-guided goal-directed fluid therapy on intraoperative signs, intestinal barrier function and prognosis in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical rectal cancer surgery / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To investigate the impacts of stroke volume variation (SVV)-guided goal-directed fluid therapy on intraoperative signs, intestinal barrier function and prognosis in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical rectal cancer surgery.Methods:A total of 90 patients who underwent laparoscopic radical resection for rectal cancer in Peking University International Hospital from May 2020 to May 2022 were prospectively selected as subjects, and divided into SVV group (45 cases) and traditional infusion group (45 cases) by random number table method. The SVV group was given SVV-guided goal-directed fluid therapy, and the traditional infusion group was given central venous pressure (CVP)-guided goal-directed fluid therapy. The operation-related indicators (urine volume, crystalloid volume, colloid volume, total fluid volume, blood loss and operation time), intraoperative signs indicators[heart rate (HR), CVP, mean arterial pressure (MAP)], intestinal barrier function indicators [diamine oxidase (DAO), D-lactic acid], inflammatory factor levels [interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)], and the incidence of complications were compared between the two groups.Results:There was no significant difference in the urine volume, blood loss and operation time between the two groups (all P>0.05), while the crystalloid volume, colloid volume and total fluid volume in the SVV group were greatly lower than those in the traditional infusion group (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in HR between the two groups at different time points ( P>0.05). Compared with T 0, CVP at T 1 in the two groups was significantly decreased (all P<0.05), and increased at T 2 and T 3 compared with T 1 (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in MAP at different time points in the SVV group (all P>0.05). The MAP at T 1, T 2 and T 3 in the traditional infusion group was significantly lower than that at T 0 (all P<0.05), and the MAP at T 1, T 2 and T 3 in the SVV group was significantly higher than that in the traditional infusion group (all P<0.05). Compared with T 0, DAO and D-lactic acid levels were significantly increased at T 1, T 3, T 4 and T 5 in the two groups (all P<0.05), and DAO and D-lactic acid levels at T 1, T 3, T 4 and T 5 in the SVV group were significantly lower than those in the traditional infusion group (all P<0.05). Compared with T 0, serum IL-10 level in the two groups was significantly decreased at T 4 ( P<0.05), and serum IL-6 and TNF-α levels were significantly increased at T 4 (all P<0.05). The serum levels of IL-10, IL-6 and TNF-α in the SVV group at T 4 were significantly different from those in the traditional infusion group (all P<0.05). Compared with T 4, the serum levels of IL-10 at T 5 were significantly increased (all P<0.05), while the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly decreased (all P<0.05), but there was no statistical significance between the two groups (all P>0.05). The incidence of postoperative infection, anastomotic fistula, vomiting and nausea in SVV group (13.33%) was significantly lower than that in traditional infusion group (35.33%) ( P<0.05). Conclusions:SVV-guided goal-directed fluid therapy for patients undergoing laparoscopic radical rectal cancer can effectively stabilize intraoperative vital signs, reduce inflammation, improve intestinal barrier function, and improve prognosis.

The effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy for mental disorders / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), as an important representative of the " third wave" of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), has been paid more attention. Since the publication of the treatment manual in 1993, DBT has been widely spread in several treatment settings, including outpatient, community, and inpatient settings, and has been applied to the diagnosis and treatment of various mental disorders. In recent years, more and more studies have proved that DBT has a clear effect on a variety of mental disorders and psychological and behavioral problems, especially the clinical problems related to emotion regulation. This article summarizes and evaluates the effectiveness of DBT in the treatment of mental disorders and discusses the limitations of the current research and the future development direction.

Evaluation of immunoprotection against coronavirus disease 2019:Novel variants,vaccine inoculation,and complications / 药物分析学报

The strikingly rapidly mutating nature of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)genome has been a constant challenge during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic.In this study,various techniques,including reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction,antigen-detection rapid diagnostic tests,and high-throughput sequencing were analyzed under different scenarios and spectra for the etiological diagnosis of COVID-19 at the population scale.This study aimed to summarize the latest research progress and provide up-to-date understanding of the methodology used for the evaluation of the immunoprotection conditions against future variants of SARS-CoV-2.Our novel work reviewed the current methods for the evaluation of the immunoprotection status of a specific population(endogenous antibodies)before and after vaccine inoculation(adminis-tered with biopharmaceutical antibody products).The present knowledge of the immunoprotection status regarding the COVID-19 complications was also discussed.Knowledge on the immunoprotection status of specific populations can help guide the design of pharmaceutical antibody products,inform practice guidelines,and develop national regulations with respect to the timing of and need for extra rounds of vaccine boosters.

Clinical comparison of modified postauricular transverse incision and traditional vertical incision for microvascular decompression in the treatment of hemifacial spasm / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective:To compare the effect of modified postauricular transverse incision and traditional vertical incision for microvascular decompression in the treatment of hemifacial spasm.Methods:Prospective study method was used. A total of 116 patients with hemifacial spasm in Handan Central Hospital from January 1, 2019 to January 1, 2020 were selected, and divided into two groups according to the admission order. Both groups underwent microvascular decompression; control group (57 cases) received traditional vertical incision, while treatment group (59 cases) received modified postauricular transverse incision. The brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP), pain degree, surgical indicators, facial aesthetic satisfaction and complications were compared between two groups.Results:After treatment, the BAEP of latency, wave interval and wave amplitude in the two groups increased compared with that before treatment, and the BAEP of latency, wave interval and wave amplitude in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group: (1.89 ± 0.15) ms vs. (1.62 ± 0.21) ms, (7.89 ± 0.15) ms vs. (6.25 ± 0.41) ms, (1.79 ± 0.19) ms vs. (1.54 ± 0.11) ms ( P<0.05). After treatment, the visual analogue score (VAS) of patients in the two groups decreased compared with that before treatment, and the VAS of patients in the treatment group was lower than that in the control group: (1.15 ± 0.27) points vs. (2.18 ± 0.24) points ( P<0.05). The operation time, intraoperative bleeding volume and postoperative scar length of patients in the treatment group were less than those in the control group: (60.41 ± 3.81) h vs. (76.87 ± 3.87) h, (30.18 ± 4.19) ml vs. (56.87 ± 4.15) ml and (4.18 ± 1.07) cm vs. (6.87 ± 1.05) cm ( P<0.05). The satisfaction rate of patients in the treatment group was higher than that in the control group: 91.53% (54/59) vs. 71.93% (41/57) ( P<0.05). The complication rate of patients in the treatment group was lower than that in the control group: 5.08% (3/59) vs. 21.05% (12/57) ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Compared with traditional vertical incision, the modified transverse incision for microvascular decompression in the treatment of hemifacial spasm can reduce intraoperative blood loss and postoperative scar area, enhance brainstem auditory evoked potential, and improve facial aesthetics, which is worthy of recommendation.

Efficacy and safety of Omalizumab for the treatment of pediatric allergic asthma: a retrospective multicenter real-world study in China / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To assess the clinical effectiveness and safety of Omalizumab for treating pediatric allergic asthma in real world in China.Methods:The clinical data of children aged 6 to 11 years with allergic asthma who received Omalizumab treatment in 17 hospitals in China between July 6, 2018 and September 30, 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.Such information as the demographic characteristics, allergic history, family history, total immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels, specific IgE levels, skin prick test, exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) levels, eosinophil (EOS) counts, and comorbidities at baseline were collected.Descriptive analysis of the Omalizumab treatment mode was made, and the difference in the first dose, injection frequency and course of treatment between the Omalizumab treatment mode and the mode recommended in the instruction was investigated.Global Evaluation of Treatment Effectiveness (GETE) analysis was made after Omalizumab treatment.The moderate-to-severe asthma exacerbation rate, inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) dose, lung functions were compared before and after Omalizumab treatment.Changes in the Childhood Asthma Control Test (C-ACT) and Pediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (PAQLQ) results from baseline to 4, 8, 12, 16, 24, and 52 weeks after Omalizumab treatment were studied.The commodity improvement was assessed.The adverse event (AE) and serious adverse event (SAE) were analyzed for the evaluation of Omalizumab treatment safety.The difference in the annual rate of moderate-to-severe asthma exacerbation and ICS reduction was investigated by using t test.The significance level was set to 0.05.Other parameters were all subject to descriptive analysis.A total of 200 allergic asthma patients were enrolled, including 75.5% ( n=151) males and 24.5% ( n=49) females.The patients aged (8.20±1.81) years. Results:The median total IgE level of the 200 patients was 513.5 (24.4-11 600.0) IU/mL.Their median treatment time with Omalizumab was 112 (1-666) days.Their first dose of Omalizumab was 300 (150-600) mg.Of the 200 cases, 114 cases (57.0%) followed the first Omalizumab dosage recommended in the instruction.After 4-6 months of Omalizumab treatment, 88.5% of the patients enrolled ( n=117) responded to Omalizumab.After 4 weeks of treatment with Omalizumab, asthma was well-controlled, with an increased C-ACT score [from (22.70±3.70) points to (18.90±3.74) points at baseline]. Four-six months after Omalizumab administration, the annual rate of moderate-to-severe asthma exacerbation had a reduction of (2.00±5.68) per patient year( t=4.702 5, P<0.001), the median ICS daily dose was lowered [0 (0-240) μg vs. 160 (50-4 000) μg at baseline] ( P<0.001), the PAQLQ score was improved [(154.90±8.57) points vs. (122.80±27.15) points at baseline], and the forced expiratory volume in one second % predicted (FEV 1%pred) was increased [(92.80±10.50)% vs. (89.70±18.17)% at baseline]. In patients with available evaluations for comorbidities, including allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis or eczema, urticaria, allergic conjunctivitis and sinusitis, 92.8%-100.0% showed improved symptoms.A total of 124 AE were reported in 58 (29.0%) of the 200 patients, and the annual incidence was 0(0-15.1) per patient year.In 53 patients who suffered AE, 44 patients (83.0%) and 9 patients (17.0%) reported mild and moderate AE, respectively.No severe AE were observed in patients.The annual incidence of SAE was 0(0-1.9) per patient year.Most common drug-related AE were abdominal pain (2 patients, 1.0%) and fever (2 patients, 1.0%). No patient withdrew Omalizumab due to AE. Conclusions:Omalizumab shows good effectiveness and safety for the treatment of asthma in children.It can reduce the moderate-to-severe asthma exacerbation rate, reduce the ICS dose, improve asthma control levels, and improve lung functions and quality of life of patients.

SHMT2 Promotes Invasion and Migration of Breast Cancer Cells Through Binding to and Up-regulating HAX1 / 肿瘤防治研究

Objective To explore the molecular mechanism of SHMT2 regulating the invasion and migration of breast cancer cells. Methods Bioinformatics analysis was used to verify the role of SHMT2 in breast cancer tissues. Transwell assay was used to detect the changes of invasion and migration abilities of breast cancer cells. Co-immunoprecipitation, knockdown plasmid transfection and Western blot were used to determine the regulatory relationship between different proteins. Results Bioinformatics analysis showed that the expression level of SHMT2 in invasive breast cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent normal tissues (P < 0.001). The 5-year disease-specific survival and overall survival in the SHMT2 high expression group were significantly lower than those in the SHMT2 low expression group (both P < 0.001). Transwell assay showed that SHMT2 knockdown significantly reduced the invasion ability (t=5.375, P=0.0058) and migration ability (t=6.274, P=0.0033) of MCF7 cells. Western blot showed that SHMT2 could combine to HAX1, and knockdown of SHMT2 reduced the protein level of HAX1. Transwell assay showed that the inhibitory effect of SHMT2 knockdown on the migration of MCF7 cells could be reversed by overexpression of HAX1 (t=6.274, P=0.0033; t=8.041, P=0.0013), while SHMT2 inhibitor (SHIN1, 10 nmol/L) significantly inhibited the migration of MCF7 cells induced by SHMT2 overexpression (t=10.16, P=0.0005; t=8.741, P=0.0009). Conclusion SHMT2 was closely related to the poor prognosis of breast cancer, and was a key factor in the invasion and migration of breast cancer cells. The mechanism was that SHMT2 increased the invasion and migration ability of breast cancer cells by binding to and up-regulating HAX1. It was verified that SHMT2 inhibitor could significantly reduce the migration ability of breast cancer cells. This study explored the therapeutic potential of SHMT2 inhibitor in metastatic breast cancer, and found potential intervention targets for its clinical treatment.