ABSTRACT
The renal system manifestations of coronavirus disease-2019 have been documented extensively; however, scientific literature remains scarce regarding collapsing glomerulopathy hence the need for this investigation. Methods: A comprehensive review was conducted covering a timeline from 1 January 2020 to 5 February 2022 without any restrictions. The data extraction was conducted independently, and articles were assessed for the risk of bias. Data analysis was conducted using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis version 3.3.070 and RevMan version 5.4 for pooled proportions and risk ratio (RR) between dialysis-dependent and independent treatment groups with a P-value less than 0.05 considered significant. Results: A total of 38 studies were included in this review, including 74 (65.9%) males. The mean age was 54.2 years old. The most common symptoms reported were related to the respiratory system (59.6%, 95% CI: 50.4-68.2%) and hematuria (34.2%, 95% CI: 26.1-43.4). Antibiotics (25.9%, 95% CI: 12.9-45.3%) was the commonest management used. Proteinuria was the most reported laboratory finding at 89.5% (95% CI: 82.4-93.9%), while the commonest microscopic finding was acute tubular injury (77.2%, 95% CI: 68.6-84.0%). An increased risk of the presence of symptoms (P=0.005) and microscopic findings (P=0.0003) related to collapsing glomerulopathy in dialysis-dependent group was noted with increased management (P=0.01) used in this group for coronavirus disease-2019 infection. Conclusion: The findings of this study portray the prognostic value of the variables (symptoms and microscopic findings, etc.) reported in the analysis. Hence this study serves as a foundation for future investigations that minimize the study's limitations to provide a more robust conclusion.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The number of regular smartphone users has increased dramatically worldwide. Headaches, followed by sleep difficulties, forgetfulness, dizziness, and other ailments, are among the most prevalent complaints among smartphone users during or after use. In addition, migraine is a debilitating disease and is the world's second leading cause of disability. Hence, we performed this study to determine how smartphone overuse influenced migraine patients' level of disability, pain intensity, sleep quality, and overall quality of life. METHODS: In this observational study, the patients were divided into two groups high mobile phone use group (HMPUG) and the low mobile phone user group (LMPUG) using the Mobile Phone Problematic Use Scale. We assessed, for each group, patients' level of disability, pain intensity, sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, and quality of life through the Migraine Disability Assessment Scale, Visual Analogue Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and 24-h Migraine Quality of Life Questionnaire, respectively. RESULTS: Our study showed that the respondents' average age was 27.59 (9.79) years. The average number of family members was 5.98 (2.3251). A total of 65.8% (n = 263) of the 400 participants were female, while 34.3 % (n = 137) were male. Greater pain intensity, poor sleep quality, and reduced medication effectivity were found in HMPUG compared to LMPUG (p < .05). However, increased duration of migraine and medication intake was reported in the LMPUG (p < .05). CONCLUSION: We observed that smartphone overuse could worsen pain, sleep, and reduce treatment efficacy in individuals with migraine. Therefore, controlled smartphone use is recommended to avoid worsening symptoms.
