[The role of oxidative stress in pathogenesis of GBS].

Axon degeneration accompanying its demielinization is a main course of neurological insufficiency typical for GBS. The mechanisms of axon degeneration, considered as the secondary result of serve inflammation are not established. We aimed to determine the role of oxidative metabolism in viral polyneuropathy pathogenesis. The activity of pro- and antioxidant systems of the body was studied by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) method. In blood and cerebrospinal fluid the intensive EPR signals of nitric oxide (NO), complexes of NO with nonhemic iron (HbNO), lypo- and superoxide radicals content noticeably increases, the signals of free Mn2+ and Fe2+ revealed, the activity of blood antioxidant enzymes, ceruloplasmin and katalasa increases (by 60%), superoxidedismitase's and glutation reductases activity decreases (by 20% and 70% correspondingly). It was considered, that inflammatory damage of nervous system induced by different infectious stimulus is initiated by activated immune cell proinflamatory agents (reactive oxygen and nitrogen species). Subsequently the oxidative stress, as result of accumulation of generators of reactive oxygen species, disordered intracellular metabolism products, contributes to axon demielinization and degeneration.

[Temozolomide--a new antitumor preparation in the treatment of central nervous system malignant tumors].

Treatment results of the patients with central nervous system primary tumors are unsatisfactory. Nytrosomethylureal and vincaalkaloid preparations are rather ineffective in such cases. In recent years clinicians paid great attention to a new-generation chemotherapy drug, temozolomide (temozolomide - TMZ). Temozolomide is used for the treatment of primary malignant tumors of central nervous system, as well as for brain metastatic tumors and melanoma. In the National Cancer Center from 1996 to 2005, 140 patients with central nervous system primary tumors were selected and randomized into 2 groups. In these patients complex therapy using standard schemes of chemotherapy and complex treatment with temozolomide was conducted. 88 patients entered to the control group. 52 patients of the prospective group received temozolomide. Thus, clinical analysis is based on the treatment results of 140 patients. Data obtained have shown that median survival rate of the prospective group patients receiving temozolomide is 2,23 times better in comparison to that of the control group patients. On the basis of the detailed analysis of both retrospective and prospective materials it has been shown that histological type of the tumor is of great importance for the remote treatment results. Of all malignant tumors of central nervous system temozolomide is more effective in the treatment of astrocytomas in comparison with the tumors of other histological types. The use of temozolomide in complex treatment of the patients with malignant tumors of central nervous system resulted in marked effect. Median survival of the patients is 22,35 months.