Evaluation of the Relation between Compliance with Mediterranean Diet and Quality of Life of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

The study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between compliance of Type 2 Diabetes patients with the Mediterranean Diet and their quality of life. A total of 200 patients admitted to TRNC Famagusta State Hospital Internal Medicine Clinic, diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes, between the ages of 30-65 were included in the study. Patients filled out questionnaires that included data on demographic characteristics along with a 14-item MEDAS questionnaire, and SF-36 Quality of Life Scale. A total of 45% of patients were male, 55% female, mean age was 55 ± 8.28, and 65.6% of males and 49.1% of females complied moderately with the Mediterranean Diet (MEDAS score 6-9). According to the physical and mental indicator score, the quality of life of patients was moderate, and a strong relation was detected between gender and quality of life (p < 0.001). The scores of the quality of life of males were higher than those of females. Men and women who had moderate compliance with the Mediterranean Diet had higher physical function scores than those who had low compliance. The quality of life can be increased with regular training on the importance of dietary compliance because of the positive effects of the Mediterranean Diet on health.

The effect of subclinical hypothyroidism on body composition parameters in children.

BACKGROUND: It's known that overt hypothyroidism increases body fat content and weight. There's limited research about the effect of subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) on body composition in children and the effect of LT4 treatment. We aimed to evaluate body composition parameters in healthy subjects and in children with mild SH (MSH) and determine the effect of LT4 treatment. METHODS: Sixty-four healthy children and 32 children with MSH were included. Anthropometric measurements and hormonal parameters were evaluated. Body composition was evaluated using bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA). Patients were put on LT4 treatment. BIA was performed again after 12 months of therapy. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the anthropometric parameters and basal metabolic rate of the healthy children and the MSH group. The percentage of trunk muscle mass (TMM) in the MSH group was lower than in the control group (P < .05). After 12 months of LT4 treatment, the percentage of total fat-free mass (FFM), TMM and trunk fat-free mass (TFFM) were increased and percentage of total body fat mass and trunk fat mass were decreased (P < .05). The difference between the percentage of TMM in the MSH group and control group was insignificant after LT4 treatment (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS: The percentage of TMM in children with MSH was found lower than healthy control group. After LT4 treatment, the percentage of the FFM, TMM and TFFM were increased and the difference between percentage of TMM in children with MSH and healthy controls was insignificant. Our data indicated that MSH might be associated with early changes in body composition parameters.

Diet and physical activity interventions do have effects on body composition and metabolic syndrome parameters in overweight and obese adolescents and their mothers.

To determine the effects of lifestyle intervention and diet on body composition, anthropometric measurements, and metabolic syndrome (MS) in obese and overweight adolescents and their mothers, a diet and lifestyle intervention program was administered for 16 weeks to 19 9-17-year-old (12.52 ± 2.85 years) adolescents (female/male, 8/11) with a body mass index (BMI) value over the 90th percentile; hemoglobin (Hb)A1C, fasting insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), fibrinogen, and C-reactive protein levels of the adolescents and anthropometric measurements of the mothers were compared. In some of the anthropometric values (body weight (BW), BMI, waist circumference (WC), skinfold thicknesses, body fat tissue, and lean tissue mass), a statistically significant difference was observed in pre- and post-application measurements (p<0.05). There was a significant difference in pre- and post-application values of systolic and diastolic blood pressure and some biochemical parameters (uric acid, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, triglyceride, and HOMA-IR) (p<0.05); however, there was no significant difference in pre- and post-application values of fasting blood glucose, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, albumin, HbA1C, fasting insulin, and fibrinogen (p>0.05). MS was observed in 52.6% of the participants at baseline, and this rate was found as 15.8% based on the measurements carried out at week 16, which is a statistically significant decrease (p<0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in pre- and post-study values of BW, BMI, body fat mass, basal metabolic rate, WC, hip circumference, hip/waist, and skinfold thickness in mothers. A 16-week diet and lifestyle intervention program for overweight and obese adolescents involving their mothers resulted in significant improvement in obesity and MS treatment.