ABSTRACT
To specify criteria for the diagnosis of acute intestinal infections induced by opportunistic bacteria, the clinico-laboratory findings were compared in 3 groups of children: with acute intestinal infections induced by opportunistic bacteria (194 children); with shigellosis, salmonellosis and escherichiosis (260 children); with rotavirus gastroenteritis (133 children). It has been demonstrated that in the diagnosis of acute intestinal infections induced by opportunistic bacteria, one should be very careful in excluding the etiological role of pathogenic bacteria and viruses not only clinically but also with the aid of laboratory virological, bacteriological and serological methods; in considering changes in the quantitative content of the intestinal microflora to be seen over time. It is also necessary that the age and the premorbid condition of the patients examined may be taken into account.
Subject(s)
Bacterial Infections/diagnosis , Intestinal Diseases/diagnosis , Opportunistic Infections/diagnosis , Acute Disease , Bacterial Infections/epidemiology , Child, Preschool , Feces/microbiology , Gastroenteritis/diagnosis , Gastroenteritis/epidemiology , Humans , Incidence , Infant , Intestinal Diseases/epidemiology , Opportunistic Infections/epidemiology , Rotavirus Infections/diagnosis , Rotavirus Infections/epidemiology , Russia/epidemiology , Seasons , Seroepidemiologic StudiesABSTRACT
Overall 180 children aged 3 months to 12 years with acute and chronic hepatitis B and delta were examined for macrophagal function. Chemotaxis, saturation with esterase, the content of nuclear RNA were estimated, antigens of HB virus in these cells were identified as well. The data obtained attest to the correlation between the degree of macrophagal function disorders and the gravity of acute virus hepatitis. The chronic disease is characterized by stable depression of mononuclear cells with a tendency toward deeper depression of their function in patients with virus hepatitis delta as well as a higher rate of HBsAg and HBeAg demonstration in these cells. The authors provide evidence for advisability of the use of BCG vaccine and tactivin in patients with the chronic disease, since they improve macrophagal function, promote the inhibition of HB-virus replication and the onset of a stable remission in patients with chronic hepatitis B and delta.
Subject(s)
Hepatitis B/etiology , Hepatitis D/etiology , Macrophages/physiology , Acute Disease , Child , Child, Preschool , Hepatitis B/immunology , Hepatitis D/immunology , Hepatitis, Chronic/etiology , Hepatitis, Chronic/immunology , Humans , Infant , Liver Cirrhosis/etiology , Liver Cirrhosis/immunology , Skin Window TechniqueSubject(s)
Hepatitis B/therapy , Hepatitis D/therapy , Interferon-alpha/therapeutic use , Adjuvants, Immunologic/therapeutic use , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Follow-Up Studies , Hepatitis B/immunology , Hepatitis B Antibodies/analysis , Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/analysis , Hepatitis B e Antigens/analysis , Hepatitis D/immunology , Humans , Infant , Peptides/therapeutic use , Thymus Extracts/therapeutic use , Time FactorsSubject(s)
Hepatitis B/physiopathology , Acute Disease , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Chronic Disease , Humans , Infant , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
The paper is concerned with the time-course of changes in the HBsAg concentration in 31 patients with malignant hepatitis B. No relationship was discovered between the disease outcome and the HBsAg concentration. At the same time in lethal outcomes, the HBsAg concentration dropped significantly more swiftly as compared to that in convalescents. The disease outcome was established to be related to the characteristics such as pregnancy pathology, acute respiratory viral infection, intestinal infections, pyoinflammatory diseases as well as these diseases in combination.
Subject(s)
Hepatic Encephalopathy/etiology , Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/analysis , Hepatitis B/complications , Hepatic Encephalopathy/immunology , Hepatic Encephalopathy/mortality , Hepatitis B/immunology , Humans , Infant , Male , PrognosisSubject(s)
Hepatitis B/immunology , Hepatitis D/immunology , Hepatitis, Chronic/immunology , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Hepatitis Antibodies/analysis , Hepatitis B Antibodies/analysis , Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/analysis , Hepatitis B e Antigens/analysis , Hepatitis Delta Virus/immunology , Humans , Liver Cirrhosis/immunology , MaleABSTRACT
The paper is concerned with the results of hormonal studies on virus hepatitis in 84 children aged 2 to 14, of them 28 had a mild form of disease, 50--medium grave and 6--a severe form of disease. A study was made of the blood content of ACTH, STH, TSH, cortisol, aldosterone, T3, T4, prolactin, and alpha-fetoprotein. The hormones were determined by a radioimmunoassay using Sorin kits (France). A considerable increase in the blood content of ACTH, cortisol, aldosterone and a moderate increase in STH, TSH and T4 concentrations were noted at the height of virus hepatitis. The above changes were interpreted as a result of combined manifestation of a stress reaction and a decrease in the catabolism of some liver hormones. An assumption has been made of a possibility of the effect of late hormonal shifts on the outcome of virus hepatitis of development of chronic hepatitis.
