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1.
Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports ; 8: 28-34, 2017 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31014633

ABSTRACT

Benzimidazoles are the most common anthelminthic used for control of gastrointestinal nematodes of goats in the Brazilian semi-arid region. Resistance to these compounds in the nematode Haemonchus contortus has been associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in codons 167 (F167Y) and 200 (F200Y) on the ß-tubulin isotype 1 gene. To determine the resistance profile to benzimidazoles of populations of H. contortus of goats of Brazilian semi-arid region, larvae of 29 populations of these nematodes were individually genotyped by real time PCR using a Taqman assay. The percentage of larvae homozygous (RR) for SNP F200Y was relatively low (18.9%), particularly when compared to SNP F167Y (32.7%), indicating that the latter has more relevance in this region. However, the associations between these two SNP demonstrate percentages of resistance ranging from 34.7% to 100% between populations, being the highest percentages for homozygous individuals resistant for the mutation 167 and susceptible to mutation 200 (RR-F167Y/F200Y-SS: 26.7%), followed by combination of heterozygous for both mutations (F167Y-SR/F200Y-SR: 22.8%). These results indicate high levels of resistance in populations of H. contortus of goats in the Brazilian semi-arid region, and thus ineffective antiparasitic control with the use of benzimidazoles in the region.

2.
Rev Bras Parasitol Vet ; 24(3): 317-23, 2015.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26444062

ABSTRACT

Galectins and collectins are proteins classified in the lectin family that have the ability to recognize molecular patterns associated with pathogens. Studies on cattle have demonstrated high expression of these proteins during infection with gastrointestinal nematodes. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the level of Haemonchus contortus infection would alter the expression of galectins (Gal11 and Gal14) and collectins (SPA and CGN) in sheep. Twelve Corriedale sheep exposed to natural infection with nematodes were divided into two groups: group 1 (G1, n = 7) and group 2 (G2, n = 5), with low and high parasite burdens, respectively, based on fecal egg counts and abomasal parasite counts. The fecal egg counts and abomasal parasite counts were significantly different (p < 0.05) between the groups. Galectin and collectin gene expression was observed in all sheep abomasal samples. However, animals with lower infection levels showed lower expression of the genes Gal14, SPA and CGN (p < 0.05). Expression of lectins was associated with the abomasal H. contortus burden, thus suggesting that these proteins may have a role in controlling of this infection.


Subject(s)
Collectins/biosynthesis , Galectins/biosynthesis , Haemonchiasis/veterinary , Sheep Diseases/metabolism , Animals , Collectins/genetics , Female , Galectins/genetics , Gene Expression , Haemonchiasis/genetics , Haemonchiasis/metabolism , Haemonchus , Male , Sheep
3.
R. bras. Parasitol. Vet. ; 24(3): 317-323, jul.-set. 2015. tab, ilus
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: vti-23913

ABSTRACT

Galectins and collectins are proteins classified in the lectin family that have the ability to recognize molecular patterns associated with pathogens. Studies on cattle have demonstrated high expression of these proteins during infection with gastrointestinal nematodes. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the level of Haemonchus contortus infection would alter the expression of galectins (Gal11 and Gal14) and collectins (SPA and CGN) in sheep. Twelve Corriedale sheep exposed to natural infection with nematodes were divided into two groups: group 1 (G1, n = 7) and group 2 (G2, n = 5), with low and high parasite burdens, respectively, based on fecal egg counts and abomasal parasite counts. The fecal egg counts and abomasal parasite counts were significantly different (p 0.05) between the groups. Galectin and collectin gene expression was observed in all sheep abomasal samples. However, animals with lower infection levels showed lower expression of the genes Gal14, SPA and CGN (p 0.05). Expression of lectins was associated with the abomasal H. contortus burden, thus suggesting that these proteins may have a role in controlling of this infection.(AU)


Colectinas e galectinas são proteínas da família das lectinas que possuem a capacidade de reconhecer padrões moleculares associados aos patógenos. Estudos em bovinos têm demonstrado a alta expressão dessas proteínas durante a infecção por nematoides gastrintestinais. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar se o nível de infecção de Haemonchus contortus altera a expressão de colectinas (SPA e CGN) e galectinas (Gal11 e Gal14) de ovinos. Doze ovinos da raça Corriedale expostos a infecção natural com nematoides foram separados em dois grupos: grupo 1 (G1, n=7) com menor grau de parasitismo; e grupo 2 (G2, n=5) com maior grau, a partir da contagem do número de parasitos recuperados do abomaso e OPG. A contagem de OPG e de parasitos recuperados do abomaso dos grupos G1 e G2 apresentaram diferença estatística (p 0,05). A expressão dos genes de colectinas e galectina foi observada em todas as amostras de abomaso dos ovinos, porém animais com menor grau de infecção apresentaram menor expressão dos genes de Gal14, SPA e CGN (p 0,05). A expressão de lectinas foi associada ao número de H. contortus encontrados no abomaso de ovinos, indicando um possível papel dessas proteínas no controle da infecção.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Collectins/biosynthesis , Collectins/genetics , Galectins/biosynthesis , Galectins/genetics , Haemonchiasis/genetics , Haemonchiasis/metabolism , Haemonchiasis/veterinary , Sheep , Sheep Diseases/metabolism
4.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 24(3): 317-323, July-Sept. 2015. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-761131

ABSTRACT

Galectins and collectins are proteins classified in the lectin family that have the ability to recognize molecular patterns associated with pathogens. Studies on cattle have demonstrated high expression of these proteins during infection with gastrointestinal nematodes. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the level of Haemonchus contortus infection would alter the expression of galectins (Gal11 and Gal14) and collectins (SPA and CGN) in sheep. Twelve Corriedale sheep exposed to natural infection with nematodes were divided into two groups: group 1 (G1, n = 7) and group 2 (G2, n = 5), with low and high parasite burdens, respectively, based on fecal egg counts and abomasal parasite counts. The fecal egg counts and abomasal parasite counts were significantly different (p < 0.05) between the groups. Galectin and collectin gene expression was observed in all sheep abomasal samples. However, animals with lower infection levels showed lower expression of the genes Gal14, SPA and CGN (p < 0.05). Expression of lectins was associated with the abomasal H. contortus burden, thus suggesting that these proteins may have a role in controlling of this infection.


Colectinas e galectinas são proteínas da família das lectinas que possuem a capacidade de reconhecer padrões moleculares associados aos patógenos. Estudos em bovinos têm demonstrado a alta expressão dessas proteínas durante a infecção por nematoides gastrintestinais. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar se o nível de infecção de Haemonchus contortus altera a expressão de colectinas (SPA e CGN) e galectinas (Gal11 e Gal14) de ovinos. Doze ovinos da raça Corriedale expostos a infecção natural com nematoides foram separados em dois grupos: grupo 1 (G1, n=7) com menor grau de parasitismo; e grupo 2 (G2, n=5) com maior grau, a partir da contagem do número de parasitos recuperados do abomaso e OPG. A contagem de OPG e de parasitos recuperados do abomaso dos grupos G1 e G2 apresentaram diferença estatística (p<0,05). A expressão dos genes de colectinas e galectina foi observada em todas as amostras de abomaso dos ovinos, porém animais com menor grau de infecção apresentaram menor expressão dos genes de Gal14, SPA e CGN (p<0,05). A expressão de lectinas foi associada ao número de H. contortus encontrados no abomaso de ovinos, indicando um possível papel dessas proteínas no controle da infecção.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Sheep Diseases/metabolism , Collectins/biosynthesis , Galectins/biosynthesis , Haemonchiasis/veterinary , Sheep , Gene Expression , Collectins/genetics , Galectins/genetics , Haemonchiasis/genetics , Haemonchiasis/metabolism , Haemonchus
5.
Rev Bras Parasitol Vet ; 21(3): 232-6, 2012.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23070432

ABSTRACT

In this study, transplacental transmission of Neospora caninum in bitches at different stages of pregnancy was evaluated. Three bitches were inoculated in the 3rd week and three in the 6th week of gestation with 10(8) tachyzoites of N. caninum (Nc-1 strain). All the infected bitches and at least one of their offspring presented anti-N. caninum antibodies according to the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT > 400). The pups and their mothers were sacrificed and tissues from the central nervous system (CNS), popliteal lymph nodes, skeletal muscle, brain, lungs, heart and liver were analyzed for the presence of N. caninum using the nested polymerase chain reaction (nested PCR), restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The parasite was found in the pups in lymph node, CNS, heart and liver tissues using nested PCR. There was no difference in perinatal mortality between the offspring from bitches infected in the 3rd week of gestation (60%) and in the 6th week (53.8%).


Subject(s)
Coccidiosis/veterinary , Dog Diseases/parasitology , Neospora , Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic/veterinary , Animals , Coccidiosis/parasitology , Coccidiosis/transmission , Dogs , Female , Maternal-Fetal Exchange , Pregnancy
6.
R. bras. Parasitol. Vet. ; 21(3): 232-236, July-Sept. 2012. tab
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: vti-12623

ABSTRACT

In this study, transplacental transmission of Neospora caninum in bitches at different stages of pregnancy was evaluated. Three bitches were inoculated in the 3rd week and three in the 6th week of gestation with 10(8) tachyzoites of N. caninum (Nc-1 strain). All the infected bitches and at least one of their offspring presented anti-N. caninum antibodies according to the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT > 400). The pups and their mothers were sacrificed and tissues from the central nervous system (CNS), popliteal lymph nodes, skeletal muscle, brain, lungs, heart and liver were analyzed for the presence of N. caninum using the nested polymerase chain reaction (nested PCR), restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The parasite was found in the pups in lymph node, CNS, heart and liver tissues using nested PCR. There was no difference in perinatal mortality between the offspring from bitches infected in the 3rd week of gestation (60%) and in the 6th week (53.8%).(AU)


Neste estudo a transmissão transplacentária de Neospora caninum foi avaliada em fêmeas em diferentes estágios de gestação. Três cadelas foram inoculadas na 3ª semana e três na 6ª semana de gestação com 10(8) taquizoítos de N. caninum (cepa Nc-1). Todas as cadelas infectadas, e pelo menos um de seus filhotes, apresentaram anticorpos anti-N. caninum por imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI > 400). Os filhotes e suas mães foram sacrificados e tecidos de sistema nervoso central (SNC), linfonodo poplíteo, músculo esquelético, cérebro, pulmões, coração e fígado foram analisados para a presença de N. caninum pela reação em cadeia da polimerase (nested PCR), polimorfismo de comprimento de fragmentos de restrição (RFLP) e imunoistoquímica (IHQ). O parasita foi encontrado em filhotes em linfonodo, SNC, coração e fígado pela nested PCR. Mortalidade perinatal não apresentou diferença entre os filhotes das cadelas infectadas na 3ª semana (60%) ou na 6ª semana de gestação (53,8%).(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Pregnancy , Dogs , Coccidiosis/veterinary , Dog Diseases/parasitology , Neospora , Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic/veterinary , Coccidiosis/parasitology , Coccidiosis/transmission , Maternal-Fetal Exchange
7.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 21(3): 232-236, July-Sept. 2012. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-653710

ABSTRACT

In this study, transplacental transmission of Neospora caninum in bitches at different stages of pregnancy was evaluated. Three bitches were inoculated in the 3rd week and three in the 6th week of gestation with 10(8) tachyzoites of N. caninum (Nc-1 strain). All the infected bitches and at least one of their offspring presented anti-N. caninum antibodies according to the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT > 400). The pups and their mothers were sacrificed and tissues from the central nervous system (CNS), popliteal lymph nodes, skeletal muscle, brain, lungs, heart and liver were analyzed for the presence of N. caninum using the nested polymerase chain reaction (nested PCR), restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The parasite was found in the pups in lymph node, CNS, heart and liver tissues using nested PCR. There was no difference in perinatal mortality between the offspring from bitches infected in the 3rd week of gestation (60%) and in the 6th week (53.8%).


Neste estudo a transmissão transplacentária de Neospora caninum foi avaliada em fêmeas em diferentes estágios de gestação. Três cadelas foram inoculadas na 3ª semana e três na 6ª semana de gestação com 10(8) taquizoítos de N. caninum (cepa Nc-1). Todas as cadelas infectadas, e pelo menos um de seus filhotes, apresentaram anticorpos anti-N. caninum por imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI > 400). Os filhotes e suas mães foram sacrificados e tecidos de sistema nervoso central (SNC), linfonodo poplíteo, músculo esquelético, cérebro, pulmões, coração e fígado foram analisados para a presença de N. caninum pela reação em cadeia da polimerase (nested PCR), polimorfismo de comprimento de fragmentos de restrição (RFLP) e imunoistoquímica (IHQ). O parasita foi encontrado em filhotes em linfonodo, SNC, coração e fígado pela nested PCR. Mortalidade perinatal não apresentou diferença entre os filhotes das cadelas infectadas na 3ª semana (60%) ou na 6ª semana de gestação (53,8%).


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Female , Pregnancy , Coccidiosis/veterinary , Dog Diseases/parasitology , Neospora , Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic/veterinary , Coccidiosis/parasitology , Coccidiosis/transmission , Maternal-Fetal Exchange
8.
Rev Bras Parasitol Vet ; 19(4): 238-43, 2010.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21184701

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to diagnose experimental and natural Toxoplasma gondii infection in pigeons (Columba livia) by serological, biological and molecular techniques. Twelve pigeons, free of infection, were inoculated with 50 sporulated oocysts of T. gondii (VEG sample) and four remained uninfected controls. Four birds (three infected and one control) were euthanized at 15, 30, 45 and 60 days post-infection (dpi), and their tissues were used to perform a bioassay in mice and nested-PCR using B1 gene as target. Blood was obtained weekly and it was tested for the presence of anti-T. gondii antibodies by the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and modified agglutination test (MAT). Seven (58.3%) out of 12 inoculated pigeons were positive by serological techniques and titers ranged between 1:40 and 1:5120 by MAT and between 1:512 and 1:4096 by IFAT. Complete agreement was seen between the results obtained by serological techniques and nested-PCR in seven positive birds. In the bioassay in mice, five (41.7%) out of 12 pigeons inoculated were positive to T. gondii. Only one pigeon died at 23 dpi due to toxoplasmosis. A second study with free-living pigeons was performed for detection of anti-T. gondii antibodies. Birds were captured in the municipalities of São Paulo, Ibiúna and Sorocaba, São Paulo State, Southeastern Brazil. All 126 free-living birds were negative to anti-T. gondii antibodies by MAT (titer < 1:5). Bioassays were performed in mice with tissues from all captured birds and T. gondii was not isolated in any pigeon.


Subject(s)
Bird Diseases/diagnosis , Bird Diseases/parasitology , Columbidae , Toxoplasmosis, Animal/diagnosis , Animals , Antibodies, Protozoan/blood , Bird Diseases/blood , Molecular Diagnostic Techniques , Serologic Tests , Toxoplasma/immunology , Toxoplasmosis, Animal/blood
9.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 19(4): 237-243, Oct.-Dec. 2010. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-604678

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to diagnose experimental and natural Toxoplasma gondii infection in pigeons (Columba livia) by serological, biological and molecular techniques. Twelve pigeons, free of infection, were inoculated with 50 sporulated oocysts of T. gondii (VEG sample) and four remained uninfected controls. Four birds (three infected and one control) were euthanized at 15, 30, 45 and 60 days post-infection (dpi), and their tissues were used to perform a bioassay in mice and nested-PCR using B1 gene as target. Blood was obtained weekly and it was tested for the presence of anti-T. gondii antibodies by the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and modified agglutination test (MAT). Seven (58.3 percent) out of 12 inoculated pigeons were positive by serological techniques and titers ranged between 1:40 and 1:5120 by MAT and between 1:512 and 1:4096 by IFAT. Complete agreement was seen between the results obtained by serological techniques and nested-PCR in seven positive birds. In the bioassay in mice, five (41.7 percent) out of 12 pigeons inoculated were positive to T. gondii. Only one pigeon died at 23 dpi due to toxoplasmosis. A second study with free-living pigeons was performed for detection of anti-T. gondii antibodies. Birds were captured in the municipalities of São Paulo, Ibiúna and Sorocaba, São Paulo State, Southeastern Brazil. All 126 free-living birds were negative to anti-T. gondii antibodies by MAT (titer < 1:5). Bioassays were performed in mice with tissues from all captured birds and T. gondii was not isolated in any pigeon.


O presente estudo teve por objetivo diagnosticar a infecção experimental e natural pelo Toxoplasma gondii em pombos (Columba livia) por técnicas sorológicas, biológicas e moleculares. Doze pombos, livres de infecção, foram inoculados com 50 oocistos esporulados de T. gondii (amostra VEG), e quatro permaneceram como controles não infectados. Aos 15, 30, 45 e 60 dias pós-infecção (dpi), quatro aves (três infectadas e uma controle) foram sacrificadas e com seus tecidos realizou-se bioensaio em camundongos e nested-PCR, utilizando-se B1 como gene alvo. Sangue, para a pesquisa de anticorpos anti-T. gondii, foi obtido semanalmente, e a presença de anticorpos foi determinada pela reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI) e pela técnica de aglutinação modificada (MAT). Dos 12 pombos inoculados, sete (58,3 por cento) foram positivos pelas técnicas sorológicas, apresentando títulos que variaram de 40 a 5.120 no MAT e de 512 a 4.096 na RIFI. Concordância total foi observada entre os resultados obtidos pelas técnicas sorológicas e pela nested-PCR com sete animais positivos. No bioensaio em camundongos, dos 12 pombos inoculados, cinco (41,7 por cento) foram positivos ao T. gondii. Apenas um pombo veio a óbito no 23º dpi, devido à toxoplasmose. Um segundo estudo, com pombos de vida livre, foi realizado para a pesquisa de anticorpos anti-T. gondii. As aves foram capturadas nos municípios de São Paulo, Ibiúna e Sorocaba, Estado de São Paulo. Todos os 126 pombos de vida livre foram negativos a anticorpos anti-T. gondii, testados pelo MAT (título < 5). Foram realizados bioensaios em camundongos com tecidos de todas as aves capturadas e também, por esta técnica, T. gondii não foi isolado em nenhuma ave.


Subject(s)
Animals , Bird Diseases/diagnosis , Bird Diseases/parasitology , Columbidae , Toxoplasmosis, Animal/diagnosis , Antibodies, Protozoan/blood , Bird Diseases/blood , Molecular Diagnostic Techniques , Serologic Tests , Toxoplasma/immunology , Toxoplasmosis, Animal/blood
10.
Rev Bras Parasitol Vet ; 18(1): 8-14, 2009.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19500454

ABSTRACT

Neospora caninum is one of the main causes of abortion and natimortality in cattle. Host immune defense is capable to inhibit tachyzoite activity during acute infection, but there is no action against bradyzoites in tissue cysts. Activation and modulation of this response is controlled by cell mediators. The real-time RT-PCR technique was employed to detect some of those mediators during N. caninum infection. Holstein and Nelore calves intramuscularly infected with tachyzoites and uninfected controls were slaughtered at the sixth day post-infection and popliteal lymph node, liver and brain cortex samples were analyzed. Real-time RT-PCR detected gene expression in all tissues. No significant variation of GAPDH gene expression was detected among groups, its amplification efficiency was similar to the other genes tested and it was used as the endogenous control for the analysis. Comparisons between infected and uninfected groups allowed the relative gene expression quantification. IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha genes showed increased expression in some samples. iNOS and TGF-beta1 genes had some non-significant variations and IL-4 and IL-10 stayed practically unaltered.


Subject(s)
Coccidiosis/genetics , Coccidiosis/immunology , Gene Expression/immunology , Neospora , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Animals , Cattle , Time Factors
11.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 18(1): 8-14, Mar. 2009. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-606758

ABSTRACT

Neospora caninum é um dos principais agentes causadores de abortamentos e natimortalidade em bovinos. A defesa imune do hospedeiro é capaz de inibir a atividade dos taquizoítos na fase aguda da infecção, mas não age sobre os bradizoítos nos cistos teciduais. A ativação e a modulação dessa resposta de defesa são controladas por mediadores celulares. A técnica do RT-PCR em tempo real foi empregada para a detecção de alguns desses mediadores durante a infecção pelo N. caninum. Foram analisadas amostras de linfonodos poplíteos, fígado e córtex cerebral de bezerros Holandeses e Nelores infectados com taquizoítos por via intramuscular e controles não-infectados, abatidos no sexto dia pós-inoculação. A RT-PCR em tempo real detectou a expressão dos genes em todos os tecidos analisados. Não houve variação significativa na expressão do gene GADPH entre os grupos, a eficiência de amplificação desse foi similar aos demais genes testados e foi empregado como controle endógeno na análise. A comparação entre infectados e não-infectados permitiu a quantificação relativa da expressão gênica. A expressão dos genes IFN-γ e TNF-α apresentou elevação significante em algumas amostras. Os genes iNOS e TGF-β1 apresentaram algumas variações não-significativas e os valores de IL-4 e IL-10 permaneceram praticamente inalterados.


Neospora caninum is one of the main causes of abortion and natimortality in cattle. Host immune defense is capable to inhibit tachyzoite activity during acute infection, but there is no action against bradyzoites in tissue cysts. Activation and modulation of this response is controlled by cell mediators. The real-time RT-PCR technique was employed to detect some of those mediators during N. caninum infection. Holstein and Nelore calves intramuscularly infected with tachyzoites and uninfected controls were slaughtered at the sixth day post-infection and popliteal lymph node, liver and brain cortex samples were analyzed. Real-time RT-PCR detected gene expression in all tissues. No significant variation of GAPDH gene expression was detected among groups, its amplification efficiency was similar to the other genes tested and it was used as the endogenous control for the analysis. Comparisons between infected and uninfected groups allowed the relative gene expression quantification. IFN-γ and TNF-α genes showed increased expression in some samples. iNOS and TGF-β1 genes had some non-significant variations and IL-4 and IL-10 stayed pratically inaltered.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Coccidiosis/genetics , Coccidiosis/immunology , Gene Expression/immunology , Neospora , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Time Factors
12.
Braz. j. vet. res. anim. sci ; 46(5): 395-399, 2009. tab
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: vti-5034

ABSTRACT

Neospora caninum has been described as an important cause of abortion in bovine worldwide. The objective of the present study was to characterize patterns of antibody dynamics during gestation in dairy cows naturally infected with N. caninum. Twelve N. caninum naturally infected cows were selected from four dairy herds from Brazil and blood samples were monthly collected during pregnancy. Serum were tested for antibodies against N. caninum by Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test (IFAT). During this period, all cows remained clinically normal and gave birth to healthy calves. The cows remained seropositives during the study and N. caninum IFAT titers ranged from 100 to 12,800; only animal 234 presented one negative result in the first month of pregnancy. Significant differences of N. caninum IFAT titers were found between months from 1 to 9 of pregnancy bythe Friedman Test (P<0.001). The statistical analysis showed an increase of N. caninum antibody titers from second and third trimester of pregnancy in relation to first trimester. High titers were observed in few cows after month fifth of pregnancy. This study showed a variation of specific antibody levels in seropositive cows during different gestational periods. The highest values were observed during the second and third trimester. The antibody increase after the fifth month of gestation was not associated to abortion.(AU)


Neospora caninum é descrito como uma importante causa de abortamento em bovinos por todo o mundo. O objetivo do presente estudo foi caracterizar o padrão da dinâmica de anticorpos durante a gestação em vacas leiteiras infectadas naturalmente por N. caninum. Doze vacas gestantes infectadas naturalmente com N.caninum foram selecionadas de quatro rebanhos leiteiros do Brasil e amostras de sangue foram mensalmente colhidas da concepção até o parto das vacas. Soros foram testados para anticorpos contra N. caninum pela reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI). Durante a gestação, todas as vacas permaneceram clinicamente normais e geraram bezerros saudáveis. As vacas permaneceram soropositivas durante o estudo e títulos de anticorpos anti-N.caninum variaram de 100 a 12.800; somente o animal 234 apresentou um resultado negativo no primeiro mês de gestação. Diferenças significativas dos títulos da RIFI para N. caninum foram encontradas entre os meses de 1 a 9 de gestação pelo Teste de Friedman (P<0,001). As análises estatísticas mostraram um aumento dos títulos de anticorpos anti-N. caninum no segundo e terceiro trimestre de gestação em relação ao primeiro trimestre. Altos títulos de anticorpos foram observados em algumas vacas após o mês cinco de gestação. Este estudo mostrou variação dos níveis de anticorpos em vacas soropositivas durante diferentes períodos gestacionais. Altos títulos foram observados durante o segundo e terceiro trimestre e o aumento dos títulos de anticorpos após o quinto mês de gestação não foi associado a abortamentos.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Neospora/isolation & purification , Antibodies/adverse effects , Pregnancy, Animal , Cattle
13.
Braz. j. vet. res. anim. sci ; 46(5): 395-399, 2009. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-538432

ABSTRACT

Neospora caninum has been described as an important cause of abortion in bovine worldwide. The objective of the present study was to characterize patterns of antibody dynamics during gestation in dairy cows naturally infected with N. caninum. Twelve N. caninum naturally infected cows were selected from four dairy herds from Brazil and blood samples were monthly collected during pregnancy. Serum were tested for antibodies against N. caninum by Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test (IFAT). During this period, all cows remained clinically normal and gave birth to healthy calves. The cows remained seropositives during the study and N. caninum IFAT titers ranged from 100 to 12,800; only animal 234 presented one negative result in the first month of pregnancy. Significant differences of N. caninum IFAT titers were found between months from 1 to 9 of pregnancy bythe Friedman Test (P<0.001). The statistical analysis showed an increase of N. caninum antibody titers from second and third trimester of pregnancy in relation to first trimester. High titers were observed in few cows after month fifth of pregnancy. This study showed a variation of specific antibody levels in seropositive cows during different gestational periods. The highest values were observed during the second and third trimester. The antibody increase after the fifth month of gestation was not associated to abortion.


Neospora caninum é descrito como uma importante causa de abortamento em bovinos por todo o mundo. O objetivo do presente estudo foi caracterizar o padrão da dinâmica de anticorpos durante a gestação em vacas leiteiras infectadas naturalmente por N. caninum. Doze vacas gestantes infectadas naturalmente com N.caninum foram selecionadas de quatro rebanhos leiteiros do Brasil e amostras de sangue foram mensalmente colhidas da concepção até o parto das vacas. Soros foram testados para anticorpos contra N. caninum pela reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI). Durante a gestação, todas as vacas permaneceram clinicamente normais e geraram bezerros saudáveis. As vacas permaneceram soropositivas durante o estudo e títulos de anticorpos anti-N.caninum variaram de 100 a 12.800; somente o animal 234 apresentou um resultado negativo no primeiro mês de gestação. Diferenças significativas dos títulos da RIFI para N. caninum foram encontradas entre os meses de 1 a 9 de gestação pelo Teste de Friedman (P<0,001). As análises estatísticas mostraram um aumento dos títulos de anticorpos anti-N. caninum no segundo e terceiro trimestre de gestação em relação ao primeiro trimestre. Altos títulos de anticorpos foram observados em algumas vacas após o mês cinco de gestação. Este estudo mostrou variação dos níveis de anticorpos em vacas soropositivas durante diferentes períodos gestacionais. Altos títulos foram observados durante o segundo e terceiro trimestre e o aumento dos títulos de anticorpos após o quinto mês de gestação não foi associado a abortamentos.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Pregnancy , Cattle , Antibodies, Protozoan/blood , Coccidiosis/veterinary , Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic/veterinary , Cattle Diseases/immunology , Cattle Diseases/parasitology , Neospora/immunology , Abortion, Veterinary/immunology , Coccidiosis/immunology , Coccidiosis/blood , Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic/immunology , Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic/blood , Cattle Diseases/blood , Neospora/isolation & purification
14.
Braz. j. vet. res. anim. sci ; 39(2): 107-110, 2002. graf
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-2502

ABSTRACT

Dois experimentos foram realizados para se conhecer a dinâmica dos anticorpos séricos (IgG) em bezerros após infecção com Haemonchus placei. No Experimento 1 estudou-se os níveis de IgG ao longo da primeira e segunda infecção. No Experimento 2 a influência de diferentes níveis protéicos da dieta e a resposta à infecção, medida através dos níveis de IgG séricos, foi observada em bezerros imunizados e não imunizados, através de infecções sucessivas e experimentalmente desafiados com L3 de H. placei. Observou-se que os bezerros infectados desenvolveram resistência a reinfecções, com acentuado decréscimo nos valores de ovos por grama de fezes (OPG) na segunda infecção. Entretanto, nesse mesmo período, os níveis de IgG séricos mantiveram-se elevados, independentes do decréscimo do OPG. Observou-se também que bezerros submetidos a dieta protéica adequada apresentaram maior produção de IgG sérico, sugerindo uma melhor resposta às infecções quando comparados aos submetidos a dietas com níveis protéicos mais baixos.(AU)


Two experiments were conducted to determine the serum antibody (IgG) dynamic in calves infected with Haemonchus placei. At Experiment 1, the IgG level during the first and second experimental infection were measured and at Experiment 2, the influence of dietary protein and immunization on IgG levels. The calves were immunized using successive H. placei infection truncated by the use of anthelmintic and challenged with 100,000 L3. The infected calves developed a high level of protection, with a significant reduction on fecal egg counts (EPG) at the second infection. However, at the same period, the IgG values continue to presented high levels, independent of the EPG decrease. It was also observed that calves submitted to an adequate protein diet presented a higher IgG level, suggesting an influence on immune response to the infection when compared to the low protein diet calves.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Haemonchus
15.
Braz. j. vet. res. anim. sci ; 39(2): 107-110, 2002. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-337875

ABSTRACT

Dois experimentos foram realizados para se conhecer a dinâmica dos anticorpos séricos (IgG) em bezerros após infecçäo com Haemonchus placei. No Experimento 1 estudou-se os níveis de IgG ao longo da primeira e segunda infecçäo. No Experimento 2 a influência de diferentes níveis protéicos da dieta e a resposta à infecçäo, medida através dos níveis de IgG séricos, foi observada em bezerros imunizados e näo imunizados, através de infecções sucessivas e experimentalmente desafiados com L3 de H. placei. Observou-se que os bezerros infectados desenvolveram resistência a reinfecções, com acentuado decréscimo nos valores de ovos por grama de fezes (OPG) na segunda infecçäo. Entretanto, nesse mesmo período, os níveis de IgG séricos mantiveram-se elevados, independentes do decréscimo do OPG. Observou-se também que bezerros submetidos a dieta protéica adequada apresentaram maior produçäo de IgG sérico, sugerindo uma melhor resposta às infecções quando comparados aos submetidos a dietas com níveis protéicos mais baixos


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Haemonchus
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