ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) is an independent prognostic marker in patients with heart failure (HF). Therefore, its relevance to the treatment of HF patients is unquestionable. OBJECTIVES: In this study, we investigated the effects of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) on MSNA response at rest and during exercise in patients with advanced HF. METHODS: We assessed 11 HF patients (51 ± 3.4 years; New York Heart Association class III-IV; left ventricular ejection fraction 27.8 ± 2.2%; optimal medical therapy) submitted to CRT. Evaluations were made prior to and 3 months after CRT. MSNA was performed at rest and during moderate static exercise (handgrip). Peak oxygen consumption (VO2 ) was evaluated by means of cardiopulmonary exercise test. HF patients with advanced NYHA class without CRT and healthy individuals were also studied. RESULTS: CRT reduced MSNA at rest (48.9 ± 11.1 bursts/min vs 33.7 ± 15.3 bursts/min, P < 0.05) and during handgrip exercise (MSNA 62.3 ± 13.1 bursts/min vs 46.9 ± 14.3 bursts/min, P < 0.05). Among HF patients submitted to CRT, the peak VO2 increased (12.9 ± 2.8 mL/kg/min vs 16.5 ± 3.9 mL/kg/min, P < 0.05) and an inverse correlation between peak VO2 and resting MSNA (r = -0.74, P = 0.01) was observed. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with advanced HF and severe systolic dysfunction: (1) a significant reduction of MSNA (at rest and during handgrip) occurred after CRT, and this behavior was significantly superior to HF patients receiving only medical therapy; (2) MSNA reduction after CRT had an inverse correlation with O2 consumption outcomes.
Subject(s)
Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy , Exercise Tolerance , Heart Failure/prevention & control , Heart Failure/physiopathology , Isometric Contraction , Muscle, Skeletal/physiopathology , Oxygen Consumption , Action Potentials , Adult , Blood Pressure , Exercise Test , Female , Heart Rate , Humans , Middle Aged , Muscle Strength , Muscle, Skeletal/innervationABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Imaging with (123)I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) is used for the assessment of cardiac sympathetic activity (CSA). We analyzed CSA before and after cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), and correlated these data with CRT response. METHODS AND RESULTS: Thirty patients with chronic heart failure and classic indications for CRT were prospectively studied before and at least 3 months after CRT. The variables analyzed were: QRS width, left-ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left-ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), heart/mediastinum MIBG uptake ratio (H/M), and washout rate (WR). After CRT, patients were divided into two groups: group 1 (21 patients), responders improving to functional class (FC) I or II; and group 2 (9 patients), nonresponders remaining in FC III or IV. After CRT, only group 1 showed favorable changes in QRS width (P =.003), LVEF (P =.01), LVEDD (P =.04), and H/M ratio (P =.003). The H/M ratio and WR were associated with CRT response (P =.005 and P =.04, respectively). The H/M ratio was the only independent predictor of CRT response (P =.01). Receiver operating characteristic curves showed that the optimal H/M ratio cutoff point was 1.36 (sensitivity, 75%; specificity, 71%). CONCLUSIONS: Improvement in CSA correlated with a positive CRT response. Lower MIBG uptake before therapy was associated with CRT nonresponse. The H/M ratio could be helpful in selecting patients for CRT.
Subject(s)
3-Iodobenzylguanidine , Autonomic Nervous System Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Autonomic Nervous System Diseases/therapy , Cardiac Output, Low/diagnostic imaging , Cardiac Output, Low/prevention & control , Cardiac Pacing, Artificial/methods , Sympathetic Nervous System/physiopathology , Adult , Autonomic Nervous System Diseases/complications , Cardiac Output, Low/etiology , Female , Humans , Male , Prognosis , Radionuclide Imaging , Radiopharmaceuticals , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Identificar marcadores de melhora clínica no subgrupo de pacientes com bloqueio completo de ramo esquerdo (BRE) da coorte submetida a ressincronização cardíaca (RC) no InCor-SP do HCFMUSP. Material e método: Foram analisadas características clínicas e epidemiológicas prospectivas de 121 pacientes com IC e BRE submetidos a RC. O critério de melhora clínica foi a redução de pelo menos duas classes funcionais (CF-NYHA) durante acompanhamento mínimo de seis meses. As variáveis analisadas pré e pós RC para comparação do comportamento dos grupos foram: CF-NYHA, sexo, idade, drogas, cardiopatia de base, ritmo cardíaco de base, BRE espontâneo X BRE induzido por marcapasso (troca de sistema ou primeiro implante), diâmetro diastólico final do ventrículo esquerdo (DdVE) e fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo (FEVE - ecocardiograma). A análise estatística foi realizada por meio dos testes de Qui-Quadrado, exato de Fisher e regressão logística de Cox. Resultados: Houve redução de duas CF em 36 por cento dos pacientes e de uma CF em 54 por cento (inalterada em 10 por cento). Associaram-se à redução significativa da CF (análise univariada) o ritmo sinusal (p igual a 0,023), BRE espontâneo (p igual a 0,035), cardiomiopatia dilatada (CMD) (p igual a 0,03), não uso de amiodarona (p igual a 0,003) DdVE (p igual a 0,044). DdVE e CMD foram preditores independentes de melhora clínica (análise múltipla). conclusões: 1. A melhora clínica foi maior em pacientes com BRE espontâneo em relação ao BRE induzido. 2. As medidas dio DdVE e CMD discriminaram subgrupos de resposta clínica satisfatória (seguimento tardio) e foram preditores independentes deste comportamento.
