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1.
Phys Rev E ; 100(1-1): 012608, 2019 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31499847

ABSTRACT

Particle dispersions provide a promising tool for the engineering of functional materials that exploit self-assembly of complex structures. Dispersion made from magnetic colloidal particles is a great choice; they are biocompatible and remotely controllable among many other advantages. However, their dominating dipolar interaction typically limits structural complexity to linear arrangements. This paper shows how a magnetostatic equilibrium state with noncollinear arrangement of the magnetic moments, as reported for ferromagnetic Janus particles, enables the controlled self-organization of diverse structures in two dimensions via constant and low-frequency external magnetic fields. Branched clusters of staggered chains, compact clusters, linear chains, and dispersed single particles can be formed and interconverted reversibly in a controlled way. The structural diversity is a consequence of both the inhomogeneity and the spatial extension of the magnetization distribution inside the particles. We draw this conclusion from calculations based on a model of spheres with multiple shifted dipoles. The results demonstrate that fundamentally new possibilities for responsive magnetic materials can arise from interactions between particles with a spatially extended, anisotropic magnetization distribution.

2.
PLoS One ; 12(6): e0178951, 2017.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28582457

ABSTRACT

OGUMI is an Android-based open source mobile application for conducting Common-Pool Resource Experiments, Choice Experiments, and Questionnaires in the field, in the laboratory, and online. A main feature of OGUMI is its capacity to capture real-time changes in human behaviour in response to a dynamically varying resource. OGUMI is simple (for example, likewise other existing software, it does not require expertise in behavioural game theory), stable, and extremely flexible with respect to the user-resource model running in the background. Here we present the motivation for the development of OGUMI and we discuss its main features with an example application.


Subject(s)
Applied Behavior Analysis/instrumentation , Mobile Applications , User-Computer Interface , Humans , Internet
3.
J Phys Condens Matter ; 29(12): 125801, 2017 Mar 29.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28106005

ABSTRACT

The magnetic modification of exchange bias materials by 'ion bombardment induced magnetic patterning' has been established more than a decade ago. To understand these experimental findings several theoretical models were introduced. Few investigations, however, did focus on magnetic property modifications caused by effects of ion bombardment in the ferromagnetic layer. In the present study, the structural changes occurring under ion bombardment were investigated by Monte-Carlo simulations and in experiments. A strong reduction of the saturation magnetization scaling linearly with increasing ion doses is observed and our findings suggest that it is correlated to the swelling of the layer material based on helium implantation and vacancy creation.

4.
Nanotechnology ; 26(20): 205302, 2015 May 22.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25927344

ABSTRACT

Nanosecond pulsed two-beam laser interference is used to generate two-dimensional temperature patterns on a magnetic thin film sample. We show that the original domain structure of a [Co/Pd] multilayer thin film changes drastically upon exceeding the Curie temperature by thermal demagnetization. At even higher temperatures the multilayer system is irreversibly changed. In this area no out-of-plane magnetization can be found before and after a subsequent ac-demagnetization. These findings are supported by numerical simulations using the Landau-Lifshitz-Bloch formalism which shows the importance of defect sites and anisotropy changes to model the experiments. Thus, a one-dimensional temperature pattern can be transferred into a magnetic stripe pattern. In this way one can produce magnetic nanowire arrays with lateral dimensions of the order of 100 nm. Typical patterned areas are in the range of several square millimeters. Hence, the parallel direct laser interference patterning method of magnetic thin films is an attractive alternative to the conventional serial electron beam writing of magnetic nanostructures.

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