ABSTRACT
Neighteen Mbororo zebu herds were monitored to evaluate the impact of a trapping campaign against Glossina fuscipes fuscipes restricted to the watering places. This programme is part of the strategy of an integrated campaign against bovine trypanosomoses in the Central African Republic. Trapping reduces the densities of G. f. fuscipes and causes trypanosome prevalence to fall. These effects are shown by the improved hematocrit values and the reduced number of trypanocidal treatments administered. The impact on productivity is more difficult to assess over a short period; nevertheless, it seems clear from the parameters calculated.
Subject(s)
Insect Control , Trypanosomiasis, Bovine/prevention & control , Tsetse Flies , Animals , Cattle , Central African Republic , Program EvaluationABSTRACT
The susceptibility of pregnant female Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood, 1850 infected with Trypanosoma (Nannomonas) congolense Broden, 1904 to deltamethrin, a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide, was compared to that of pregnant uninfected females. The results showed that infected flies have a significantly higher mortality rate than uninfected ones, and have a reduced longevity compared with uninfected control flies. These experiments suggest that the effects of trypanosome infection on Glossina should be further evaluated.
Subject(s)
Insecticides/pharmacology , Pyrethrins/pharmacology , Trypanosoma congolense/physiology , Tsetse Flies/drug effects , Animals , Female , Insect Control , Nitriles , Pregnancy , Risk , Time Factors , Tsetse Flies/parasitologyABSTRACT
The presence of Trypanosoma in Glossina morsitans morsitans induced a decrease in the physiological activity which is expressed in particular by a statistically higher mortality rate of infected flies. A similar effect appears with sublethal doses of deltamethrin either in infected or non infected insects. A cumulative activity of both effects was also observed in infected and treated flies. Sublethal doses of the pyrethroid compound showed a delay in feeding, abortions and larval clampings. Moreover, deltamethrin demonstrated an intravectorial effect against Trypanosoma which can reduce the transmission ability of flies.
Subject(s)
Pyrethrins/pharmacology , Trypanosoma congolense/drug effects , Tsetse Flies/parasitology , Animals , Eating/drug effects , Insect Vectors , Larva/drug effects , Larva/physiology , Nitriles , Reproduction/drug effects , Trypanosoma congolense/physiology , Trypanosomiasis, African/transmission , Tsetse Flies/drug effects , Tsetse Flies/physiologyABSTRACT
This preliminary note results from a comparative study on susceptibility to pyrethroid insecticides of tsetse flies infected and not with trypanosomes. Trypanosoma infection increases the susceptibility to insecticides as previous study showed it (Golder et al., 1982, 1984). Moreover, infected control flies showed a significant lower longevity than uninfected ones.
