Finite Element Analysis of Plastic Deformation in Ultrasonic Vibration Superimposed Face Milling of Steel X46Cr13.

Ultrasonic vibration superimposed face milling enables the generation of predefined surface microstructures by an appropriate setting of the process parameters. The geometrical reproducibility of the surface characteristics depends strongly on the plastic material deformation. Thus, the precise prediction of the emerging surface microstructures using kinematic simulation models is limited, because they ignore the influence of material flow. Consequently, the effects of plastic as well as elastic deformation are investigated in depth by finite element analysis. Microstructured surfaces resulting from these numerical models are characterized quantitatively by areal surface parameters and compared to those from a kinematical simulation and a real machined surface. A high degree of conformity between the values of the simulated surfaces and the measured values is achieved, particularly with regard to material distribution. Deficits in predictability exist primarily due to deviations in plastic deformation. Future research can address this, either by implementing a temperature consideration or adapting specific modeling aspects like an adjusted depth of cut or experimental validated material parameters.

Clinical applications of the T-Scan quantitative digital occlusal analysis technology: a systematic review.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM: Occlusion is associated with all disciplines of dentistry and plays a major role in the longevity of both implant- and tooth-borne restorations. Achieving occlusal harmony ensures balance is established between the dental and myofascial structures, which can be measurably established to high numerical tolerances with the T-Scan digital occlusal analysis system. PURPOSE: To describe and evaluate the known and proven applications of T-Scan digital occlusal analysis in various dental practice disciplines through a systematic review of the literature. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An electronic, English-language PubMed/MEDLINE and Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials database search using the keywords "T-Scan," "TMD," "Occlusion," "Implant Protected Occlusion," and "Orthodontics" was conducted without any date restrictions. The related journal findings were hand searched to determine studies that met the eligibility criteria for inclusion in the present systematic review. RESULTS: The PubMed/MEDLINE search identified 423 articles. After removing duplicates, the titles and abstracts of the remaining 421 studies were screened. 274 ineligible articles were excluded, leaving 147 articles. Of those, 33 articles were not in English, 27 full-text articles were not available, 4 were comments and letters to editors, 1 was a review, and 2 described techniques. A total of 86 articles met the eligibility criteria for inclusion. CONCLUSION: Much scientific evidence supports the use of T-Scan, as it measures relative occlusal contact forces and the time sequence durations of occlusal contacts objectively, accurately, and repeatedly for improved treatment outcomes. The system's hardware, sensor, and software evolution from T-Scan I to today's T-Scan 10 Novus system has overcome early sensor and system drawbacks to improve the clinical performance of T-Scan in many disciplines of dental medicine.

Bite force evaluation at maximal intercuspal position: An in vivo comparative study between stainless steel and zirconia crowns on primary molar teeth.

Objective: The objective of this study was to clinically evaluate and compare the mean bite force changes at maximum intercuspal position, along with parental satisfaction following full crown restoration using stainless steel crown/zirconia crown on primary molar teeth using digital occlusal analysis system T-Scan III (Tekscan Corp, Boston, Mass., USA). Materials and Methods: Thirty-six primary molars of children aged 6-9 years with pulpal involvement were selected for the study. The selected teeth were allocated to either of the two groups using simple random sampling technique: Group A = stainless steel crowned teeth and Group B = zirconia crowned teeth. The mean bite force was recorded before the placement of the crown, after the placement of the crown, and after 1 month-follow-up. The inter-group and intra-group comparison was done among the groups. After the placement of the crown, parents were asked to fill out a questionnaire for assessing parental satisfaction. Results: A significant result in the bite force on crowned tooth, vertical dimension was seen from baseline to 1-month follow-up between the SSC and zirconia groups. In the zirconia crown group, the mean bite force was more compared to the stainless steel crown group. Parents' satisfaction was higher with zirconia crown in terms of color and esthetics. Conclusion: SSC is more acceptable than zirconia crown since occlusal re-equilibration was attained better in SSC as compared to zirconia crown.

Do antihypertensive medications have an effect on dental implants? A systematic review.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this systematic review was to compare the clinical outcomes of dental implants in users of antihypertensive medication with those of nonusers. METHODS: This systematic review followed the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses and was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews under the number CRD42022319336. The electronic databases Medline (PubMed) and Central Cochrane were searched for relevant scientific literature published in English through May 2022. The focused question was, "Do patients taking antihypertensive medications have a similar impact on the clinical outcome and survival of dental implants compared with nonusers?". RESULTS: A total of 49 articles were found, of which 3 articles were finally selected for a qualitative synthesis. The three studies included 959 patients. In all three studies, the commonly used medication was renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors. Two studies mentioned implant survival rate, which was 99.4% in antihypertensive medication users and 96.1% in the nonusers. One study found a higher implant stability quotient (ISQ) in patients taking antihypertensive medication (75.7 ± 5.9) compared with patients not taking antihypertensive medication (73.7 ± 8.1). CONCLUSIONS: The limited available evidence showed that patient taking antihypertensive medications had comparable success rate and implant stability to patients not taking medications. The studies included patients taking different antihypertensive medications, so a drug-specific conclusion regarding the clinical outcome of dental implants is not possible. Further studies are needed, including patients taking certain antihypertensive medications, to determine their effects on dental implants.

Simplified Zygomatic Implant Perforated (Zip) Flap for Rehabilitation in Low Level Maxillary Defects.

Rehabilitation in Low level maxillectomy cases has plethora of options right from local flaps to microvascular flaps. Subsequent to flap surgery, a maxillary dental rehabilitation can be demanding and a fixed or removable prosthesis is obligatory to provide them with near-normal function and aesthetics. Unlike the original ZIP flaps which were dedicated to microvascular flaps, we present here our unique experience with ZIP-Temporalis flap specifically for rehabilitation for patients of CAM (covid associated mucormycosis), its methods, advantages and limitations.

Marginal Gap and Internal Fit of Fixed Dental Prostheses Fabricated Using Intraoral vs Extraoral Scanning: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

PURPOSE: To compare the marginal gap and internal fit of fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) fabricated using intraoral vs extraoral scanning methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MEDLINE/PubMed and the Cochrane database were searched. The focused PICO question was: For the fabrication of FDPs, does an intraoral scanning technique result in a different marginal gap than an extraoral scanning technique? The secondary outcome assessed was internal fit. Studies were selected based on the inclusion criteria, and a meta-analysis was performed. RESULTS: A total of 14 studies (10 in vitro and 4 in vivo) were included in the meta-analysis. Marginal gap in single crowns was evaluated in 5 studies, copings for single crowns in 5 studies, three-unit FDPs in 3 studies, and both single-crown and three-unit FDPs in 1 study. Significantly lower marginal gap was found with intraoral scanning compared to impression scanning (P < .001) and cast scanning (P < .001), and for impression scanning compared to cast scanning (P = .037). Internal fit was superior with intraoral scanning compared to impression scanning, and this difference was significant (P < .001). No significant differences were found in internal fit with cast scanning compared to intraoral or impression scanning. The mean marginal gap/internal fit was 188.3 µm/146.2 µm with intraoral scanning, 116.29 µm/168.2 µm with impression scanning, and 195.1 µm/229.1 µm with cast scanning. CONCLUSION: Marginal gap was lower with intraoral scanning than with impression scanning and cast scanning. Impression scanning showed less marginal gap than cast scanning. Internal fit with intraoral scanning was superior to impression scanning, but when compared to cast scanning, no difference was found.

The Role of Biologics in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Narrative Review.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory joint disease that can cause cartilage and bone damage as well as a disability. Various cytokines play an essential role in disease formation such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-17, and macrophages; osteoclast is also activated by the cytokines, which cause bone degradation. Early diagnosis is key to optimal therapeutic success, particularly in patients with well-characterized risk factors for poor outcomes such as high disease activity, presence of autoantibodies, and early joint damage. Treatment algorithms involve measuring disease activity with composite indices, applying a treatment-to-target strategy, and using conventional, biological, and new non-biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. After the treatment target of stringent remission (or at least low disease activity) is maintained, dose reduction should be attempted. Although the prospects for most patients are now favorable, many still do not respond to current therapies. The biologics have changed the disease progression over the past few decades, such as TNF-alpha inhibitors (infliximab, etanercept, adalimumab, golimumab, certolizumab), IL-1 inhibitors (anakinra), IL-6 inhibitors (tocilizumab), CD20 inhibitors (rituximab), and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated antigen (CTLA)-4 inhibitors (abatacept). In treatment with biologics, only little is known if "biologic-free" remission is possible in patients with sustained remission following intensive biological therapy. Infliximab and etanercept, in the long run, develop the drug antibody. This article has reviewed the action of the cytokine on joints and biological drug's action in blocking the cytokine degradation effect, benefits of biologics, and adverse effects in the long and short term. They are also effective alone or in combination with other drugs.

Identifying phenotypes of obstructive sleep apnea using cluster analysis.

PURPOSE: Over the last decade, advances in understanding the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, systemic consequences and treatment responses in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) have made individualised OSA management plausible. As the first step in this direction, this study was undertaken to identify OSA phenotypes. METHODS: Patients diagnosed with OSA on level 1 polysomnography (PSG) were included. Clinical and co-morbidity profile, anthropometry and sleepiness scores were compiled. On PSG, apnea-hypopnea index, positional indices, sleep stages and desaturation indices (T90) were tabulated. Cluster analysis was performed to identify distinct phenotypes among included patients with OSA. RESULTS: One hundred patients (66 males) with a mean age of 49.5 ± 13.3 years were included. Snoring was reported by 94% subjects, and 50% were excessively sleepy. Two-thirds of subjects had co-morbidities, the most frequent being hypertension (55%) and dyslipidemia (53%). Severe OSA was diagnosed on PSG in 42%, while 29% each had mild and moderate OSA, respectively. On cluster analysis, 3 distinct clusters emerged. Cluster 1 consisted of older, obese subjects with no gender predilection, higher neck circumference, severe OSA with more co-morbidities and higher T90. Cluster 2 comprised of younger, less obese males with snoring, witnessed apnea, moderate and supine predominant OSA. Cluster 3 consisted of middle-aged, obese males with lesser co-morbidities, mild OSA and lower T90. CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed three OSA clusters with distinct demographic, anthropometric and PSG features. Further research with bigger sample size and additional parameters may pave the way for characterising distinct phenotypes and individualising OSA management.

Orbital Chordoid Meningioma.

Chordoid meningioma, classified as WHO grade II, are rare tumors comprising only 0.5% of all meningiomas. Chordoid meningioma is an aggressive tumor with high local recurrence. Orbital chordoid meningioma is a much rare entity with very few cases reported in the literature. We report a case of a 77-year-old male who presented with a painless progressive swelling over the right lateral orbital wall.

Hybrid tracer - A modified novel extra oral tracer.

Introduction: Gothic arch Tracing has been a common modality in the recording of centric jaw relation. There has been two ways of recording the gothic tracing. They are extra oral and intra oral tracing. Among the extra oral tracers hight tracers are the most used tracers. Aim: Intra-oral and extra-oral tracers have a number of individual advantages and limitations. With the idea to overcome the short comings of both the tracers, hybrid tracers were made. Hybrid tracers could be a good alternative to the Hight-tracer in recording centric relation and can provide better clinical and teaching experience to the students. Methodology: The hybrid tracer is a two-component assembly, upper and lower component. The upper component has a central bearing plate and stylus in continuation with the central bearing plate. The lower component has central bearing device with three central bearing points one anteriorly and two posteriorly, and it has a tracing platform (15 × 35 mm) in continuation with the central bearing device. The length of these upper and lower components ismade to confine within the incisal rod of semi adjustable articulator. Result: hybrid tracers showed more accuracy while recording the centric jaw relation. There was more stability and equalization of pressure during the movement due to a tripod effect of three screws. Hence it provided more precise recording and being less technique sensitive. It was also more comfortable and acceptable by the patient. Conclusion: hybrid tracers hence will provide more accuracy and precision in recording of horizontal jaw relation. This will in turn help in fabricating a successful prosthesis and enhance the well-being of the patient. This tracer will also be significant in institutions for educational purpose. Clinical implication: Hybrid tracers are simple, non-technique sensitive, provide balance, equalization of pressure, stabilize the occlusal rims well, are close to the centre of rotation providing precise record and provide easy access and visibility to the operator which will help the operator in guiding the patient well for a correct jaw relation.

Vinculum of Cardiovascular Disease and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Narrative Review.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), comprising of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CrD), is a chronic relapsing-remitting inflammation of the bowel with extraintestinal involvement. Numerous studies published in the last decade have underlined the dangerous cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes of IBD, such as ischemic heart disease, heart failure, and stroke, and the need for better therapeutic and prognostic strategies. This article elucidated the pathological web of mechanisms that link IBD with CVD, such as immune dysregulation, endothelial dysfunction, arterial stiffness, and dysbiosis, with a comprehensive review of clinical studies standing for and against the notion in pediatric and adult populations. The current treatment and prevention aim at disease remission and dietary strategies shown to reduce the CVD risk. Exploration of other supplemental preventive and treatment methods, especially during active flares of disease, to reduce the risk of arterial thromboembolic disease (ATED) is the need of the hour.

Numerical Investigation of Aerosolization in the Venturi Dustiness Tester: Aerodynamics of a Particle on a Hill.

Understanding particle detachment from surfaces is necessary to better characterize dust generation and entrainment. Previous work has studied the detachment of particles from flat surfaces. The present work generalizes this to investigate the aerodynamics of a particle attached to various locations on a model hill. The present work serves as a model for dust aerosolization in a tube, as powder is injected into the Venturi Dustiness Tester. The particle is represented as a sphere in a parallel plate channel, or, in two dimensions, as a cylinder oriented perpendicular to the flow. The substrate is modified to include a conical hill (3D) or wedge (2D), and the test particle is located at various positions on this hill. The governing incompressible Navier-Stokes equations are solved using the finite-volume FLUENT code. The coefficients of lift and drag are compared with the results on the flat substrate. Enhanced drag and significantly enhanced lift are observed as the test particle is situated near the summit of the hill.

Nutrition Care in Cancer Surgery Patients: A Narrative Review of Nutritional Screening and Assessment Methods and Nutritional Considerations.

Malignancy is a catabolic state, which is precipitated with surgical intervention. Malnutrition is one of the main risk factors for poor outcomes of cancer surgery. We need to screen oncological patients for malnutrition using standardized screening tools, by which patients found to be at nutritional risk are then referred to a registered dietitian for further management. A detailed assessment is required in such patients, which helps in categorizing the patients based on the severity and rendering proper care. Preoperative nutrition care is often overlooked because of the urgency of operating on a cancer patient. Still, studies have shown preoperative nutritional building gives better surgical outcomes and good postoperative quality of life. Preoperative nutrition care includes both early and late preoperative care. For efficient preoperative nutrition care publishing, standard operating procedures at every healthcare center are recommended. Postoperative nutrition care is given to build the patient tackle the surgical trauma, and their diet mainly includes protein to minimize catabolism. Regardless of the route of nutrition delivery, providing appropriate nutrition care in the postoperative period improves cancer patients' condition drastically. Early postoperative nutrition is studied in different cancer surgeries and is considered ideal in cancer surgical patients. There is a need for consensus on the composition of postoperative nutrition. The diet of a cancer patient should include micronutrients like vitamins D and B and minerals along with the usual nutrition care. The use of special diets like branched-chain amino acids and immune nutrition is to be considered on a case-by-case basis and introducing them into the routine care of a patient needs to be studied extensively.

Evaluation of the effect of remineralization with strontium-doped nanohydroxyapatite with noncollagenous protein analog: Chitosan on the shear bond strength of resin composite to dentin - An in vitro study.

Context: The resin-dentin interface is less durable, which reduces the longevity of tooth-colored restorations. To encounter this shortcoming, the use of nanotechnology to mimic biomineralization proves beneficial. Aims: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of remineralization with strontium-doped nanohydroxyapatite (Sr-nHAp) with chitosan on shear bond strength of resin composite to dentin. Materials and Methods: Sixty five extracted human premolars were divided into five groups (n = 13) based on remineralization protocol as: Group A - 20% (Sr-nHAp) with chitosan, Group B - 10% (Sr-nHAp) with chitosan, Group C - 20% (Sr-nHAp) with simulated body fluid, Group D - 10% (Sr-nHAp) with simulated body fluid, and Group E - control. Following bonding, resin composite of specified dimension was built and was subjected to shear bond strength test after 24 h and 1 week using Universal Testing Machine, and mode of failure was assessed. ANOVA and paired sample t-test were used for analyzing the data, and the level of significance was set at 5%. Results: The highest value of shear bond strength was obtained from Group A after aging for a week, and there is a significant increase in the value of all the groups as compared to the control group after 1 week of storage than 24 h. Conclusions: Remineralization with Sr-nHAp and chitosan has positively improved the bond strength of resin to dentin at the end of 1 week.

Framework for Real-Time Detection and Identification of possible patients of COVID-19 at public places.

The novel Corona Virus (COVID-19) has become the reason for the world to declare it as a global pandemic, which has already taken many lives from all around the world. This pandemic has become a disaster since the spreading rate from person to person is incredibly high and many techniques have come forth to aid in stopping the infection. Although various types of methods have been put into implementation, the search and suggestions of new approaches to reduce the increasing rate of infection will never come to an end until a vaccine terminates this pandemic. This study focuses on proposing a new framework that is based on Deep Learning algorithms for recognizing the COVID-19 cases, mostly in public places. The algorithms include Background Subtraction for extracting the foreground of thermal images from thermal videos generated by Thermal Cameras through the Thermal Imaging process and the Convolutional Neural Network for detecting people infected with the virus. This automated prototype works in a real-time scenario that helps identify people with the disease and will try to trace it while separating them from having any other contact. This proposal intends to achieve a satisfying growth in determining the real cases of COVID-19 and minimize the spreading rate of this virus to the max, ultimately avoiding more deaths.

Use of Facebow device in prosthodontics: A systematic review on randomized control trials.

Aim: Recording the maxillomandibular relationship is important in various prosthodontic treatments. Evidence of face-bow transfer resulting in improved outcome is conflicting. Hence the objective of this study is to determine the use of face-bow transfer in prosthodontics. Settings and Design: : Systematic review based on PRISMA guidelines.">. Materials and Methods: A protocol was developed prior, which covered all aspects of the review. The databases explored were MEDLINE database, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane collaboration library. The PICO model included participants who received a complete denture/partial denture prosthesis. Intervention was the use of the face-bow device. Comparator was prosthesis made with a simple procedure of not using a face-bow device for prosthodontic rehabilitation. Outcomes were patient satisfaction with dentures, the stability of the dentures, esthetics, and time taken for clinical and laboratory procedures. Only randomized clinical trials were included in this study. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed according to the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Statistical Analysis Used: Qualitative analysis. Results: A total of 144 articles were identified. On excluding 4 duplicates and screening the title and abstracts of the rest of the records based on exclusion criteria only 15 studies were selected for review. Conclusions: The use of the face-bow did not yield superior results for the quality of the prosthesis. Therefore, there is no evidence for the utility of face-bow transfer in complete denture treatment. However, no inference could be drawn for its utility in partial denture prosthodontics as there was no study to draw an inference.

Comparative Evaluation of Occlusal Bite Force in Relation to the Muscle Activity in the Mixed Dentition Children of Age Group 9-12 Years: A T-scan Analysis.

AIM AND OBJECTIVE: Compare and evaluate the muscle activity and the occlusal force between the mixed dentition boys and girls of 9-12 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 15 boys and 15 girls. The occlusal force and activity of the masseter and temporalis muscle were measured with a T-scan device using a sensor, a module to transmit the signals to a computer and the complete data of the bite force and muscle activity with the EMG recordings and data were collected and evaluated. RESULTS: Relative occlusal force in the primary and permanent molars between the boys and girls showed no significant difference on the left side compared to the right. The electromyography values of masseter and temporalis in boys and girls showed a significant difference in which (TAR and MMR), (TAR and MML), (TAL and MMR), and (TAL and MML) are significant. The overall paired sample statistics showed higher muscle activity in masseter. CONCLUSION: T-scan analysis has proved to be a dependable method for the evaluation of occlusal bite force with the muscle activity interpretation using EMG. This study concluded that there is a difference in the occlusal pattern and muscle activity in the mixed dentition that showed the maximum force was on the permanent molars and the symmetry of EMGs activity in children was on the right masseter comparatively with higher bite values in boys compared to girls. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: T-scan is a computerized analysis system that helps in the proper assessment of the patient's occlusion and assists in the proper treatment planning and diagnosis accurately without much effort. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Prabahar T, Gupta N, Chowdhary NR, et al. Comparative Evaluation of Occlusal Bite Force in Relation to the Muscle Activity in the Mixed Dentition Children of Age Group 9-12 Years: A T-scan Analysis. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021;14(S-1):S29-S34.

Effect of nanoparticles on color stability and mechanical and biological properties of maxillofacial silicone elastomer: A systematic review.

AIM: The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the effect of addition of various nanoparticles into maxillofacial silicone elastomer on color stability and mechanical and biological properties of the silicone elastomer. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines(PRISMA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The electronic database search in MEDLINE/PubMed was based on population (silicone elastomer), intervention (nanoparticles), comparison (unreinforced silicone elastomer with nanoparticle-reinforced silicone elastomer), outcome (color stability and mechanical, physical, and biological properties), i.e., PICO framework. The key words used are ("maxillofacial silicone" OR "silicone elastomer" OR "facial silicone") AND ("nanoparticles" OR "Nano-oxides") AND ("colour stability" OR "Hardness," "tensile strength" OR "tear strength" OR "antifungal activity"). RESULTS: The database search resulted in 2099 studies, of which 2066 articles were excluded as they were irrelevant, duplicates, and data were not available. The remaining 33 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility, out of which 2 articles were in Chinese language, 3 articles were thesis documents, and 8 were review articles. A total of 12 articles were excluded and the remaining 20 articles were included. One article was yielded by hand search of references of included studies. A total of 21 studies were included in the present systematic review. CONCLUSION: With the available evidence in the literature, it can be concluded that addition of nanoparticles at various concentrations may improve the physical and mechanical properties and color stability of the prosthesis made from the silicone elastomers.

E-cigarettes: Out of the frying pan into the fire?

Electronic nicotine delivery systems were developed over a decade ago to simulate the experience of smoking, although with a lower exposure to toxins than in conventional smoking. However, they have their own unique profile of side effects, some of which can be life threatening. We report the case of a young male, who in a desperate bid to de-addict himself from smoking developed a serious adverse effect related to the e-cigarettes.

Attitude of dental professionals toward cast partial denture: A questionnaire survey in India.

AIMS: The use of cast partial dentures (CPDs) has been decreased and its importance has been declined in the teaching curriculum. The purpose of this survey was to evaluate the attitudes of dental professionals toward conditions using CPDs in private practice in India. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Descriptive survey. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This survey consists of eight close-ended questions concerning the use of CPD by dental professionals practicing in India. The URLs of the questionnaire were shared via E-mail to dentists practicing throughout India, to obtain a response of 384 which is a predetermined sample size. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Statistical analysis was done using counts and percentages and the results were further analyzed statistically by the Chi-square test. RESULTS: Nearly 42.79% of general dental practitioners (GDPs), 47.26% of prosthodontists, and 9.95% of other specialist dentists responded to the questionnaire. GDPs mostly preferred removable partial dentures (RPDs) (71.87%) and fixed partial dentures (57.22%), whereas prosthodontists preferred mostly implant (60.91%). GDPs mostly preferred flexible dentures (62.42%), whereas prosthodontists preferred CPDs 62.84%. Almost 52.50% of the GDPs mostly raised a cost issue and 63.11% of the prosthodontists had difficulty in adjustment with CPDs. Nearly 63.46% of the dentists told that implant-supported restorations are better options compared to CPDs; still, majority of the dentists (53.23%) were in favor that more importance for teaching CPDs in graduation curriculum should be given. CONCLUSIONS: This survey shows that in India a significant proportion of GDPs (71.87%) preferred RPDs, mostly flexible dentures (62.42%) due to their low cost compared to CPDs. Prosthodontists mostly preferred implants (60.91%) because they are more confident and better trained in these. It is recommended that more importance be given in teaching implants along with CPDs in graduation curriculum so that practitioners can better educate their patients about implants and their advantages over flexible dentures and their utilization in cases where patients are not willing for CPDs.