ABSTRACT
Objective: Dysfunctional and functional emotion regulation strategies in adolescence have so far been examined separately, but not in interaction. Our aim is to analyze a possible compensation of dysfunctional regulation strategies through functional strategies in depressive symptoms. Method: The Regulation of Emotions Questionnaire (REQ) was used to examine the ability of emotion regulation in 247 adolescents between 12 to 17 years (M = 14.41, SD = 1.39). To measure depressive symptoms, Allgemeine Depressionsskala (ADS) was established. Results: Results speak for a compensation of internal-dysfunctional emotion regulation strategies with internal-functional emotion regulation strategies in girls. In boys, functional emotion regulation strategies strengthen the relationship between internal-dysfunctional emotion regulation strategies and depressive symptoms. Other strategies do not interact with each another. Conclusions: Results indicate a compensative effect in girls, while in boys functional emotion regulation seems to have an amplifying effect on depressive symptoms. Results suggest that boys use functional strategies in a dysfunctional way, while girls are able to use them appropriately. An exploration of the understanding of functional emotion regulation may enable approaches to treatment.
Subject(s)
Affective Symptoms/diagnosis , Affective Symptoms/psychology , Depressive Disorder/diagnosis , Depressive Disorder/psychology , Emotional Intelligence , Adolescent , Child , Emotional Adjustment , Female , Humans , Internal-External Control , Male , Psychometrics/statistics & numerical data , Sex Factors , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
The Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) is still practiced in many countries and mainly performed for traditional reasons. In this study, the relationship of the FGM type (type I and type III) with anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder as well as the attitude toward FGM was analyzed. For this purpose the data of N=109 of FGM type I and III affected women from Ethiopia were collected. Analyses show moderation effects. It was found that the symptoms of depression and PTSD were less pronounced with a positive attitude towards the FGM in the sample of severely mutilated women (type III). It seems that the attitude toward FGM plays a major role in enhancing social recognition of those affected, thus better coping can take place. As well, this study shows the importance of the attitude of FGM tradition in the population to protect young girls prone for FGM.
Subject(s)
Adaptation, Psychological , Circumcision, Female/psychology , Developing Countries , Adolescent , Adult , Anxiety Disorders/diagnosis , Anxiety Disorders/psychology , Child , Child, Preschool , Circumcision, Female/classification , Depressive Disorder/diagnosis , Depressive Disorder/psychology , Ethiopia , Female , Humans , Protective Factors , Risk Factors , Social Stigma , Somalia , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/diagnosis , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/psychology , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Psychotherapists and psychiatrists are often confronted with patients suffering from self-inflicted injuries. A specific form of self-inflicted physical injury is nonsuicidal self-injury. This article aims at giving an overview of the phenomena of self-injury behavior. Extensive literature research was carried out in the databanks Medline and ISI Web of Knowledge and especially, current literature was the main feature of interest. Although there are numerous publications giving a broad overview, however, important aspects have not yet been clarified. The question arises whether self-injury behavior can be regarded as an independent syndrome or if it is, as assumed, a precursor for severe mental disorders.
Subject(s)
Self-Injurious Behavior/psychology , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , Mental Disorders/complications , Mental Disorders/psychology , Risk Factors , Self-Injurious Behavior/diagnosis , Self-Injurious Behavior/epidemiologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The Training with Aggressive Children (Petermann & Petermann, 2008) was integrated into the setting of a child welfare service. This study examined, if mental health care of aggressive children in child welfare settings can be improved, compared the effectiveness of a combination of the training and child welfare intervention after six months with effects of the TAK. METHOD: 25 Children with conduct problems (24 boys, one girl) aged 7;6 to 13;0 years participated in the study. RESULTS: A pretest-follow up comparison of parent ratings on the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) documented a large reduction of aggressive-delinquent behaviour and social problems in the training and child welfare group. Furthermore, conduct and peer relationship problems decreased essentially on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). By reducing conduct, attention and social problems, and delinquent behaviour, the therapeutic outcome of the training and child welfare group was clearly superior to training group. CONCLUSIONS: In comparison to the training, the combination of child welfare and training seemed to reduce a wider range of behavioural problems more effectively. This indicates that combined intervention programs can optimize mental health care of aggressive children.
Subject(s)
Aggression/psychology , Child Welfare/psychology , Cognitive Behavioral Therapy , Conduct Disorder/therapy , Delivery of Health Care , Mental Health Services , Adolescent , Antisocial Personality Disorder/diagnosis , Antisocial Personality Disorder/psychology , Antisocial Personality Disorder/therapy , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/psychology , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/therapy , Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders/diagnosis , Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders/psychology , Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders/therapy , Child , Combined Modality Therapy , Conduct Disorder/diagnosis , Conduct Disorder/psychology , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Juvenile Delinquency/psychology , Male , Psychotherapy, GroupABSTRACT
Children and adolescents with aggressive disorders are prevalent in child welfare settings. Therefore, the assumption is that child welfare services would benefit from a cognitive-behavioral intervention. This study investigates whether implementation of the training with aggressive children (TAC) could improve the outcome of child welfare. Twelve children (average age 10 years), diagnosed with an oppositional defiant disorder or a conduct disorder, are treated either with a child welfare program or with a combined intervention of child welfare program and TAC. Before and immediately after completion of the combined treatment, parent and teacher ratings are collected. Parents report children participating in child welfare and TAC to show a stronger decline in social and conduct problems as well as a clearer increase in prosocial behavior. Teachers see a better improvement in social problems and tended to report a decrease in aggressive behavior. Results confirm that the TAC can enhance effects of a child welfare program.
