ABSTRACT
The results of experiments on Wistar rats under conditions of acute poisoning with 0.75 LD50 of zarin (isopropylmethyl fluorophosphonate), luisite (beta-chlorovinyl dichloroarsine), arsenic chloride, and dichloroethane showed that a four-day treatment with immunofan in a dose of 10 microg/kg restored the immune status characteristics (antibody formation to T-dependent antigen, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, natural killer cell activity, and delayed type hypersensitivity) and the related LPO parameters.
Subject(s)
Adjuvants, Immunologic/administration & dosage , Antibody Formation/drug effects , Chemical Warfare Agents/toxicity , Immunity, Cellular/drug effects , Oligopeptides/administration & dosage , Poisoning/immunology , Animals , Rats , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
Experiments on Wistar rats showed that acute poisoning with chemicals in a dose of 0.75 LD(50) (dimethyl dichlorovinyl phosphate, sarin, VX substance, sulfur yperite, lewisite, tetraethyl lead, dichloroethane) inhibiting platelet acetylcholine esterase, alpha-naphthyl-AS-acetate esterase, and alpha-naphthyl-butyrate esterase suppressed T cell-mediated immune reactions.
Subject(s)
Cholinesterase Inhibitors/metabolism , Immunotoxins/metabolism , Animals , Cholinesterase Inhibitors/immunology , Cholinesterase Inhibitors/toxicity , Enzyme Inhibitors/metabolism , Esterases/antagonists & inhibitors , Esterases/metabolism , Immune System/physiology , Male , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Spleen/cytology , T-Lymphocytes/enzymology , T-Lymphocytes/immunologyABSTRACT
The results of experiments on male mongrel mice showed that a three-day treatment with T-activin in a dose of 2.5 micrograms/kg restored the activity of natural killer cells reduced by acute poisoning (1 LD50) with ethylene glycol (EG), methanol (MeOH), and ethanol (EtOH). In a dose of 5 micrograms/kg, T-activin produced the same action in the test animals upon acute poisoning with dimethyldichlorovinyl phosphate (DDVP), carbophos (CP), dichloroethane (DE), acrylonitrile (AN), Acetonitrile (AcN), atropine (AT). The degree of suppression of the native killer cell activity by the above chemicals increases in the following order: EtOH < EG < MeOH < CP < AT < AcN < DE < AN < DDVP.
Subject(s)
Adjuvants, Immunologic/pharmacology , Hazardous Substances/toxicity , Killer Cells, Natural/drug effects , Peptides/pharmacology , Poisoning/immunology , Thymus Extracts/pharmacology , Acute Disease , Animals , Cytotoxicity, Immunologic , Male , MiceABSTRACT
Acute poisoning with alcohols and cholinotropic preparations carboxyphosphamide and atropine (0.8 LD(50)) was modeled on male outbred mice weighing 18-24 g. The decrease in activity of natural killer cells was most pronounced after injection of atropine, but insignificant after treatment with ethanol. The inhibitory effect of ethylene glycol, methanol, and methanol on functional activity of natural killer cells in vitro directly depended on their concentration. The effects of alcohols in equimolar concentrations of 10, 100, and 500 mM were similar. Therefore, immunotoxicity of alcohols was associated with the action of their metabolites. The ability of products formed after biotransformation of ethylene glycol, methanol, and ethanol in equimolar concentrations to cause damage to natural killer cells decreased in the following order: glyoxylic acid>formic acid>acetaldehyde>glycolaldehyde>glycolic acid. T-Activin injected subcutaneously in doses of 2.5 and 5.0 microg/kg for 3 days normalized activity of natural killer cells suppressed after acute poisoning with alcohols and cholinotropic preparations.
Subject(s)
Alcoholic Intoxication/immunology , Killer Cells, Natural/drug effects , Organosilicon Compounds/poisoning , Peptides/pharmacology , Thymus Extracts/pharmacology , Acute Disease , Animals , Killer Cells, Natural/immunology , Male , MiceABSTRACT
The results of experiments on Wistar rats under conditions of acute intoxication with 2-chloroethenyldichloroarsine (beta-chlorovinyldichloroarsine) (0.75 LD50) showed that unithiol increases antiinfectious nonspecific resistance (NSR) of the organism. This is manifested by improved NSR characteristics: increased activity of the natural killer cells, predominant formation of antibodies to thymus-dependent antigen, and development of delayed-type hypersensitivity. However, no complete recovery of the NSR parameters impaired by 2-chloroethenyldichloroarsine is observed.
