ABSTRACT
El mal aliento, mal olor de boca o halitosis, son términos que se utilizan para describir un olor ofensivo que emana de la cavidad oral, independientemente de que las sustancias de olor desagradable provengan de fuentes orales o no orales. La mayoría de las halitosis se originan en el interior de la boca. Se han atribuido principalmente a compuestos volátiles sulfurados (CVSs) tales como sulfídrico, metil mercaptano y dimetil sulfuro. La causa primaria es la existencia de bacterias gramnegativas, que son similares a las que causan las enfermedades periodontales. Estas bacterias producen CVSs a partir del metabolismo de distintas células epiteliales, leucocitos etc, localizadas en la saliva y en la placa dental principalmente. La superficie lingual está cubierta de una gran cantidad de células epiteliales descamadas y bacterias, que pueden, a traves de su actividad proteolítica y capacidad de putrefación, producir CVSs. El objetivo de este artículo de revisión es: 1°) analizar la importancia de la halitosis oral en el contexto actual, 2°) estudiar los datos sobre su etiología y 3°) valorar la evidencia de la asociación entre las enfermedades periodontales y la halitosis de origen oral (AU)
Bad breath, oral malodour and halitosis they are terms used describe unpleasant odour out from the oral cavity, independently from the source where the odorous can be oral no oral. The majority of bad breath originates within the mouth. They have been attributed mainly attributed to volatile sulfur compounds (VSC) such as hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan and dimethyl sulfide. The primary cause are bacteria gram-negative bacteria that are similar to the causing periodontal diseases. These bacterias produce the VSC by metabolizing epithelial cells, leukocytes, etc., mainly located in saliva, dental plaque. Tongue surface is composed of desquamated epithelial cells and bacterias, suggestig that it has the proteolytic and putrefactive capacity to produce VSC. The aim of this review article: (1) to analyze the evidence the importance of the bad breath in the current context, (2) to study the data your etiology and (3) to value the association between the periodontal diseases and the halitosis of oral origin (AU)
Subject(s)
Halitosis/diagnosis , Halitosis/etiology , Periodontium/physiopathology , Periodontium/pathology , Periodontal Diseases/complications , Periodontal Diseases/diagnosis , Periodontal Diseases/therapy , Dental Plaque/diagnosis , Dental Plaque/pathology , Sulfhydryl Compounds/analysis , Cysteamine/analysis , Gram-Negative Bacteria/isolation & purification , Gram-Negative Bacteria/pathogenicity , Sulfur Acids/analysis , Halitosis/history , Halitosis/classification , Halitosis/epidemiology , Diet , Saliva/microbiology , Gingivitis/diagnosis , Gingivitis/etiologyABSTRACT
La presencia de anomalías morfológicas radiculares pueden actuar como factor predisponente para el acúmulo de placa y el desarrollo de patología periodontal y/o pulpar. Presentamos un caso clínico de surco palatoradicular en el 21, donde la presencia del surco ha sido el factor causal de una bolsa periodontal con defecto óseo aislado que finalmente condujo a la pérdida del diente. Se analiza la prevalencia, localizaciones, patogenia y la actitud terapéutica correcta ante la presencia de este tipo de anomalías, en base a los datos recogidos de la literatura (AU)
The presence of radicular anomalies may act as a predisposing factor for the accumulation of bacterial plaque and the development of local periodontal or pulpal disease. We present a case of palato-radicular groove in tooth No.21 that caused periodontal pocket and localized bone defect leading to loss of the tooth. We review the prevalence, localizations and pathogenesis of this dental abnormality as well as therapeutic approaches reported in the literature. The palato-radicular groove:relationship with pulpar and/or periodontal desease (AU)
Subject(s)
Adult , Male , Humans , Dental Pulp Cavity/abnormalities , Dental Plaque/etiology , Periodontal Pocket/etiology , Periodontal Pocket/surgery , Periodontal Pocket/diagnosisABSTRACT
Periodontal bone loss in 126 individuals between 9 and 20 years of age was screened radiographically by means of 2 standarized interproximal bite-wings radiographs. This group was selected from a population of 1253 young people according to the criteria of "having one or more probing pocket depths equal or higher than 4 mm". "Bone loss" was measured when the distance from the CEJ to the alveolar crest was greater than 2 mm per cent of this sample had bone loss, being more prevalent in females (34.3%) than in men (18.75%). Vertical defects predominated in the mesial aspect of mandibular first molars. Only one individual had radiographic features typical of localized juvenile periodontitis, representing 0.7% of the selected sample and 0.007% of the population studied.
Subject(s)
Bone Resorption/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Alveolar Process/diagnostic imaging , Bone Resorption/diagnostic imaging , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Periodontal Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Periodontal Diseases/epidemiology , Radiography , Spain/epidemiology , Urban PopulationABSTRACT
Twenty four albino mice of forty days old were selected. Twelve forty days old albino mice were irradiated with a Helium-Neon laser source, dose of 10.50566 Jul/cm2. They were divided in two groups according to time of animal sacrifice (immediately after irradiation and ten days after). As control were used twelve mice using the same time as the experimental groups, but without radiation. T.E.M. ultrathin sections showed alteration only in the conjunctiva and in the bone tissues, but not in the epithelial tissue. The bone showed two osteocyte population according to their response to irradiation. The first population showed characteristic comparable with the controls, and the second showed alterations suggestive of a degenerative process. The connective tissue also showed two fibroblasts populations, the first showed signs of a big synthesizing activity, and the second, degenerative signs. The first fibroblast population appeared in the animals sacrificed immediately after irradiation.
