ABSTRACT
All-solid-state sodium batteries are attracting intensive attention, and chloride-based solid electrolytes are promising candidates for use in such batteries because of their high chemical stability and low Young's modulus. Here, we report new superionic conductors based on polyanion-added chloride-based materials. Na0.67 Zr(SO4 )0.33 Cl4 showed a high ionic conductivity of 1.6â mS cm-1 at room temperature. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the highly conducting materials are mainly a mixture of an amorphous phase and Na2 ZrCl6 . The conductivity might be dominated by the electronegativity of the central atom of the polyanion. Electrochemical measurements reveal that Na0.67 Zr(SO4 )0.33 Cl4 is a sodium ionic conductor and is suitable for use as a solid electrolyte in all-solid-state sodium batteries.
ABSTRACT
A single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT)-silica composite thin film on a quartz glass was formed by ultraviolet irradiation (20-40 °C) onto a spin-coated precursor film. With 7.4 mass% SWCNTs, the electrical resistivity reached 7.7 × 10-3 Ω·cm after UV-irradiation. The transmittance was >80% at 178-2600 nm, and 79%-73% at 220-352 nm. Heat treatment increased the transparency and pencil hardness, without affecting the low electrical resistivity. Raman spectroscopy and microscopic analyses revealed the excellent film morphology with good SWCNT dispersal. The low refractive index (1.49) and haze value (<1.5%) are invaluable for transparent windows for novel optoelectronic devices.
