[The antigens and nucleotide sequences of influenza A and B viruses in the lymphocytes of human peripheral blood]. / Antigeny i nukleotidnye posledovatel'nosti virusov grippa A i B v limfotsitakh perifericheskoi krovi cheloveka.

Markers of influenza A and B viruses (antigens of hemagglutinin and specific nucleotide sequences) were detected in lymphocyte preparations from normal subjects. The rate of detection of the antigens and specificity (type and subtype appurtenance) of the markers correlated with the influenza epidemic situation. Lower titers of antibodies to the virus whose antigens were present in lymphocytes were observed.

[The results of using the molecular hybridization of nucleic acids in the complex study of nasopharyngeal smears from patients with influenza and other acute respiratory diseases]. / Rezul'taty ispol'zovaniia molekuliarnoi gibridizatsii nukleinovykh kislot v kompleksnom issledovanii nosoglotochnykh smyvov ot bol'nykh grippom i drugimi ostrymi respiratornymi zabolevaniiami.

A complex study of samples obtained from patients with influenza and other acute respiratory diseases has revealed that the laboratory methods used in this study can be rated in the following order according to their sensitivity: isolation of the virus in chick embryos, analysis of seroconversions in the hemagglutination inhibition test, immunofluorescent determination of viral antigens, determination of viral antigens by enzyme immunoassay (EIA), detection of RNA-containing viral structures by means of molecular hybridization. From the point of view of the possibility of documenting influenza A in patients, the best results are achieved by the combination of molecular hybridization and EIA techniques: 90% and more of all cases. A rational scheme for the examination of samples obtained from patients with a view to epidemiological study, including both traditional and new rapid diagnostic methods, is proposed.

[The use of the potentials of the molecular hybridization of nucleic acids as a method for the laboratory diagnosis of influenza in research on vaccinal infection]. / Ispol'zovanie vozmozhnostei molekuliarnoi gibridizatsii nukleinovykh kislot kak metoda laboratornoi diagnostiki grippa pri issledovanii vaktsinal'noi infektsii.

The data obtained as the result of the complex examination of volunteers immunized with live influenza vaccine, type A (H3N2), showed that the determination of the RNA-containing structures by the method of the molecular hybridization of nucleic acids (MHNA) was highly sensitive and reliable. This method proved to be more sensitive than common laboratory diagnostic tests (the isolation of the virus in chick embryos, the analysis of seroconversion, the antibody fluorescence test) and was not inferior to the complex of clinical tests based on the analysis of microsymptoms. The reliability of the positive (according to the data obtained by MHNA) results was very high: not less than 85% of them were confirmed by other tests.

Molecular hybridization with DNA probes as a laboratory diagnosis test for influenza viruses: further investigations on the possibilities of the method.

The possibilities of the molecular hybridization test, i.e. test, i.e. using neuraminidase probes of different subtypes for subtype specific detection of influenza, as well as different probes (PA, M, NP) for type A specific detection of influenza viruses in infected cells were shown. The results of molecular hybridization in washings' analyses from patients during the outbreaks give us an opportunity to make some conclusions about the usefulness of the method in epidemic control of influenza morbidity.

[Molecular hybridization of nucleic acids as a method for the laboratory diagnosis of influenza in model experiments on cell cultures and in research on nasopharyngeal smears obtained from patients]. / Molekuliarnaia gibridizatsiia nukleinovykh kislot kak metod laboratornoi diagnostiki grippa v model'nykh éksperimentakh na kul'turakkh kletok i pri issledovanii nosoglotochnykh smyvov, poluchennykh ot bol'nykh.

DNA probes containing the nucleotide sequences of the conservative genes of influenza A virus (matrix, nucleoprotein and acidic polymerase genes) show their specificity with respect to the RNA of influenza A viruses in mammal tissue cell cultures (continuous spaniel kidney cell culture and primary calf kidney cell culture). The minimal amount of infected monolayer cells, permitting the detection of viral RNA, is 10(3). The results obtained in the study of nasopharyngeal washings make it possible to recommend the method of molecular hybridization for use in the epidemiological analysis in addition to virological and serological tests. The method of hybridization permits the detection of virus-specific RNA in the allantoic fluid of chick embryos in subculturing the materials under study even in those cases when hemagglutinating influenza virus cannot be isolated.

[Analysis of the potentials of molecular hybridization of nucleic acids as a method of the laboratory diagnosis of influenza]. / Analiz vozmozhnostei molekuliarnoi gibridizatsii nukleinovykh kislot kak metod laboratornoi diagnostiki grippa.

The possibilities of using the DNA copies of different genes of influenza A virus for the detection of virus-specific RNa by molecular dot hybridization have been studied. High specificity and sensitivity of the RNA determination techniques have been demonstrated, as well as the efficacy of using DNA probes with the sequences of conservative genes (polymerase, nucleoprotein and matrix genes) for the detection of influenza A virus subtypes H1N1, H2N2, H3N2 and probes with the copies of the corresponding hemagglutinin genes for the differential determination of subtypes H3N2 and H1N1. The complex analysis of nasopharyngeal washings has confirmed the efficacy of the dot hybridization method for epidemiological investigations, particularly for deciphering influenza outbreaks, especially those of mixed etiology.

Molecular hybridization with DNA-probes as a laboratory diagnostic test for influenza viruses.

The possibilities of using DNA-copies of different influenza A virus genes cloned with recombinant bacterial plasmids for the detection of virus-specific RNA by molecular dot-hybridization were analyzed. High specificity of RNA identification has been demonstrated and it has been shown expedient to use DNA-probes with high-conservative virus genes (polymerase, nucleoprotein, or matrix) for the detection of influenza A virus subtypes (H1N1, H2N2, H3N2) and probes with corresponding hemagglutinin genes for the differentiation of the subtypes H3N2 and H1N1. The results of nasopharyngeal specimens testing proved the effectiveness of molecular dot-hybridization in epidemiological studies of influenza outbreaks, especially of mixed etiology.