Focal cemento-osseous dysplasia: review and a case report.

Focal cemento-osseous dysplasia is a benign fibro-osseous condition that can be seen in dentate and edentulous patients. It is an asymptomatic lesion and needs no treatment; however follow-up is essential due to the possibility that focal cemento-osseous dysplasia can progress to a condition called florid osseous dysplasia that involves multiple sites. A case report is presented here, along with a review of the differential diagnoses considered in order to reach a final diagnosis of focal cemento-osseous dysplasia.

Hemangiomatous ameloblastoma: Clinical, radiologic, and pathologic features.

A hemangiomatous ameloblastoma was present in the third molar region of the left mandible of a 26-year-old woman. The histology and radiologic features of this tumor differed from those of a conventional ameloblastoma. Its histologic features were consistent with those of a hemangiomatous ameloblastoma, and its standard radiologic features and computed tomography mimicked that of fibro-osseous lesions, whereas magnetic resonance imaging suggested a vascular lesion. The behavior and prognosis of the hemangiomatous ameloblastoma are uncertain because of the small number of documented cases and lack of long-term follow-up, but are thought to be similar to those of the conventional type. The relevant clinical, radiologic, and pathologic features of this case are presented.

Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of Waldeyer's ring: a clinicopathological and immunological study of 64 cases in the western Cape.

The clinicopathological and immunological features of 64 cases of primary extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHLs) that occurred in Waldeyer's ring (WR) were examined. The objective was to compare the findings of this study with those of previous studies. The age at presentation, sex ratio, and site of occurrence of these tumours within WR concurred with that of other studies. Diffuse large cell lymphomas were the most prevalent in this study. Most T-cell NHLs occurred in the nasopharynx where they constituted 28% of all NHLs in that site. This indicates a higher incidence of nasopharyngeal T-cell NHLs in South Africa as compared with other Western countries.

Hypohydrotic ectodermal dysplasia: an unusual presentation and management in an 11-year-old Xhosa boy.

Ectodermal dysplasia (ED) is an inherited disorder in which two or more ectodermally derived structures fail to develop, or are abnormal in development. Hypohydrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) or Christ-Siemens-Touraine syndrome, is an X-linked recessive syndrome with an incidence of 1/10,000 to 1/100,000 births. Because of its X-linked inheritance pattern, it is more common in males. HED is characterised by hypohydrosis (diminished perspiration), hypotrichosis (decreased amount of hair) and microdontia (small teeth), hypodontia (lack of development of one or more teeth) or adontia (total lack of tooth development). These patients present diagnostic and treatment challenges because of variable oral manifestations. This report describes an 11-year-old Xhosa boy, who was referred to the University Dental Faculty by his general medical practitioner because of hypodontia. General facial features included: frontal bossing, a depressed nasal bridge, 'butterfly' pattern of eczema over the nasal bridge to the malar process of each cheek, thinned out hair, loss of vertical dimension of face and dry skin. Intra-oral examination revealed hypodontia with peg-shaped anterior teeth and diastemas. Radiological examination revealed no developing permanent teeth or tooth buds. Diagnosis was confirmed by doing a sweat gland count. Management included oral hygiene instruction, fluoride treatments, construction of a partial lower denture and counselling about his condition with particular reference to the danger of hyperthermia and control of allergies.

A mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type lymphoma (marginal zone B-cell lymphoma) from the palatine tonsil.

The clinicopathologic and immunologic features of a low-grade B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that arose in the palatine tonsil are presented here. The histologic findings were similar to the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type lymphoma described in the gastrointestinal tract and glandular tissues. The histogenesis, differential diagnoses and classification of these tumors are briefly discussed in the light of recent findings and proposals by the International Lymphoma Study Group (ILSG). A literature survey revealed that MALT-lymphomas are exceptionally rare in Waldeyer's ring. Pathologists should be aware of the possible occurrence, albeit rare, of this tumor when confronted with a low-grade B-cell lymphoma from Waldeyer's ring.

An unusual variant of keratoameloblastoma.

An unusual case of ameloblastoma which depicts cystic follicles containing orthokeratin, parakeratin, desquamated epithelium and necrotic material with dystrophic calcification is presented. The presence of ameloblast-like cells confirms the diagnosis of an ameloblastoma. However, certain features resembled those of the keratoameloblastoma and others, less convincively, the papilliferous keratoameloblastoma. The extensive keratinisation in this tumour and in the aforementioned neoplasms raises the question whether they represent variants of the acanthomatous ameloblastoma.

Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia: a genealogic, stereomicroscope, and scanning electron microscope study.

This is a report of three patients with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, or Christ-Siemens-Touraine syndrome, their genealogic backgrounds and the stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscopic appearances of the hair, the skin of their fingertips and palms as well as skin studies of members of their families. The skin morphology was recorded by means of silicone monomer rubber impressions and epoxy resin dyes. In two of the patients the disease was acquired by X-linked inheritance, while in the third, a boy, it appeared to follow an autosomal dominant pattern. Defects of the skin of the fingertips and palms of the propositi and members of the families included abnormalities of the morphology and pattern of the epidermal ridges, reduction of sweat pores varying from 13 to 87% of normal, and changed anatomy of the openings of the sweat glands. The openings were shallow and with less whorling compared to the normal, funnel-shaped sweat pores. Among the sweat pores, micropores, or openings with an average diameter of 5.3 micrometers, were observed. One of the propositi and the affected father of another had orifices on their fingertips resembling hair sheaths. Two propositi and the affected father of one exhibited grooving of the hair. The findings confirm the necessity for genealogic investigations in patients with or suspected of having the disease in order to advise parents or prospective parents. They also illustrate the usefulness of stereomicroscopy and scanning electron microscopy in observing skin and hair abnormalities.