ABSTRACT
Introduction: Internet use (IU) commonly refers to sedentary lifestyle and may be addictive, especially among children. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between IU and some aspects of child physical and psychosocial development. Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional survey by using a screen-time based sedentary behavior questionnaire and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)-among 836 primary school children in the Branicevo District. The children's medical records were analysed for vision problems and spinal deformities. Their body weight (BW) and height (BH) were measured and body mass index (BMI) was calculated as BW in kilograms divided by BH in meters squared (kg/m2). Results: The average age of respondents was 13.4 (SD 1.2) years. The mean duration of daily Internet use and sedentary behavior was 236 (SD 156) and 422 (SD 184) minutes, respectively. There was no significant correlation between daily IU and vision problems (near sightedness, farsightedness, astigmatism, strabismus), and spinal deformities. However, daily Internet use is significantly associated with obesity (p < 0.001) and sedentary behavior (p = 0.01). There was significant correlation between emotional symptoms with total Internet usage time, and total sedentary score (p < 0.001 for both, r = 0.141 and r = 0.132, respectively). There was a positive correlation between the total sedentary score of children and hyperactivity/inattention (r = 0.167, p < 0.001), emotional symptoms (r = 0.132, p < 0.001), and conduct problems (r = 0.084, p < 0.01). Conclusion: In our study, children's Internet use was associated with obesity, psychological disturbances and social maladjustment.
Subject(s)
Exercise , Internet Use , Humans , Child , Adolescent , Cross-Sectional Studies , Body Weight , ObesityABSTRACT
AIM: To determine if adenoidectomy itself could provide spontaneous relation of the transverse growth of jaws as well as an adequate mode of breathing or if there is a need for an additional orthodontic treatment to solve the problem. METHODS: The study included one hundred and one patients aged 6-17 yrs., divided into three groups: group K--patients with oral respiration caused by adenoidal enlargement; group 1--patients with adenoidectomy done 5 or more years before; group 2--patients with orthodontic treatment done immediately after adenoidectomy. Transverse occlusion relation, the frequency of crossbite, and the intensity of nasal respiration were measured in all three groups of patients. RESULTS: The obtained results have shown that in the patients with adenoidal enlargement and oral respiration, there was an evidence of maxillary width reduction as opposed to mandibular width. Of the patients, 14% were with unilateral or bilateral crossbite. In the patients with adenoidectomy done 5 or more years before, transverse maxillary growth compared to mandibular one in the region of the front width, showed statistically significant increase (p < 0.05) as opposed to the patients with adenoidal enlargement. The effect of adenoidectomy on transverse maxillary growth was not satisfactory anyway, which was also indicated by the increase of frequency of crossbite in 24% of the patients with adenoidectomy done 5 or more years before. In operated on and in the patients one month after orthodontic treatment, transverse maxillary growth compared to mandibular growth in all the regions of both front and back width, there was statistically highly significant increase (p < 0.01) as opposed to the patients with adenoidal enlargement and adenoidectomy done many years before. Significant maxillary and mandibular transverse relation was obtained without the presence of crossbite. Nasal respiration prevailled. CONCLUSION: Orthodontic therapy one month after adenoidectomy was necessary for solving the orthodontic problems caused by adenoidal enlargement and significantly contributed to the rehabilitation of nasal respiration.
