Blood Substitutes with Gas Transfer Function.

The review presents the results of the blood substitute development based on perfluororganic compounds (PFC). The limitations of PFC due to which their further development was suspended are described. The presented data allows us to imagine a possible way to create optimal drugs based on PFC. Chemically inactive perfluorocomponents should be used - perfluorinated hydrocarbons and tertiary perfluorinated amines. However, in order to emulsify and stabilize the emulsion, other types of effective and chemically indifferent surfactants that do not interact with oxygen and other components of the drug are needed.

In Vitro Study of Cytostatic Activity of Baicalin, Baicalein, and Chlorophyllipt on HeLa-v Cell Line.

Cytostatic activity of baicalin, baicalein, and neogalenical drug Chlorophyllipt was studied in vitro on HeLa-v cells. Standard samples of Eucalimin, baicalin, and baicalein, as well as Chlorophyllipt and paclitaxel (reference drug Taxacad) were used. The cell deaths were determined by MTT assay in a Multiskan FC microplate reader with incubator. The effective inhibition concentration (IC50) of the tested substances were: paclitaxel (4.0±0.4 µM)-baicalein (10.5±1.1 µM)-baicalin (16.5±1.7 µM)-sum of euglobals in Chlorophyllipt (24.1±2.5 µM). Chlorophyllipt was found to exhibit cytostatic activity. Cytostatic activity of baicalein, baicalin, and Chlorophyllipt was lower than cytostatic activity of the reference drug by 2.6, 4.1, and 6 times, respectively. The prospects of further evaluation of the synergetic effect of baicalin, baicalein, and chlorophyllipt used in combinations with different cytostatic agents for finding the most effective combination have been shown.

Study of Sedative Tea Phytocomplex within the Framework of Studies Aimed at Creation of a Rectal Dosage Form with Antihistaminic Effect.

We designed a new complex drug with antiallergic effect containing, in addition to the main component loratadine, a phytocomplex for an extra therapeutic effect. A collection of plants with sedative activity is chosen and the optimal agent for extraction of bioactive compounds (40% ethanol) and optimal degree of plant fragmentation are determined. Chemical composition of the sedative tea is evaluated by reverse phase HPLC. The marker components of the species are detected: xanthohumol and isoxanthohumol - Humulus lupulus cone components, Mentha piperita rosmarinic acid, and scutellareine, Menyanthes trifolia element - quercetin-3-rutinoside, and caffeic acid. Standardization of the species by the absolute graduation method in conversion to quercetin-3-rutinoside is suggested.

Soft contact lenses as prospective transport systems for ophthalmology.

The time course of drug adsorption and desorption, exposure of soft contact lenses in a drug solution needed for maximum saturation, and the duration of lens wearing during which the drug was transported from the lens and exhibited its therapeutic activity were studied. The possibility of using computer simulation for the choice of material, carrier for the drug (myramistin hydrochloride), was evaluated. Due to use of this method, the volume of experimental studies could be reduced and the data systematized.

Using the matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization for the analysis of flavonoid glycosides in objects of plant origin.

Data are presented on chemical study of flavonoid glycosides in some botanical subjects using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization, compared to HPLC. The method of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) allows characterizing the composition of anthocyanin and flavonoid mixture without preliminary separation of components with minimal sample preparation, which greatly simplifies identification of bioactive phytogenic compounds.

Effect of L-arginine, vitamin B6 and folic acid on parameters of endothelial dysfunction and microcirculation in the placenta in modeling of L-NAME-induced NO deficiency.

L-arginine (200 mg/kg), vitamin B(6) (2 mg/kg), and folic acid (0.2 mg/kg) exert a protective effect on endothelial function in L-NAME-induced NO deficiency in male and pregnant female Wistar rats. Combined administration of these agents effectively prevented the development of endothelial dysfunction and L-NAME-induced preeclampsia.

A model of hyperhomocysteine-induced endothelial dysfunction in rats.

Intragastric methionine (3 g/kg daily for 7 days) elevates homocysteine concentration and increases the endothelial dysfunction coefficient. This protocol of methionine treatment is an adequate model of hyperhomocysteine-induced endothelial dysfunction and can be used for studies of the endothelio- and cardioprotective effects of drugs.

Phytochemical study of the north caucasian Rosa spinossima L. fruit.

Qualitative composition and content of anthocyanins in the Rosa spinossima L. fruit were studied. The anthocyanin sum was isolated by talc adsorption with subsequent desorption. The presence of anthocyanins in the resultant fraction was confirmed by thin layer chromatography. Three spots corresponding to anthocyanins were found. Anthocyanins were identified by mass spectrometry. Ion peaks corresponding to glycoside cyanidin and delphinidin were found. Position of sugar in the glycoside structure was determined by UV spectrophotometry with aluminum chloride. The content of anthocyanins was measured by direct UV spectrophotometry by the anthocyanins absorption. Anthocyanin content in raw material in conversion to cyanidin-3-glucoside was 1.46±0.03%.

Flavonoid composition of Juniperus oblonga Bieb.

Juniperus oblonga Bieb is widely spread in the Caucasus Mountains, particularly in its eastern and southern regions. Diuretic effect of juniper berries is determined by the presence of volatile oils and polyphenol complex, particularly flavonoids. Flavonoids were extracted from raw material with 70% ethanol and then with ethyl acetate. Column chromatography of ethyl acetate fraction on polyamide yielded 5 compounds, which were identified on the basis of physicochemical constants of parent compounds and products of acid hydrolysis and alkaline degradation of aglycones and on the basis of UV-spectroscopy as apigenin, isoquercitrin, apigenin-7-glucoside, quercetin-3-rutinoside, and scutellarin-7-glucoside. Quantitative composition of flavonoid in equivalent to rutin concentration in Juniperus oblonga Bieb was 0.910±0.007% (UV-spectrophotometry data).

Study of Monarda fistulosa essential oil as a prospective antiseborrheic agent.

Monarda fistulosa essential oil characterized by pronounced therapeutic effects is proposed for the treatment of seborrhea. Studies of its antibacterial, antimycotic, and antiinflammatory activities showed that it inhibits microorganism growth and is superior to hydrocortisone in combination with vitamin B6 by its antiinflammatory activity.

A method for evaluation of volatile sulfur-containing substances in preparations for intravenous infusions.

Gas chromatographic method for measuring volatile sulfur compounds in solutions for intravenous infusions is proposed.

Analysis of 5-nitrofuran derivatives in biological objects.

Original methods for identification and quantitative photometry of 5-nitrofurane derivatives based on the use of known rhodanine reagents were developed and used in clinical analysis.

Prooxidant effects of nitrofurantoin.

We studied the possibility of using prooxidant effects of nitrofurantoin (furadonin) for stimulation of the natural antioxidant systems for preventing myocardial damage after coronary occlusion. A pronounced cardioprotective effect of the drug was observed.