Análisis de las políticas de desegregación e inclusión social en el contexto español / Análise das políticas de desagregação e inclusão social no contexto espanhol / Analysis of the desegregation and social inclusion policies in the Spanish context

Resumen En España, muchas actuaciones de erradicación del chabolismo se centraban únicamente en la eliminación de los aspectos más visibles del problema, generando desacuerdo social. Este trabajo analiza en qué medida las nuevas políticas de realojo y dispersión aplicadas recientemente en los poblados chabolistas del noroeste de este país fomentan actitudes favorables hacia la inclusión social de las personas desplazadas, la mayoría de etnia gitana. Para ello se ha realizado un cuestionario que recoge las percepciones tanto de los afectados por los realojos como de las personas que los acogen en sus vecindarios. Mediante el análisis cuantitativo y exploratorio de los datos, se ha detectado una buena predisposición social hacia la inclusión social de las personas chabolistas en las viviendas normalizadas, identificando aquellos aspectos en los que es necesario reforzar este tipo de intervenciones.

Na Espanha, muitas ações de erradicação de favelas foram focadas apenas na eliminação dos aspectos mais visíveis do problema, criando discórdia social. Este artigo analisa em que medida as novas políticas de reassentamento e dispersão recentemente implementadas nas favelas do noroeste do país promovem atitudes favoráveis à inclusão social das pessoas deslocadas, a maioria ciganos. Para isso, foi feito um questionário que captura as percepções de dois grupos: os que foram reassentados e as pessoas que os recebem em seus bairros. Por meio da análise de dados quantitativos e exploratória, temos detectado uma boa predisposição social para a inclusão social dos moradores de favelas em habitações normais, identificando os aspectos que necessitam de reforço dessas intervenções.

Abstract In Spain, many experiences in slum clearance have been focused solely on eliminating the most visible aspects of the problem, creating social dissatisfaction. This article analyzes the extent to which new policies of relocation and dispersion recently applied in the slum areas of northwest Spain, foster favorable attitudes towards social inclusion of the displaced persons, who are mostly Roma. A questionnaire was applied in order to capture the perception of both those affected by relocations and those who receive the displaced persons in their neighborhoods. By quantitative, exploratory data analysis, we have detected a good social predisposition towards social inclusion of underprivileged people in the process of adaptation to live in houses with appropriate infrastructure, identifying those aspects needed to strengthen these kinds of interventions.

Assessment of port sustainability through synthetic indexes. Application to the Spanish case.

In general, Synthetic Indexes of sustainability have been applied to specific countries and regions. With some variations, the ones considered simple, such as the case of the Ecological Footprint (EF), have been applied to port areas. The same has not happened with those of a multidimensional nature (Global Synthetics) that still have a minimal and partial presence in the analysis of port sustainability. Understanding that this type of index represents an interesting and novel avenue of research applied to port systems, this contribution analyses and ranks a sample of 16 Spanish Port Authorities that group 23 ports of general interest using a Global Synthetic Index of Sustainability (developed using the four dimensions of sustainable development: economic, institutional, environmental and social).

Sustainability and the Spanish port system. Analysis of the relationship between economic and environmental indicators.

Research into the methodological development of alternative systems of sustainability measures is recent. In understanding sustainable development in a multi-dimensional sense, one of the most significant advances was the construction of Synthetic Indexes, applicable to different spatial spheres or to organisations, businesses, institutions, etc. The Spanish port system of general interest comprises 46 ports integrated in 28 Port Authorities, which in 2014 moved 482,000,000t of goods and more than 28 million passengers. This gives an idea of its importance for the Spanish economy. Using a derivation of the procedure used to calculate the Port Sustainability Synthetic Index, in this research the analysis of the relationship that exists between the findings obtained for the economic and environmental dimensions is used. This enables the existence of links between ports and economic and environmental indicators for a sample of 16 Port Authorities of Spain to be verified.

Los futuros docentes y su actitud hacia la inclusión de personas con discapacidad. Una perspectiva de género / Future teachers and their attitude towards inclusion of people with disabilities. A gender perspective

La inclusión de las personas con discapacidad es una de las prioridades de las sociedades avanzadas, y para conseguirla, la educación constituye un instrumento de primera magnitud. En este trabajo se estudia el apoyo a la inclusión de estudiantes con discapacidad en el entorno universitario. El modelo teórico de referencia es el propuesto por la Teoría del Comportamiento Planeado, que se ha aplicado utilizando los datos obtenidos a través de una encuesta realizada a 621 estudiantes de las titulaciones de Ciencias de la Educación en la Universidad de A Coruña, durante el curso 2010-2011. Los resultados muestran la importancia del género como factor diferenciador, revelando una mayor implicación de las mujeres que de los hombres para favorecer la inclusión de los compañeros universitarios con discapacidad. La relevancia de estos resultados aumenta si se considera la repercusión social que tiene esta mayor implicación del colectivo mayoritario en el ámbito de la educación en su fase más temprana, momento en el que se produce la formación de actitudes

The inclusion of people with disabilities is a priority in advanced societies. To get it, education is one of the best tools. In this paper, we have studied the support for the inclusion of students with disabilities in the university environment. Our work is related to the theoretical model proposed by the Theory of Planned Behavior and was performed by using data obtained through a survey conducted at the University of A Coruña(Spain) during the 2010-2011 academic year, to 621 students from all degrees in Education Science. The results show the importance of gender asa differentiating factor, revealing a greater involvement of women compared to men, in the stimulus of the inclusion of their university peers suffering disability. The relevance of these results increases if we consider the social impact of this higher involvement of this group (women), that is majority in the primary education, when the formation of attitudes is developed