ABSTRACT
Azasugars, "nitrogen in the ring" analogues of monosaccharides, are known to be distributed in select plant, fungal. and bacterial species. We identify Chitinophaga pinensis DSM 2588 as the first bacterial source of the plant pyrrolidine azasugar 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-aminoarabinitol (DAB-1). Comparative sequence analyses identified C. pinensis as a putative azasugar producer, via observation of a three-gene cluster coding for putative aminotransferase, alcohol dehydrogenase, and sugar phosphatase enzymes, similar to the previously reported azasugar biosynthetic signature identified in Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB42. Multistep fractionation of C. pinensis culture media guided by a maltase inhibition assay yielded a component with a mass consistent with the structure of DAB-1. Heterologous expression of the three-gene cluster in E. coli, a non-azasugar producer, led to the isolation of nectrisine, a biosynthetic precursor to DAB-1, which displayed potent slow tight binding inhibition of maltase. Reduction of nectrisine with NaBH4 removed the slow tight binding inhibition kinetics, and MS analysis provided evidence for the production of a compound matching that of the isolated DAB-1 from C. pinensis. 1H NMR analysis of the nectrisine produced in E. coli after NaBD4 reduction produced a spectrum consistent with DAB-1 deuterated at C-1, primarily at the pro-S position. These results support the idea that the azasugar three-gene cluster represents a general biosynthetic path leading to several different compounds, which may prove useful for the identification of other azasugar-producing organisms.
Subject(s)
Aza Compounds/metabolism , Bacteroidetes/metabolism , Genes, Bacterial , Multigene Family , Pyrrolidines/metabolism , Sugars/metabolism , Bacterial Proteins/metabolism , Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Pyrrolidines/chemistryABSTRACT
La lepra es una enfermedad transmisible tan antigua como el hombre mismo. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo, para caracterizar algunos aspectos clínicos-epidemiológicos de la lepra, en el período 20132017, Municipio Yara, Provincia, Granma. El universo estuvo constituido por 13 pacientes notificados y registrados con la enfermedad. Se confeccionó una planilla que recogió las variables clínicas-epidemiológicas: edad, sexo, y formas clínicas (Según Madrid y operacional o sanitaria), se utilizó el método estadístico de por cientos para el procesamiento de los datos. El año de mayor incidencia de la enfermedad fue 2014, el grupo etáreo 60-74 años aporto el mayor número de casos, el sexo masculino fue el más representativo, las formas clínicas según la clasificación de Madrid, predominante fue lepra lepromatosa, de acuerdo a la operacional, los multibacilares. La pesquisa activa y diagnóstico oportuno de la lepra podría disminuir la aparición de sus complicaciones y la invalidez que causa(AU)
The leprosy is a transmissible disease so ancient like the man per se. A descriptive retrospective study, in order to characterize some clinical epidemiologic aspects of the leprosy in the period, accomplished 2013 it self2017, Municipio Yara, Provincia, Granma. The universe was constituted for 13 patients notified and registered with the disease. A payroll that gathered the clinical epidemiologic variables was manufactured: Age, sex, and clinical forms (According To Madrid and operational or sanitary), you utilized the statistical method of by the hundreds for the processing of the data. The year of bigger incidence of the disease was 2014, the group etáreo 60-74 years I contribute the bigger number of cases, the masculine sex was the more representative, the clinical forms according to the classification of Madrid, prevailing lepromatosa, according to the operational the multi-bacillar was leprosy. The active investigation and opportune diagnosis of the leprosy would be able to decrease the appearing of his complications that it causes and the invalidity(EU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Leprosy/epidemiology , Leprosy/prevention & control , Communicable Diseases , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
RESUMEN La lepra es una enfermedad transmisible tan antigua como el hombre mismo. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo, para caracterizar algunos aspectos clínicos-epidemiológicos de la lepra, en el período 2013 - 2017, Municipio Yara, Provincia, Granma. El universo estuvo constituido por 13 pacientes notificados y registrados con la enfermedad. Se confeccionó una planilla que recogió las variables clínicas-epidemiológicas: edad, sexo, y formas clínicas (Según Madrid y operacional o sanitaria), se utilizó el método estadístico de por cientos para el procesamiento de los datos. El año de mayor incidencia de la enfermedad fue 2014, el grupo etáreo 60-74 años aporto el mayor número de casos, el sexo masculino fue el más representativo, las formas clínicas según la clasificación de Madrid, predominante fue lepra lepromatosa, de acuerdo a la operacional, los multibacilares. La pesquisa activa y diagnóstico oportuno de la lepra podría disminuir la aparición de sus complicaciones y la invalidez que causa.
ABSTRACT The leprosy is a transmissible disease so ancient like the man per se. A descriptive retrospective study, in order to characterize some clinical epidemiologic aspects of the leprosy in the period, accomplished 2013 itself - 2017, Municipio Yara, Provincia, Granma. The universe was constituted for 13 patients notified and registered with the disease. A payroll that gathered the clinical epidemiologic variables was manufactured: Age, sex, and clinical forms (According To Madrid and operational or sanitary), you utilized the statistical method of by the hundreds for the processing of the data. The year of bigger incidence of the disease was 2014, the group etáreo 60-74 years I contribute the bigger number of cases, the masculine sex was the more representative, the clinical forms according to the classification of Madrid, prevailing lepromatosa, according to the operational the multi-bacillar was leprosy. The active investigation and opportune diagnosis of the leprosy would be able to decrease the appearing of his complications that it causes and the invalidity.
