Safety of concurrent treatment of dogs with fluralaner (Bravecto™) and milbemycin oxime-praziquantel.

BACKGROUND: Fluralaner (Bravecto™; Merck/MSD Animal Health) is a novel systemic ectoparasiticide for dogs providing long-acting flea and tick control after a single oral dose. Milbemycin oxime and praziquantel are routinely used to control Dirofilaria immitis and intestinal worm infections in dogs. The safety of concurrent use of fluralaner and a commercially available milbemycin oxime plus praziquantel combination tablet, in particular with regard to gastrointestinal symptoms, was investigated using oral doses at or above the maximum recommended rates. FINDINGS: Some minor and transient clinical findings were observed during the study period; however, none of these was considered to be related to concurrent treatment with fluralaner and milbemycin oxime plus praziquantel, or to the use of either product alone. CONCLUSIONS: Concurrent treatment with fluralaner, milbemycin oxime and praziquantel is well tolerated in dogs.

Safety of fluralaner, a novel systemic antiparasitic drug, in MDR1(-/-) Collies after oral administration.

BACKGROUND: Fluralaner is a novel systemic ectoparasiticide for dogs providing long-acting flea- and tick-control after a single oral dose. This study investigated the safety of oral administration of fluralaner at 3 times the highest expected clinical dose to Multi Drug Resistance Protein 1 (MDR1(-/-)) gene defect Collies. METHODS: Sixteen Collies homozygous for the MDR1 deletion mutation were included in the study. Eight Collies received fluralaner chewable tablets once at a dose of 168 mg/kg; eight sham dosed Collies served as controls. All Collies were clinically observed until 28 days following treatment. RESULTS: No adverse events were observed subsequent to fluralaner treatment of MDR1(-/-) Collies at three times the highest expected clinical dose. CONCLUSIONS: Fluralaner chewable tablets are well tolerated in MDR1(-/-) Collies following oral administration.

Pharmacokinetics of fluralaner in dogs following a single oral or intravenous administration.

BACKGROUND: Fluralaner is a novel systemic insecticide and acaricide. The purpose of these studies was to investigate the pharmacokinetic properties of fluralaner in Beagle dogs following single oral or intravenous (i.v.) administration. METHODS: Following the oral administration of 12.5, 25 or 50 mg fluralaner/kg body weight (BW), formulated as chewable tablets or i.v. administration of 12.5 mg fluralaner/kg BW, formulated as i.v. solution to 24 Beagles, plasma samples were collected until 112 days after treatment. Plasma concentrations of fluralaner were measured using HPLC-MS/MS. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by non-compartmental methods. RESULTS: After oral administration, maximum plasma concentrations (C(max)) were reached within 1 day on average. Fluralaner was quantifiable in plasma for up to 112 days after single oral and i.v. treatment. The apparent half-life of fluralaner was 12-15 days and the mean residence time was 15-20 days. The apparent volume of distribution of fluralaner was 3.1 L/kg, and clearance was 0.14 L/kg/day. CONCLUSIONS: Fluralaner is readily absorbed after single-dose oral administration, and has a long elimination half-life, long mean residence time, relatively high apparent volume of distribution, and low clearance. These pharmacokinetic characteristics help to explain the prolonged activity of fluralaner against fleas and ticks on dogs after a single oral dose.

Safety of fluralaner chewable tablets (Bravecto), a novel systemic antiparasitic drug, in dogs after oral administration.

BACKGROUND: Fluralaner is a novel systemic insecticide and acaricide that provides long acting efficacy in dogs after a single oral treatment. This study investigated the safety of oral administration of fluralaner in chewable tablets to dogs at the highest recommended treatment dose and at multiples of this dose. METHODS: Thirty-two (16 male and 16 female) healthy 8-week old Beagle dogs weighing 2.0 - 3.6 kg at first administration were included in the study. Fluralaner was administered on three occasions at 8-week intervals at doses of up to 56, 168, and 280 mg fluralaner/kg body weight, equivalent to 1, 3, and 5 times the highest recommended treatment dose of fluralaner; sham dosed dogs served as controls.During the study, all dogs were clinically observed, and their health was carefully monitored including body weight development, food consumption and measurement of hematology, coagulation, clinical chemistry (including measurement of levels of ACTH and C-reactive protein) and urinalysis. Following euthanasia of the dogs, complete gross post mortem examination, including organ weight determination, and histopathological examination of multiple tissues were conducted. RESULTS: There were no clinical findings related to fluralaner treatment. Statistically significant differences between the treated groups and the control group were observed for some clinical pathology parameters and organ weights; none of these findings were considered to be of clinical relevance. CONCLUSIONS: Oral administration of fluralaner at the highest recommended treatment dose (56 mg/kg) at 8-week intervals is well tolerated and has a safety margin of more than five in healthy dogs eight weeks of age or older and weighing at least 2 kg.

Safety of the concurrent treatment of dogs with Bravecto (fluralaner) and Scalibor protectorband (deltamethrin).

BACKGROUND: Bravecto (fluralaner; MSD Animal Health) is a novel systemic ectoparasiticide for dogs providing long-acting flea- and tick-control after a single oral dose. Scalibor Protectorband (deltamethrin; MSD Animal Health) is a collar often used to reduce sandfly feeding for leishmaniasis prevention. This study investigated the safety of the concurrent use of Bravecto and Scalibor Protectorband at the recommended dosage regimens. FINDINGS: Throughout the study period of 24 weeks, there were no clinical findings related to the concurrent treatment with Bravecto in dogs fitted with Scalibor Protectorband at the recommended dosage regimen. CONCLUSIONS: Concurrent treatment with Bravecto in dogs fitted with Scalibor Protectorband is well tolerated.

The effect of food on the pharmacokinetics of oral fluralaner in dogs.

BACKGROUND: Fluralaner is a novel systemic ectoparasiticide for dogs providing long-acting flea- and tick-control after a single oral dose. The pharmacokinetics of orally administered drugs may be influenced by feeding. This study investigated the influence of concurrent feeding on fluralaner pharmacokinetics. METHODS: Twelve fasted or fed beagles received a single oral administration of 25 mg fluralaner/kg body weight in a chewable tablet. Plasma samples were collected at multiple post-treatment time points for fluralaner concentration analysis. Clinical observations were performed on all dogs at regular intervals throughout the study. RESULTS: Fluralaner was readily absorbed in fasted and fed dogs administered at a dose of 25 mg/kg BW with a similar mean tmax for both groups. In fed dogs, AUC and C(max) were increased compared to fasted dogs by a factor of 2.5 and 2.1 respectively. The difference in AUC and C(max) between the fed and fasted groups was statistically significant. No adverse events were observed following oral fluralaner administration to fasted and fed dogs. CONCLUSIONS: Fluralaner is absorbed to a considerable extent in fasted and fed dogs. Administration of fluralaner chewable tablets with food significantly increases bioavailability.