ABSTRACT
Pick-and-roll is the most widespread cooperative action among high-level basketball teams and the most applied strategy by coaches to gain an advantage over the rival team. During pick-and-roll, opposing teams perform antagonistic actions based on goals that are expressed in offensive and defensive tactics. The aim of this study is to examine the approaches of high-level coaches on the offensive and defensive dynamics emerging in matches of a basketball elite team during an entire season of the Spanish Asociación de Clubes de Baloncesto (ACB) league. To this end, we used a mixed-methods approach based on systematic observation of verbatim transcripts of interviews conducted with six high-level coaches about the pick-and-roll dynamics that emerged in matches of the Unicaja Málaga team during an entire season of the ACB league. The observational design was nomothetic, punctual, and multidimensional. The choice of this methodology is justified since we developed an ad hoc indirect observation tool to evaluate the coaches' perspective on this dynamic. Once the intra-observer reliability of the instrument was confirmed, we performed a polar coordinate analysis to identify the significant relationships between the coaches' evaluations and the offensive and defensive pick-and-roll elements that supported such verbal behaviors. The results highlight the presence of various offensive and defensive aspects of pick-and-roll (n = 2224) emerging in the Unicaja team that were significantly associated with positive and negative evaluations of the coaches. The interview confirms that coach 1 and his staff were less confident in options that pick-and-roll offer, which is also reflected in the record of screens made and simulated, than coach 3. This study shows that the application of mixed methods, by analysis of the polar coordinate of the coding carried out on responses of a systematized interview, has proven to be an effective strategy in obtaining relevant information on the expert knowledge of the elite coaches on the influence of pick-and-roll on tactical actions in basketball.
ABSTRACT
El objetivo de este estudio fue caracterizar las acciones del pick and roll y su influencia en el juego en baloncesto de alto nivel. Se analizó la eficacia táctica y de marcador en función de distintos factores que inciden en las situaciones de juego mediante un diseño observacional nomotético, puntual y multidimensional en 18 equipos de la liga ACB de baloncesto. Un instrumento observacional ad hoc (VTP&R) fue validado por un panel de 20 expertos de alto nivel y se comprobó la fiabilidad en la observación por parte de los investigadores. El análisis de datos se realizó mediante el análisis secuencial de retardos, el análisis de coordenadas polares y los estadísticos descriptivos cuantitativos. Del total de acciones analizadas (n=3895), el 25,3% se corresponden a pick and roll (n=984). Solo el 36,3% de las acciones de pick and roll se han mostrado eficaces en el marcador, mientras que el 85,7% lo son tácticamente. La interpretación de los resultados muestra el interés en complementar el análisis del juego en baloncesto a través de los mixed methods. La posibilidad de determinar qué acciones se realizan en cada momento del partido y de qué manera se ejecutan, así como establecer patrones de respuesta táctica en función de los distintos factores que intervienen en el juego, justifica la utilidad de los resultados aquí obtenidos y se concluye el interés en incorporar las distintas técnicas analíticas de la metodología observacional a los procesos de análisis del baloncesto (AU)
O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar as ações de pick and roll e a sua influência em basquetebol de alto nível. Analisou-se a eficácia tática e de marcador em função de distintos fatores que incidem nas situações de jogo mediante um desenho observacional nomotético, pontual e multidimensional em 18 equipas da Liga ACB de basquetebol. Um instrumento observacional ad hoc (VTP&R) foi validado por um painel de 20 experts de alto ní- vel e comprovou-se a fiabilidade na observação por parte dos investigadores. A análise de dados realizou-se mediante a análise sequencial de retardos, a análise de coordenadas polares e a estatística descritiva quantitativa. Do total das ações analisadas (n=3895), 25% corresponde a pick and roll (n=984). Só 36,3% das ações de pick and roll se demonstraram eficazes no marcador, enquanto que 85,7% o são táticamente. A interpretação dos resultados mostra o interesse em complementar a análise de jogo em basquetebol através dos mixed methods. A possibilidade de determinar que ações se realizam em cada momento do jogo e de que forma se executam, assim como estabelecer padrões de resposta tática em função dos distintos fatores que intervêm no jogo, justifica a utilidade dos resultados aqui obtidos e conclui-se o interesse em incorporar as distintas técnicas analíticas da metodologia observacional aos processos de análise de basquetebol (AU)
The objective of this study was to characterize 'pick and roll' actions and its influence on top-level basketball. Tactical and scoring efficiency was analysed depending on various factors that affected game situations using a multidimensional, punctual and nomothetic observational design from 18 teams in the ACB Basketball league. An ad hoc observational instrument (VTP&R) was validated by a panel of 20 senior experts and the accuracy of the results confirmed by the researchers. Data analysis was performed by lag sequential analysis, polar coordinates analysis and quantitative descriptive statistics. Of the total plays analysed (n=3895), 25,3% correspond to pick and roll (n=984). Only 36,3% of the 'pick and roll' plays were effective on the scoreboard, while 85,7% were effective tactically. The interpretation of the results shows the interest in completing basketball game analysis through mixed methods. The ability to determine what actions are performed at any given moment of the game and how to execute and establish tactical response patterns depending on the various factors involved in the game, justifies the usefulness of the results obtained here and clearly illustrates the interest in incorporating different analytical techniques observational methodology to the analytical processes of basketbal (AU)
