Fatores que influenciam a qualidade da carne de pequenos ruminantes / Factors influencing the quality of the meat of small ruminant

Essa revisão teve como objetivo apresentar uma discussão sobre os diferentes fatores que interferem na qualidade de carne de pequenos ruminantes, criados na caatinga e alimentados com forragem nativa. A grande diversidade de forrageiras no bioma caatinga eleva seu potencial de utilização como fonte alimentar para os pequenos ruminantes; porém, a composição dessa vegetação pode provocar alterações na qualidade do produto final. Com isso, é imprescindível conhecer os diferentes efeitos desses vegetais sobre o desempenho e qualidade de carcaça dos animais criados a pasto. Diversos fatores, tais como nutrição, tipo de alimentação, podem estar diretamente relacionados com alterações na qualidade do produto final, principalmente em animais alimentados com plantas nativas, que possuem em sua composição compostos secundários, que podem melhorar ou prejudicar a nutrição e a qualidade da carne desses animais, levando a uma necessidade de conhecer as características expressas do alimento sobre o produto final, para evitar resultados indesejáveis. Nesse contexto, pesquisas com a utilização de forrageiras nativas da caatinga são justificáveis, pois favorecem o desenvolvimento de estratégias nutricionais adequadas ao maior rendimento produtivo dos rebanhos, atreladas à qualidade da carne.(AU)

The review aimed to present a discussion of the various factors that affect the quality of meat of small ruminants reared in the bush and fed native forage. The great diversity of forage in the caatinga biome raises its potential for use as a food source for small ruminants, but the composition of the vegetation may change the quality of the final product. It is essential to know the different effects of these plants on the performance and carcass quality of animals raised on pasture. Thus various factors such as nutrition, food type, can be directly related to changes in the quality of the final product, especially in animals fed with native plants which possess in their secondary compound composition which can improve or impair the nutrition and quality of meat these animals, it leads to the need to know the characteristics of the food expressed on the final product to avoid undesirable results. In this context, research on the use of native caatinga fodder are justifiable, since it favors the development of nutritional strategies appropriate to the highest yield of the herds linked to meat quality.(AU)

Fatores que influenciam a qualidade da carne de pequenos ruminantes / Factors influencing the quality of the meat of small ruminant

Essa revisão teve como objetivo apresentar uma discussão sobre os diferentes fatores que interferem na qualidade de carne de pequenos ruminantes, criados na caatinga e alimentados com forragem nativa. A grande diversidade de forrageiras no bioma caatinga eleva seu potencial de utilização como fonte alimentar para os pequenos ruminantes; porém, a composição dessa vegetação pode provocar alterações na qualidade do produto final. Com isso, é imprescindível conhecer os diferentes efeitos desses vegetais sobre o desempenho e qualidade de carcaça dos animais criados a pasto. Diversos fatores, tais como nutrição, tipo de alimentação, podem estar diretamente relacionados com alterações na qualidade do produto final, principalmente em animais alimentados com plantas nativas, que possuem em sua composição compostos secundários, que podem melhorar ou prejudicar a nutrição e a qualidade da carne desses animais, levando a uma necessidade de conhecer as características expressas do alimento sobre o produto final, para evitar resultados indesejáveis. Nesse contexto, pesquisas com a utilização de forrageiras nativas da caatinga são justificáveis, pois favorecem o desenvolvimento de estratégias nutricionais adequadas ao maior rendimento produtivo dos rebanhos, atreladas à qualidade da carne.

The review aimed to present a discussion of the various factors that affect the quality of meat of small ruminants reared in the bush and fed native forage. The great diversity of forage in the caatinga biome raises its potential for use as a food source for small ruminants, but the composition of the vegetation may change the quality of the final product. It is essential to know the different effects of these plants on the performance and carcass quality of animals raised on pasture. Thus various factors such as nutrition, food type, can be directly related to changes in the quality of the final product, especially in animals fed with native plants which possess in their secondary compound composition which can improve or impair the nutrition and quality of meat these animals, it leads to the need to know the characteristics of the food expressed on the final product to avoid undesirable results. In this context, research on the use of native caatinga fodder are justifiable, since it favors the development of nutritional strategies appropriate to the highest yield of the herds linked to meat quality.

Use of the male effect associated with different durations of mating season in goats in the semiarid of Pernambuco / Uso do efeito macho associado a diferentes durações de estação de monta em caprinos no semiárido pernambucano

Background: The goat rearing is practiced mainly in the Northeast region with semiarid climate, since climate conditionsand vegetation are extremely favorable to the species, but it has low productivity due to the low level of technology employed. Management alternatives aimed at maximizing productivity at low cost are essential tools for the reversal of thisframework. Aiming to focus the onset of estrus for females at low cost is common to use the male effect with the breedingseason, representing a practical, inexpensive and efficient methodology for the producer Thus, this study is to evaluate theeffect of different durations of mating season associated with the male effect on reproductive performance of multiparousAlpine goats during the dry and rainy seasons.Materials, Methods & Results: The survey was conducted in the municipality of Serra Talhada-PE from October 2011 toMay 2013. A total of 160 multiparous females aged between 22 and 74 months and four breeders aged between 24 and 38months were used. In the first step, we tested the mating season durations 25 (MS-25) and 45 days (MS-45). In the secondstep, the mating seasons were 25 (MS-25) and 15 days (MS-15) in different climate periods, each experimental groupconsisting of 20 females and one breeder that has been away from females for 15 days before starting the season in orderto stimulate the male effect and thus synchronizing the estrus. The lots were observed at 6:00 and 16:00 pm by qualifiedpersonnel to identify the mated females and after 45 days of the last mating, an ultrasound examination was performed todetect the matrices that had positive pregnancy, assessing the data by the Chi-square test at 5% significance. The estrusresults obtained during the first stage of...

Use of the male effect associated with different durations of mating season in goats in the semiarid of Pernambuco / Uso do efeito macho associado a diferentes durações de estação de monta em caprinos no semiárido pernambucano

Background: The goat rearing is practiced mainly in the Northeast region with semiarid climate, since climate conditionsand vegetation are extremely favorable to the species, but it has low productivity due to the low level of technology employed. Management alternatives aimed at maximizing productivity at low cost are essential tools for the reversal of thisframework. Aiming to focus the onset of estrus for females at low cost is common to use the male effect with the breedingseason, representing a practical, inexpensive and efficient methodology for the producer Thus, this study is to evaluate theeffect of different durations of mating season associated with the male effect on reproductive performance of multiparousAlpine goats during the dry and rainy seasons.Materials, Methods & Results: The survey was conducted in the municipality of Serra Talhada-PE from October 2011 toMay 2013. A total of 160 multiparous females aged between 22 and 74 months and four breeders aged between 24 and 38months were used. In the first step, we tested the mating season durations 25 (MS-25) and 45 days (MS-45). In the secondstep, the mating seasons were 25 (MS-25) and 15 days (MS-15) in different climate periods, each experimental groupconsisting of 20 females and one breeder that has been away from females for 15 days before starting the season in orderto stimulate the male effect and thus synchronizing the estrus. The lots were observed at 6:00 and 16:00 pm by qualifiedpersonnel to identify the mated females and after 45 days of the last mating, an ultrasound examination was performed todetect the matrices that had positive pregnancy, assessing the data by the Chi-square test at 5% significance. The estrusresults obtained during the first stage of...(AU)