ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to compare the effects of topical estrogen and genistein (a soy isoflavone) on the facial skin collagen of postmenopausal women not undergoing systemic hormonal therapy. METHODS: This is a prospective, double blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial. Volunteer women (N = 30) 45-55 year old from the Endocrine Gynecology sector of the Gynecology Department of the Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP). The Ethical Committee of the Federal University of São Paulo approved the study (report no. 386/2004; registration on ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01553773), were assigned to topical treatment with either estrogen or genistein for 24 weeks. We quantified and compared facial collagen concentration before and after each treatment by performing pre-auricular skin biopsies. RESULTS: Our data showed an increase in the amount of both type I and type III facial collagen by the end of both treatments. However, the outcomes of the estrogen GI (ER) group were superior to the genistein GII (GEN) group, with statistical significance p < 000.1 Conclusion: Treatment with topical estrogen is superior to genistein, but both have positive impacts on facial skin collagen. Nevertheless, it is still unclear whether prolonged use of genistein and other topical phytoestrogens could produce systemic effects and further research is needed to clarify this question.
Subject(s)
Collagen/metabolism , Estradiol/administration & dosage , Genistein/administration & dosage , Phytoestrogens/administration & dosage , Postmenopause/drug effects , Skin/drug effects , Double-Blind Method , Face , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Skin/metabolismABSTRACT
Objective: to describe the socioeconomic characteristics of the elderly according to cognitive status, and, to associate the cognitive decline with functional disability and depression indicative among the elderly. Methods:this is a quantitative, retrospective and observational study with 92 elderly. The used instruments were: Mini Examination of Mental State; Katz Index; Lawton and Brody Scale and Abbreviated Geriatric Depression Scale. Statistical analysis and chi-square test (p<0.05) were used. Results: elderly with a cognitive decline for females were predominant, 80 years and older, widowed and living with children, with one to three years of study, individual income up to a minimum wage. The proportion of elderly with a dependent cognitive decline in basic activities of daily living (p=0.043) and instrumental activities of daily living (p=0.008) was higher than independent. There were no significant differences in the depression indicative (p=0.437). Conclusion: the proportion of dependent elderly was higher in those with cognitive decline.
Objetivo: descrever as características socioeconômicas dos idosos segundo status cognitivo, e; associar odeclínio cognitivo com a incapacidade funcional e o indicativo de depressão entre idosos. Métodos: estudoquantitativo, retrospectivo e observacional com 92 idosos. Foram utilizados os instrumentos: Mini Exame doEstado Mental; Índice de Katz; Escala de Lawton e Brody e Escala de Depressão Geriátrica Abreviada. Utilizou-seanálise estatística e teste qui-quadrado (p<0,05). Resultados: predominaram idosos com declínio cognitivo parao sexo feminino, 80 anos e mais, viúvos e que moravam com filhos, com um a três anos de estudo, renda individualde até um salário mínimo. A proporção de idosos com declínio cognitivo dependentes nas atividades básicas devida diária (p=0,043) e atividades instrumentais de vida diária (p=0,008) foi superior aos independentes. Nãohouve diferenças significativas quanto ao indicativo de depressão (p=0,437). Conclusão: a proporção de idososdependentes foi superior naqueles com declínio cognitivo.
