ABSTRACT
ACE inhibitors generated from food proteins have recently become the most well-known subclass of bioactive peptides, and their bio-functionality can be a potential alternative to natural bioactive food components and synthetic drugs. The bioactivities of Acrochaetium sp., the red alga used in this investigation, have never been reported before. Screening of bioactive peptides from Acrochaetium sp. as ACE inhibitors were hydrolyzed with various proteolytic enzymes. Protein hydrolysates were fractionated separately using reversed phased (RP) and strong cation exchange (SCX) chromatography and identified as VGGSDLQAL (VL-9) using α-chymotrypsin. It comes from Phycoerythrin (PE), an abundant protein in a primarily red alga. The peptide VL-9 shows the ACE inhibitory activity with IC50 value 433.1 ± 1.08 µM. The inhibition pattern showed VL-9 as a non-competitive inhibitor. Molecular docking simulation proved that VL-9 was non-competitive inhibition due to the interaction peptide and ACE was not in the catalytic site. Moreover, VL-9 derived from Acrochaetium sp. is a natural bioactive peptide that is safer and available for food protein; also, the ACE inhibitory peptide derived from Acrochaetium sp. could be the one alternative resource to develop functional food for combating hypertension.
Subject(s)
Rhodophyta , Synthetic Drugs , Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/chemistry , Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology , Angiotensins , Molecular Docking Simulation , Peptide Hydrolases/metabolism , Peptides/pharmacology , Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/chemistry , Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/metabolism , Phycoerythrin , Protein Hydrolysates/chemistry , Rhodophyta/metabolismABSTRACT
In this study, the application of an autochthonous microorganism as probiotic on catfish (Clarias sp.) was scarcely reported. This study aimed to obtain probiotic candidates from the digestive tract (intestinal and gastric) of catfish. A total of nine isolates were successfully isolated from the catfish. Almost all bacterial colonies were morphologically round, had flat edges, were yellow, and produced clear zones as a sign of producing acid during culture. The analysis showed that the three isolates had the best activity in inhibiting fish pathogen isolates. Furthermore, molecular analysis revealed that those three isolates were Bacillus velezensis UB-C1, Bacillus amyloliquifaciens UB-C5, and Bacillus cereus UB-C8. Interestingly, those three bacteria were non-lactic acid bacteria.
ABSTRACT
The objective of this study was to investigate the antibacterial activity of primary and secondary metabolites from Vibrio alginoliticus isolated from sponge Haliclona sp. against Staphylococcus aureus. A descriptive method was used in this research. The antibacterial activity was analysed by paper disk method. The results showed that the primary metabolites produced by Vibrio alginoliticus that is in symbiosis with sponge Haliclona sp. were able to effectively inhibit Staphylococcus aureus growth with an inhibition zone diameter of 12.9 mm, while the secondary metabolites of 9.9 mm. Electrophoresis analysis of the primary metabolites showed that there were 11 protein bands which were not found in secondary metabolites. Protein bands with low molecular weights presumably had an inhibiting effect on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus.
