ABSTRACT
Abduction strength of the thumb was measured in normal men (n = 101; age range, 21-94 years) and women (n = 208; age range, 20-97 years). Abduction-strength measurements were conducted concurrently with grip and pinch strength measurements made by well-established clinical methods. Normal values were established and stratified by age and sex. Thumb abduction strength generally correlated with grip and pinch strength. All strength variables at all ages were greater in men than in women. The magnitude of all strength variables was maintained from 20 to 59 years of age, then decreased with increasing age in both men and women. Measurement of thumb abduction strength may prove to be a useful adjunct to the various tests currently used by hand surgeons to assess hand function.
Subject(s)
Aging/physiology , Hand Strength/physiology , Isometric Contraction/physiology , Thumb/physiology , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Reference Values , Sex FactorsSubject(s)
Insurance, Health, Reimbursement , Organ Transplantation , Patient Selection , Resource Allocation , Tissue and Organ Procurement/organization & administration , Government Regulation , Humans , Managed Care Programs , Organ Transplantation/economics , Quality Assurance, Health Care , Tissue and Organ Procurement/legislation & jurisprudence , United StatesABSTRACT
Radionuclide imaging was evaluated as a diagnostic tool in predicting the outcomes of endodontic procedures. Endodontic techniques intended to produce successful or unsuccessful results were performed on the molars of six dogs, and the effects on apical tissues were followed radiographically and by imaging over a 14-week period. Abnormally high uptake of radionuclides was observed during the first month following treatment in all teeth, regardless of the technique used. Persistent high uptake beyond that time was found to be associated with a failing course of therapy. Various root canal filling materials were also tested for their effects on bone formation in a rabbit model of healing bone. Experimental bone formation was inhibited by two commercial canal cements but not by either gutta-percha or silver points. It was tentatively concluded that the inhibitory effect of cements may serve to suppress heightened bone turnover associated with apical breakdown.
Subject(s)
Alveolar Process/physiology , Osteogenesis , Root Canal Filling Materials/pharmacology , Root Canal Obturation/methods , Alveolar Process/diagnostic imaging , Alveolar Process/drug effects , Animals , Dogs , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Female , Male , Osteogenesis/drug effects , Radionuclide Imaging , Wound Healing/drug effectsABSTRACT
Genetic mapping of ribosomal protein cistrons of Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli was performed by phage P1 mediated, generalized transduction. From an E. coli hybrid strain which carried a S. typhimuirum F' factor, an E. coli strain was constructed which had integrated S. typhimurium genetic material including the region of the strA locus. Salmonella genetic material from this hybrid was transduced into E. coli recipients. The ribosomal protein electrophoretic patterns of these hybrid transductants were correlated with the presence of markers contributed by each parent. The results of these studies indicate that cistrons for at least three characteristic S. typhimurium and two E. coli 30S ribosomal proteins are closely linked to the strA locus on the genetic maps of both organisms. At least one cistron coding for a 50S ribosomal protein is also closely linked to this locus on both maps. These findings support the concept that cistrons coding for the ribosomal proteins are clustered in one area of the genome. Mutations to spectinomycin and streptomycin resistance are closely linked in S. typhimurium and are located at strA.
Subject(s)
Bacterial Proteins , Chromosome Mapping , Escherichia coli , Salmonella typhimurium , Transduction, Genetic , Acrylates , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Bacterial Proteins/analysis , Conjugation, Genetic , Drug Resistance, Microbial , Electrophoresis , Gels , Genetic Code , Hybridization, Genetic , Mutation , Ribosomes , Salmonella typhimurium/drug effects , Streptomycin/pharmacologyABSTRACT
Intergeneric mating between Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhosa was used to locate at least three 30S ribosomal proteins near the streptomycin locus in the region of 54 to 66 min of the E. coli map. This procedure utilizes differences in the electrophoretic patterns of 30S ribosomal protein of the parents. The results show that cistrons for 30S proteins of E. coli can replace those of S. typhosa in the Salmonella genome. Moreover, in a diploid hybrid with a Salmonella endogenote and an E. coli exogenote, both sets of cistrons are expressed.
