ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Sarcoidosis is an idiopathic inflammatory disorder that is difficult to treat. There is accumulating evidence that constitutive activation of Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) signaling occurs in sarcoidosis and represents a target for treatment. Here we report the efficacy of tofacitinib, a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor, in a single patient with multiorgan sarcoidosis. METHODS: A patient with long-standing multiorgan sarcoidosis who was unresponsive to other commonly used therapies, including methotrexate, prednisone, and tumor necrosis factor α blockade, was treated with tofacitinib. RESULTS: Tofacitinib treatment resulted in clinical remission of cutaneous sarcoidosis lesions and resolution of positron emission tomography avid lesions in internal organs after 6 months. An evaluation of lesional tissue and blood before and during treatment showed resolution of granulomatous inflammation and normalization of disease biomarkers. CONCLUSION: This case illustrates the promise of JAK inhibition as a strategy to treat recalcitrant sarcoidosis and suggests that further study of JAK inhibitors in sarcoidosis is needed.
ABSTRACT
Although new MR imaging techniques can provide high-resolution information on CSF dynamics and are not associated with ionizing radiation, SPECT/CT cisternography is a valuable alternative for those with contraindications to MR imaging. SPECT/CT cisternography combines functional and anatomic imaging to provide accurate and detailed information on CSF distribution to be used in conjunction with clinical findings for the diagnosis and evaluation of NPH, as illustrated in this case report.
Subject(s)
Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure/diagnostic imaging , Indium Radioisotopes , Multimodal Imaging , Pentetic Acid , Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Aged , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Timeliness of care improves patient satisfaction and might improve outcomes. The CCCP was established in November 2007 to improve timeliness of care of NSCLC at the Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System (VACHS). PATIENTS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of patients diagnosed with NSCLC at VACHS between 2005 and 2010. We compared timeliness of care and stage at diagnosis before and after the implementation of the CCCP. RESULTS: Data from 352 patients were analyzed: 163 with initial abnormal imaging between January 1, 2005 and October 31, 2007, and 189 with imaging conducted between November 1, 2007 and December 31, 2010. Variables associated with a longer interval between the initial abnormal image and the initiation of therapy were: (1) earlier stage (mean of 130 days for stages I/II vs. 87 days for stages III/IV; P < .0001); (2) lack of cancer-related symptoms (145 vs. 60 days; P < .0001); (3) presence of more than 1 medical comorbidity (123 vs. 82; P = .0002); and (4) depression (126 vs. 98 days; P = .029). The percent of patients diagnosed at stages I/II increased from 32% to 48% (P = .006) after establishment of the CCCP. In a multivariate model adjusting for stage, histology, reason for imaging, and presence of primary care provider, implementation of the CCCP resulted in a mean reduction of 25 days between first abnormal image and the initiation of treatment (126 to 101 days; P = .015). CONCLUSION: A centralized, multidisciplinary, hospital-based CCCP can improve timeliness of NSCLC care, and help ensure that early stage lung cancers are diagnosed and treated.
Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/therapy , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/therapy , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/therapy , Cooperative Behavior , Lung Neoplasms/therapy , Quality Assurance, Health Care/methods , Adenocarcinoma/diagnosis , Adenocarcinoma/mortality , Aged , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/diagnosis , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/mortality , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/mortality , Disease Management , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis , Lung Neoplasms/mortality , Male , Neoplasm Staging , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies , Survival Rate , Time Factors , VeteransSubject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/diagnostic imaging , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnostic imaging , Fluorodeoxyglucose F18/pharmacokinetics , Lung Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/diagnostic imaging , Aged, 80 and over , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , Male , Positron-Emission Tomography/methods , Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology , Radiopharmaceuticals/pharmacokinetics , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/pathology , Whole Body ImagingABSTRACT
We review the literature on primary hepatic lymphoma (PHL). PHL is a rare malignancy, and constitutes about 0.016% of all cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. It has been reported to occur with increased frequency in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection. Most patients with PHL present with abdominal pain, constitutional symptoms and have hepatomegaly on examination. Imaging studies reveal solitary, or less often, multiple masses in the liver. The predominant histology is B-cell lymphoma, most commonly diffuse large cell type. Most patients are treated with chemotherapy, with some physicians employing a multimodality approach incorporating surgery and radiotherapy with chemotherapy. The prognosis is variable, with good response to early aggressive combination chemotherapy.
