Association between Height and Blood Pressure in Middle Age and Older Adults in Southeast Nigeria.

BACKGROUND: This study was carried out in Abia State, Southeast Nigeria, to determine the association between height and blood pressure in middle age and elderly adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study carried out in Abia State, Southeast Nigeria, between August 2011 and March 2012. The participants were residents in the state and were recruited from the three senatorial zones of the state. The total number of participants that took part in the study was 2,487 adults. The World Health Organisation STEPwise approach to surveillance of chronic disease risk factors was used. Information collected included blood pressure and anthropometric measurements. The association between height and blood pressure was determined. RESULTS: A total of 1,363 participants that took part in the study were >40 years old. Six hundred and fifty-five participants (48.1%) were males and 708 participants (51.9%) were females. There was no significant inverse relationship between height and blood pressure components ( Systolic Blood Pressure Diastolic Blood Pressure, and Pulse Pressure ) among the males. Among the females there was a high inverse relationship between height and blood pressure components. However, this relationship was not statistically significant. In addition, among the males there was no relationship between height and hypertension. Among the females, there was some degree of inverse relationship between height and hypertension, although multivariate regression analysis showed that this was not significant. CONCLUSION: There was an inverse but non-significant relationship between height and blood pressure components/ hypertension among males and females in Southeast Nigeria in this study.

CONTEXTE: Cette étude a été menée dans l'État d'Abia, au sud-est du Nigeria, pour déterminer, pour déterminer l'association entre la taille et la pression artérielle chez les adultes d'âge moyen et les personnes âgées. MATÉRIEL ET MÉTHODES: Il s'agissait d'une étude transversale réalisée dans l'État d'Abia, au sud-est du Nigeria, entre août 2011 et mars 2012. Les participants étaient des résidents de l'État et ont été recrutés dans les trois zones sénatoriales de l'État. Le nombre total de participants ayant pris part à l'étude était de 2 487 adultes. L'approche STEPwise de l'Organisation mondiale de la santé pour la surveillance des facteurs de risque des maladies chroniques a été utilisée. Les informations recueillies comprenaient la pression artérielle et les mesures anthropométriques. L'association entre la taille et la pression artérielle a été déterminée. RÉSULTATS: Au total, 1 363 participants à l'étude étaient âgés de plus de 40 ans. Six cent cinquante-cinq participants (48,1%) étaient des hommes et 708 participants (51,9 %) étaient des femmes. Il n'y avait pas de relation inverse significative entre la taille et les composantes de la pression artérielle (pression artérielle systolique, pression artérielle diastolique et pression du pouls) chez les hommes. Chez les femmes, on a constaté une forte relation inverse entre la taille et les composantes de la pression artérielle. Cependant, cette relation n'était pas statistiquement significative. En outre, Chez les hommes, il n'y a pas de relation entre la taille et l'hypertension. Chez les femmes, on a constaté un certain degré de relation inverse entre la taille et l'hypertension, bien que l'analyse de régression multivariée a montré qu'elle n'était pas significative. CONCLUSION: Il existe une relation inverse, mais non significative, entre la taille et les composantes de la pression artérielle/ hypertension chez les hommes et les femmes du sud-est du Nigeria. Mots clés: Taille, Hypertension, Pression artérielle, Pression artérielle systolique.

Risk Factors for Chronic Kidney Disease in Newly Diagnosed Hypertensive Subjects in Southeast Nigeria.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in newly diagnosed hypertensive patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a cross-sectional analytical study involving consenting newly diagnosed hypertensive patients who presented at GOPD of Federal Medical Centre, Umuahia, within 0-3 months of diagnosis; and non-hypertensive controls. A semi-structured interviewer- administered questionnaire was used to record the socio-demographic, anthropometric, clinical and bio-chemical characteristics of the respondents. Data were analyzed and compared between the hypertensive group and the non-hypertensive control group. RESULTS: Two hundred and sixty participants took part in the study. However, only 240 completed the study (120 hypertensive, and 120 control participants). After follow-up for 3 months, 42 (35.0%) hypertensive patients had CKD compared to 11 (9.2%) of the non-hypertensive control group. The prevalence of CKD in the hypertensive participants was significantly higher (2=23.27, p<0.001). Multivariate regression analysis of CKD with variables in the hypertensive study group showed an association between CKD and sex (p=0.020), serum triglycerides (p=0.030) as well as serum uric acid (p=0.030). In the control group there was significant association between CKD and sex (p=0.020), serum total cholesterol (p=0.030) as well as serum uric acid (p=0.030). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of CKD among newly diagnosed hypertensives in southeast Nigeria was high. In this group, CKD had an association with sex, serum uric acid and serum triglyceride.