[The Foundation for European Education in Anesthesiology (FEEA): the first steps in Russia].

The mission, structure, and working schedule of the Foundation for European Education in Anesthesiology (FEEA), an international non-profitable organization with 70 regional centers in Europe, Central and South America, Africa, and Asia, which are organized in 2006-2007 in Saint Petersburg by the Association and Society of Anesthesiologists and all the Anesthesiology Departments of the city are given. Today's geography of FEEA, dedicated to ESA diploma (DESA) exam training, is expanding in Russia.

[Professional selection and successful residency training in anesthesiology-resuscitation].

The professional carrier of 356 residents, the 1960-2007 graduates of the Saint Petersburg Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, was studied to specify approaches to professional selection of anesthesiologists. Thirty (8.4%) graduates did not work as anesthesiologists at all. It should be noted that most (n = 24) of the 30 graduates had successfully completed the residency. The anesthetic activities were generally altered under the influence of factors that are not related to successful education, namely financial, social, familial, etc. In this connection, long-term forecasting underlying professional selection appears to be of doubtful feasibility. The selection made within the first year of training (a follow-up by teachers) is valid. However, it is impossible to consider each residency graduate to be a well-trained anesthesiologist. An intermediate decision to solve this problem is to establish the new nationally accepted order: a graduate may start his/her professional career only at a university clinic or other large hospital especially licensed for this purpose, by being supervised by senior colleagues. Permission for fully independent practice should be given not earlier than after 2-3-year work at the above mentioned clinics.

[European Foundation for Education in Anesthesiology (FEEA): the first steps in Russia].

The mission, structure, and working schedule of the Foundation for European Education in Anesthesiology (FEEA), an international non-profitable organization with 70 centers being located in Europe, Central and South Americas, Africa, and Asia, are described in the article. The first FEEA seminars in Russia were organized in St. Petersburg in 2006-2007 by the Association and Society of Anesthesiologists and by all the anesthesiology departments of the city. Today's geography of FEEA seminars dedicated to European Society of Anesthesiology diploma exam training is expanding in Russia.

[The role of an objective assessment of the heart right vientricle function for the anesthesiological maintenance and intensive therapy of surgical patients].

Latent dysfunction of the heart right ventricle and hypovolemia were assessed in 50 patients divided into 4 groups, operated on the heart, abdominal aorta and lungs. It was found that after revascularization of the myocardium the diastolic disorders prevailed. In patients operated for the heart valve (mitral and aortal) diseases prevailing were the systolic and pump dysfunction of the right ventricle. Insufficiency of the right ventricle in these groups was 13% and 22% respectively. After operations on the abdominal aorta a combination of the systolic and diastolic impairments of the right ventricle were observed. After extended resections of the lungs there was a characteristic combination of systolic, diastolic and pump dysfunctions. When the operation was followed by a decreased minute volume of circulation, its cause was hypovolemia in 29% of cases in the examined surgical patients. The investigation of the right ventricle functions with the help of pulmonary arterial volumetry can reveal their latent dysfunctions as well as hypovolemia in a considerable part of surgical patients.

[Prophylaxis of endotoxicosis in the early postoperative period in patients with malignant tumors of the colon]. / Profilaktika éndotoksikoza v rannem posleoperatsionnom periode u bol'nykh so zlokachestsvennymi opukholiami tolstoi kishki.

A combination of intraoperative pharmacological Pentamine blockade by the method of increased resistance to its hypotensive effect and postoperative epidural block in the scheme of multicomponent combined general anesthesia allows to provide adequate protection of organism against surgical aggression and prevent the development of endotoxicosis at the early postoperative period in patients with malignant tumors of the colon with a coexisting pathology of the cardio-vascular system.

[Diagnosis of the stages of endogenous toxemia and differentiated use of of the methods of efferent therapy ]. / Diagnostika stadii éndogennoi intoksikatsii i differentsirovannoe primenenie metodov éfferentnoi terapii.

The work is supposed to estimate intoxication by summary indices of the medium and low mass molecules and oligopeptides in plasma, erythrocytes and urine. The indices developed made it possible to determine the stage of endogenous intoxication and to choose differentially the optimal methods of efferent therapy or a combination of methods.

[Radiologic features of respiratory distress syndrome]. / Rentgenosemiotika respiratornogo distress-sindroma.

An analysis of roentgenograms of 50 patients with a respiratory distress-syndrome has shown that roentgenosemiotics of this complication discloses alterations of permeability of pulmonary and bronchial capillaries, drainage of liquid from the interstice and alveoli, hemodynamics in the microcirculation link of the lesser circulation circle. A classification of the respiratory distress-syndrome is proposed which includes 3 stages and a period of involution of the process.

[Hemosorption in the treatment of endogenous toxemia in acute pancreatitis]. / Gemosorbtsiia v terapii éndogennoi intoksikatsii pri ostrom pankreatite.

One of important components of endogenous intoxication in acute pancreatitis is considered to be middle-mass molecules possessing high toxicity. Hemosorption improves results of complex therapy and reduces postoperative lethality by 10% at an average. The positive effect of hemosorption in focal pancreanecrosis is associated with sorption of lipase, trypsin, middle-mass molecules and other metabolites. In total pancreanecroses the effect of hemosorption was minimal. In hemosorption on the sorbent SKN the oxygenation and regional heparinization of the sorbent is indicated.

[The state of the blood kallikrein-kinin system in acute lung diseases]. / Sostoianie kallikrein-kininovoi sistemy krovi pri ostrykh legochnykh povrezhdeniiakh.

Role of lungs in regulation of blood kallikrein-kinin system was studied under conditions of massive hemorrhage in dogs as well as in heavy lung impairments of patients--acute pneumonia, shock of lungs. These stressor effects were shown to correlate with the rate of loss in lung regulating activity towards the blood kallikrein-kinin system.

[Activation of the components of the kallikrein-kinin system of the blood in critical states and their sorption on activated charcoal]. / Aktivatsiia komponentov kallikrein-kininovoi sistemy krovi v kriticheskikh sostoianiiakh i ikh sorbtsiia na aktivirovannykh ugliakh.

The authors have demonstrated activation of the Kallikrein-Kinin system in critical states and ways to decrease the level of its components in hemosorption. It was shown in experiments in 15 dogs and 120 rats (in blood loss and endotoxin shock) and in 12 patients (with acute pneumonia, Mendelson syndrome and "shock lung").

[Extracorporeal hemosorption in the intensive care of myasthenia]. / Ekstrakorporal'naia gemosorptsiia v intensivnoi terapii miastenii.

Extracorporeal hemosorption was included into the multiple-modality treatment of crises in 4 patients with severe generalized forms of myasthenia. The method was followed by a rapid and considerable regression of myasthenic disturbances, as well as by complete disappearance of respiratory disorders. Electromyographic examination revealed a two-fold increase in the amplitude of the potentials. Improvement in the patients' status made it possible to decrease the daily dose of anticholinesterase drugs by more than two times.