ABSTRACT
Efficacy of antibiotics in the treatment of experimental tularemia was studied comparatively on various biological models. It was shown that the antibiotics which proved active against the tularemia microbe in albino mice when studied by the rapid and routine methods were highly efficient in the treatment and prevention of experimental tularemia in rabbits and baboons (hamadryas). The experiments showed basic possibilities to perform rapid estimation (for at least 2 days) of drug efficacy in experimental glanders and melioidosis in golden hamsters. The rapid method developed by the authors was recommended for the use in primary estimation of the efficacy of new drugs in the treatment of tularemia, glanders and melioidosis.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Disease Models, Animal , Drug Evaluation, Preclinical/methods , Glanders/drug therapy , Melioidosis/drug therapy , Tularemia/drug therapy , Animals , Cricetinae , Glanders/mortality , Melioidosis/mortality , Mesocricetus , Mice , Papio , Rabbits , Species Specificity , Time Factors , Tularemia/mortalityABSTRACT
Rapid estimation of the protective effect of antibacterial drugs on Fransiella tularensis for not more than 2 days was shown possible in experiments on albino mice infected with tularemia. High efficacy of aminoglycosides (kanamycin, gentamicin, streptomycin, amikacin, netilmicin, tobramycin, sagamycin, ribostamycin and sisomicin), tetracyclines (tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline and methacycline), rifampicin, phosphomycin and oxolinic acid was determined with the recommended rapid method. Amoxycillin, ampicillin, piperacillin, carbenicillin, erythromycin, levomycetin, cefradine, cefmetazole, cefatrizine, cefoxitin, cefsulodin and bactrim (biseptol) proved to be inefficient against the tularemia causative agent.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Disease Models, Animal , Tularemia/drug therapy , Animals , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Mice , Time Factors , Tularemia/mortalityABSTRACT
Sensitivity of 6 F. tularensis strains to 57 antibiotics and synthetic antibacterial drugs was studied. It was shown that the strains were highly sensitive to aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, anzamycins, quinolones, chloramphenicol, nitrofurantoin, nitroxoline, novobiocin and fusidin and resistant to penicillins, cephalosporins, polypeptides, vancomycin and sulfanylamides. The interrace differences in F. tularensis could be detected only by sensitivity to erythromycin, oleandomycin and spiramycin. There was observed no cross resistance to streptomycin and other aminoglycosides in F. tularensis. Assay of F. tularensis sensitivity to antibacterial drugs of various groups with the rapid photometric procedure and the agar diffusion method revealed that the results were highly comparable.
