ABSTRACT
Resumen Introducción: La presencia de bacterias en semen (bacteriospermia) es una condición patológica asociada con infertilidad y con prevalencia de hasta el 35%. Objetivo: Reportar el caso de un paciente con oligoastenozoospermia manejado en la consulta de infertilidad. Caso: Paciente masculino de 33 años de edad con historia de dificultad para la concepción, antecedente de orquiectomía por torsión testicular a los 16 años, infección por Chlamydia trachomatis a los 20 años. Examen físico normal, ecografía doppler testicular con varicocele izquierdo leve. Espermograma con oligoastenozoospermia y espermocultivo en agar sangre positivo para Streptococcus spp y agar chocolate para Streptococcus spp. Se inició manejo con ampicilina Sulbactam durante 14 días y control a los 3 meses con nuevo espermograma con mejoría marcada de la concentración y la movilidad progresiva espermática. Resultado: La pareja logro un embarazo exitoso con bebe vivo en casa. Conclusión: La colonización bacteriana del semen contribuye a alteraciones de la calidad seminal, por lo tanto, determinar la presencia de bacterias en las parejas infértiles podría ser de utilidad para el mejoramiento de los parámetros seminales y lograr un embarazo exitoso.
Abstract The presence of bacteria in semen -bacteriospermia- is a pathological condition associated with infertility, which presents a prevalence of up to 35%. We describe the successful management during infertility consultation of a patient suffering from oligoasthenozoospermia. A 33-year-old male patient with a history of difficulty conceiving, a history of orchiectomy due to testicular torsion at 16 years of age, and Chlamydia trachomatis infection at 20 years of age. The physical examination showed normal results, and testicular Doppler ultrasonography presented mild left varicocele. The semen analysis reported oligoasthenozoospermia, positive semen culture on blood agar for Streptococcus spp, and positive chocolate agar for Streptococcus spp. The treatment started with ampicillin-sulbactam administration for 14 days and a check-up after three months with a new semen analysis which showed an improved concentration and progressive sperm motility. Finally, the couple achieved a successful pregnancy. Bacterial colonization of semen contributes to seminal quality alterations; therefore, determining bacteria's presence in infertile couples could help improve seminal parameters and achieve a successful pregnancy.
ABSTRACT
AIM: To describe the association between partial thrombosis of the corpus cavernosum, partial priapism, and hard flaccid syndrome. METHODS: A scoping review was performed according to the recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute. Moreover, we performed a search strategy using the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL databases. We included the available information, evaluating the conditions of partial thrombosis of the corpus cavernosum, partial priapism, and hard flaccid syndrome, and their molecular and physiological mechanisms and clinical presentation. RESULTS: We identified 207 articles and chose eight studies published between 2001 and 2021. The total number of patients was 34, and their mean age was 28.2 years. Moreover, in 84% of the studies, the pathophysiology of the events was related to microtrauma or prolonged perineal compression. Additionally, 94.2% of the patients had some degree of erectile dysfunction. In addition, out of all patients, 94% underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, patients with hard flaccid syndrome did not show relevant findings in these studies. Conversely, MRI showed asymmetry in the proximal corpora cavernosa, thrombosed corpus cavernosum segments, and mainly cavernous fibrous septum in patients with partial cavernous thrombosis and partial priapism. CONCLUSION: Partial thrombosis of the corpus cavernosum, partial priapism, and hard flaccid syndrome occurred more frequently in young patients, possibly related to microtraumas that generate cavernous fibrosis and trigger alterations in the erection of the distal portion of the penis. Additionally, they cause proximal hardening of the pelvis, perineal pain, painful ejaculations, and cavernous asymmetry. Moreover, the imaging characteristics are similar in patients with partial priapism and partial cavernous thrombosis.
Subject(s)
Priapism , Thrombosis , Adult , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/adverse effects , Male , Pelvic Pain/complications , Penis , Priapism/etiology , Thrombosis/complicationsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of an adjustable sling compared with an artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) in patients with severe urinary incontinence (SUI) postprostatectomy (PP). METHODS: This review was carried out following the Cochrane Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) declaration. We searched Medline, Embase, LILACS, and CENTRAL databases. Studies with patients older than 18 years of age with SUI PP who underwent sling or AUS intervention and had been monitored for longer than 12 months were included. RESULTS: Seven studies were included, yielding a sample size of 420. Pads were reportedly dry or improved in 70% of the sling group compared with 74% in the AUS group. The Incontinence Impact Questionnaire, Short Form (IIQ-7) was the most frequently used scale and showed improvement, with a score of 82.8% in the AUS group compared with 86.1% in the sling group. When comparing interventions with nonintervention, relative risks (RRs) of 35.37 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.17-174.35) and 45.14 (95% CI: 11.09-183.70) were found for the adjustable sling and AUS, respectively, which were statistically significant. No significant differences were found when AUS versus adjustable sling were compared, with an RR of 0.78 (95% CI: 0.09-6.56). We found a low risk of bias in most studies. CONCLUSIONS: Both interventions can reduce incontinence and improve the quality of life of patients with SUI PP. The published literature is substantially limited as no randomized clinical trials are available, no consensus has been reached regarding the definition of severity of incontinence, and considerable heterogeneity exists across the outcome variables measured.
ABSTRACT
Lymphedema of the penis and scrotum is a rare entity characterized by enlargement of the skin and subcutaneous tissue of the genital region due to lymphatic drainage impairment. This clinical condition is more frequent in tropical countries due to a higher incidence of filariasis, which, in turn, is the main etiology. We describe the case of a 33-year-old man with large lymphedema of the scrotum and penis due to an acute and chronic inflammatory process, foreign body granuloma, and marked hyalinization. Four consecutive surgical interventions were necessary to remove the great part of the affected tissue, which enabled satisfactory results and improved the patient's quality of life.
ABSTRACT
La disfunción eréctil es la incapacidad de lograr o mantener una erección del pene para la penetración vaginal y el desempeño sexual satisfactorio; se la considera el segundo problema más frecuente de disfunción sexual en hombres, después de la eyaculación precoz, con una prevalencia aproximada del 30%. La mayoría de los casos de disfunción eréctil tienen origen orgánico, principalmente por enfermedades vasculares, pero también está asociada a factores psicológicos, neurológicos u hormonales, o a alteraciones estructurales. La terapia farmacológica con inhibidores de la 5-fosfodiesterasa ha tenido eficacia clínica, pero hay pacientes que no responden a ella. Por tal razón se recurrió a las ondas de choque de baja intensidad que mejoran la vascularización y el flujo sanguíneo del pene con lo que se logran erecciones que permiten mejorar la calidad de la vida sexual. En esta revisión se incluyen diferentes estudios que demuestran la efectividad de este tratamiento.
Erectile dysfunction is the inability to achieve or sustain a penile erection for vaginal penetration and satisfactory sexual performance. It is the second most frequent problem of sexual dysfunction in men, after premature ejaculation, with an approximate prevalence rate of 30%. Most cases of erectile dysfunction have an organic origin, mostly vascular diseases, but it is also associated with psychological, neurological, and hormonal factors, or with structural alterations of the penis. Therapy with 5-phosphodiesterase inhibitors has been clinically effective, but some patients do not respond to it. Lowintensity shock waves may improve penile vascularity and blood flow, leading to better erections, and improvement of the quality of sexual performance. In this review several studies are included that show the effectiveness of this treatment for erectile dysfunction.
A disfunção eréctil é a incapacidade de conseguir ou manter uma ereção do pénis para a penetração vaginal e o desempenho sexual satisfatório; se a considera o segundo problema mais frequente de disfunção sexual em homens, depois da ejaculação precoce, com uma prevalência aproximada de 30%. A maioria dos casos de disfunção eréctil têm origem orgânica, principalmente por doenças vasculares, mas também está associada a fatores psicológicos, neurológicos ou hormonais, ou a alterações estruturais. A terapia farmacológica com inibidores da 5-fosfodiesterasa teve eficácia clínica, mas há pacientes que não respondem a ela. Por tal razão se recorreu às ondas de choque de baixa intensidade que melhoram a vascularização e o fluxo sanguíneo do pénis com o que se conseguem ereções que permitem melhorar a qualidade da vida sexual. Nesta revisão se incluem diferentes estudos que demonstram a efetividade deste tratamento.
