Clinical perspective in relation to age in patients treated with thrombectomy for anterior circulation stroke in a stroke center in Colombia.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Endovascular treatment for cerebrovascular disease is accepted as a first-line option with level I evidence in patients with an early and late time of window of onset symptoms, and an additional option in patients who do not respond or with contraindications to systemic thrombolysis; nevertheless the efficacy and outcomes of some groups were not clear, one of them are patients aged 80 years and older, because they were excluded of the trials, so the evidence is controversial with significant heterogeneity, for that reason in our study, we decided to analyze the age in the patients treated in our stroke center, as a predictor of prognosis, and to provide a baseline for the establishment of personalized treatment plans. METHODS: Observational, retrospective study of patients that received endovascular treatment for cerebrovascular disease in a Colombian stroke center between 2016 and 2020, continuous and categorical variables were compared using the Student's t test and Chi-Square. To determine cut-off points in the variable against death and Rankin score variable on 90th day. RESULTS: In total, 108 patients were recruited, 35 of them were of 80 or more years, and the mean age was 72.7 years, we found age as a significant variable to predict the risk in the population over 80 years of age [RR 3.37 CI (95% 1.14-103) p = 0.029]. CONCLUSIONS: Age younger than 80 is a significant predictor for results and long-term outcomes in patients suffering from stroke, and in patients older than 80 years old a Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction score 2b-3 is a predictor of good outcomes. Further studies are needed to evaluate the relationship between intrahospital complications and long-term outcomes.

Principales causas de consulta de urgencias oftalmológicas en un instituto de atención terciaria en Colombia / Primary causes of emergency ophthalmological consultations at a tertiary care institution in Colombia / Principais causas de atendimento oftalmológico emergencial em uma instituição de atenção terciária na Colômbia

Introducción. Diversas condiciones oftalmológicas son causas de consultas a los servicios de urgencias. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar las causas más comunes de consulta al servicio de urgencias oftalmológicas de una institución terciaria en Colombia y, así, poder explorar en el futuro la posibilidad de identificar algunas medidas preventivas dirigidas a disminuir la frecuencia de esas causas. Metodología. Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo basado en los registros de pacientes que asistieron al servicio de urgencias durante los años 2014 y 2015. Las patologías se identificaron a partir de los códigos de la Clasificación Internacional de Enfermedades, CIE-10. Resultados. Se identificaron 9,088 y 8,162 registros para los años 2014 y 2015, respectivamente. Las causas de consulta a urgencias oftalmológicas más frecuentes para el año 2014 fueron: cuerpo extraño en la córnea o en la conjuntiva con un 20.2 % de los casos, conjuntivitis aguda no especificada con 11.3 %, traumatismo de la conjuntiva y abrasión corneal con 8.3 %, hemorragia conjuntival con 5.8 % y quemaduras corneales con 4.7 %. En el año 2015, las causas fueron: cuerpo extraño en la córnea o en la conjuntiva (23.6 %), traumatismo de la conjuntiva y abrasión corneal (9.0 %), conjuntivitis aguda no especificada (8.9 %), hemorragia conjuntival (4.4 %) y quemaduras corneales (4.0 %). Discusión. Las causas más frecuentes de consulta a urgencias oftalmológicas incluyeron los traumas y las infecciones del segmento anterior del ojo. Conclusiones. Existe la posibilidad de identificar algunas medidas preventivas (elementos de protección adecuados, protocolos de conducta en situaciones de riesgo, etc.) que ayuden a disminuir la frecuencia de traumas oculares y minimicen el riesgo de infecciones. Hay, entonces, cabida para más estudios en los que se analicen los mecanismos específicos de estas lesiones. Cómo citar. Galvis V, Díaz AL, Ochoa ME, Rey JJ, Ardila LC, Olivero LP, Tello A. Principales causas de consulta de urgencias oftalmológicas en un instituto de atención terciaria en Colombia. MedUNAB 2019;22(2):153-161. doi:10.29375/01237047.3489

Introduction. Several ophthalmological conditions are causes of consultations to the emergency services. The objective of this study was to determine the most common causes of consultation to the ophthalmological emergency service of a tertiary institution in Colombia and thus be able to explore in the future the possibility of identifying some preventive measures aimed at reducing the frequency of these causes. Methodology. Retrospective descriptive study based on the records of patients attending the emergency department during 2014 and 2015, identifying the diseases based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) codes. Results. 9,088 and 8,162 records were identified for 2014 and 2015, respectively. The most frequent causes of ophthalmologic urgency consultation for the year 2014 were: corneal or conjunctive foreign body with 20.2 %, acute conjunctivitis not specified 11.3 %, conjunctival trauma and corneal abrasion 8.3 %, conjunctival haemorrh age 5.8 % and corneal burns 4.7 %. In 2015 the causes were: foreign body in the cornea or conjunctiva (23.6 %), conjunctival trauma and corneal abrasion (9.0 %), acute unspecified conjunctivitis (8.9 %), conjunctival hemorrhage (4.4 %), and corneal burns (4.0 %). Discussion. The most frequent causes of consultation with ophthalmologic emergencies included trauma and infections of the anterior segment of the eye. Conclusions. There is a possibility of identifying some preventive measures (adequate protection elements, behavior protocols in situations of risk, etc.) that help to reduce the frequency of eye traumas and minimize the risk of infections. There is room for more studies in which the specific mechanisms of these injuries are analyzed. Cómo citar: Galvis V, Díaz AL, Ochoa ME, Rey JJ, Ardila LC, Olivero LP, Tello A. Principales causas de consulta de urgencias oftalmológicas en un instituto de atención terciaria en Colombia. MedUNAB 2019;22(2):153-161. doi:10.29375/01237047.3489

Introdução. Várias condições oftalmológicas são causas de atendimento nos serviços de emergência. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar as causas mais comuns de atendimento oftalmológico emergencial em uma instituição terciária na Colômbia e, assim, poder explorar no futuro a possibilidade de identificar algumas medidas preventivas para reduzir a frequência dessas causas. Métodos. Estudo descritivo retrospectivo baseado nos registros de pacientes que compareceram ao serviço de emergência oftalmológica durante os anos 2014 e 2015. As patologias foram identificadas a partir dos códigos da Classificação Internacional de Doenças, CID-10. Resultados. Foram identificados 9,088 e 8,162 registros para os anos 2014 e 2015, respectivamente. As causas de atendimento oftalmológico emergencial mais frequentes em 2014 foram: corpo estranho na córnea ou na conjuntiva com 20,2 % dos casos, conjuntivite aguda não especificada com 11,3 %, trauma conjuntival e abrasão corneana com 8,3 %, hemorragia conjuntival com 5,8 % e queimaduras corneanas com 4,7 %. No ano 2015, as causas foram: corpo estranho na córnea ou na conjuntiva (23,6 %), trauma conjuntival e abrasão corneana (9,0 %), conjuntivite aguda não especificada (8,9 %), hemorragia conjuntival (4,4 %) e queimaduras corneanas (4,0 %). Discussão. As causas mais frequentes de atendimento oftalmológico emergencial incluíram traumas e infecções do segmento anterior do olho. Conclusões. Existe a possibilidade de identificar algumas medidas preventivas (elementos de proteção adequados, protocolos de conduta em situações de risco, etc.) que ajudem na redução da frequência de trauma ocular e para minimizar o risco de infecções. Há, então, espaço para mais estudos que analisem os mecanismos específicos dessas lesões Cómo citar. Galvis V, Díaz AL, Ochoa ME, Rey JJ, Ardila LC, Olivero LP, Tello A. Principales causas de consulta de urgencias oftalmológicas en un instituto de atención terciaria en Colombia. MedUNAB 2019;22(2):153-161. doi:10.29375/01237047.3489

Corneal Cross-Linking (with a Partial Deepithelization) in Keratoconus with Five Years of Follow-Up.

We performed a retrospective interventional case series including 80 eyes of 48 patients with keratoconus (KC) who were treated with modified corneal cross-linking (CXL) for KC (with a partial deepithelization in a pattern of stripes). The average follow-up was 5.8 years (with a minimum of 5 years). At the last follow-up visit, compared with preoperative values, there were no significant changes in spherical equivalent, average keratometry, corneal thickness, corneal hysteresis, or corneal resistance factor. The distance-corrected visual acuity was 20/39 preoperatively and 20/36 postoperatively (P = 0.3). The endothelial cell count decreased by 4.7% (P < 0.005). These findings suggest that this modified corneal CXL technique is a safe and effective alternative to halt the progression of KC up to five years after the procedure. However, some concerns remain as to whether this technique can affect in some degree the corneal endothelial cells.