Subject(s)
Antimutagenic Agents/pharmacology , Porphyrins/pharmacology , Proteins/metabolism , Animals , Antimutagenic Agents/chemistry , Bacteria/drug effects , Bacteria/genetics , Eukaryotic Cells/drug effects , Eukaryotic Cells/metabolism , Free Radical Scavengers , Metals/metabolism , Metals/pharmacology , Porphyrins/chemistry , Proteins/chemistry , Proteins/pharmacology , Structure-Activity RelationshipABSTRACT
Dietary natural inhibitors of mutagenesis and carcinogenesis are of particular importance because they may be useful for human cancer prevention and do not have undesirable xenobiotic effects on living organisms. As was shown in numerous experiments, many endogenous substances, usually obtained in food or synthesized by cells, possess some inhibitory activity towards natural or man-made environmental mutagens which often induce increased frequency of cancer. Among such substances are vitamins, thiol compounds, porphyrin derivatives, polyphenols and others, the antigenotoxicity of which is well established in various genetic tests. Probably a number of these compounds are included in the defense systems of organisms protecting them from harmful exogenous influences continuously affecting genetic material and other components of cells. Some vitamins show protective effects; for example, E, A and C vitamins are active against well-known mutagens both in vitro and in vivo. Genetic properties of other vitamins have been insufficiently explored, but positive results were obtained for a number of them suggesting the desirability of further studies in this field. Synergism of some vitamins activity, both with other vitamins and non-vitamin substances, is of particular interest because clarifying some of their mechanisms of action could be important for understanding the functions of our defense systems.
Subject(s)
Antimutagenic Agents/pharmacology , Vitamins/metabolism , Vitamins/pharmacology , Anticarcinogenic Agents/pharmacology , Antimutagenic Agents/metabolism , Ascorbic Acid/metabolism , Ascorbic Acid/pharmacology , Environmental Pollution/adverse effects , Humans , Molecular Structure , Mutagenesis , Mutagens/metabolism , Vitamin A/metabolism , Vitamin A/pharmacology , Vitamin E/metabolism , Vitamin E/pharmacologySubject(s)
Allyl Compounds/pharmacology , Antimutagenic Agents/pharmacology , Free Radical Scavengers/pharmacology , Picrates , Polymers/pharmacology , Allyl Compounds/chemistry , Bepridil/analogs & derivatives , Bepridil/toxicity , Biphenyl Compounds , Free Radicals , Hordeum/cytology , Hordeum/drug effects , Mutagens/toxicityABSTRACT
Antimutagenic activity of triple copolymers of diallyl origin was investigated by animal cell test (mouse bone marrow erythrocytes, 1.5 Gy of gamma irradiation) and by plant cell test (seeds of barley, 5 Gy of gamma irradiation). Effective protection of genetic structure was achieved owing to combination of moderate antimutagenic activity of the polymer matrix and scavenging ability of sterically hindered phenols in the polymer side chain.
