Resistance, bioaccumulation and solid phase extraction of uranium (VI) by Bacillus vallismortis and its UV-vis spectrophotometric determination.

Bioaccumulation, resistance and preconcentration of uranium(VI) by thermotolerant Bacillus vallismortis were investigated in details. The minimum inhibition concentration of (MIC) value of U(VI) was found as 85 mg/L and 15 mg/L in liquid and solid medium, respectively. Furthermore, the effect of various U(VI) concentrations on the growth of bacteria and bioaccumulation on B. vallismortis was examined in the liquid culture media. The growth was not significantly affected in the presence of 1.0, 2.5 and 5.0 mg/L U(VI) up to 72 h. The highest bioaccumulation value at 1 mg/L U(VI) concentration was detected at the 72nd hour (10 mg/g metal/dry bacteria), while the maximum bioaccumulation value at 5 mg/L U(VI) concentration was determined at the 48th hour (50 mg metal/dry bacteria). In addition to these, various concentration of U(VI) on α-amylase production was studied. The α-amylase activities at 0, 1, 2.5 and 5 mg/L U(VI) were found as 3313.2, 3845.2, 3687.1 and 3060.8 U/mg, respectively at 48th. Besides, uranium (VI) ions were preconcentrated with immobilized B. vallismortis onto multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) and were determined by UV-vis spectrophotometry. The surface macro structure and functionalities of B. vallismortis immobilized onto multiwalled carbon nanotube with and without U(VI) were examined by FT-IR and SEM. The optimum pH and flow rate for the biosorption of U(VI) were 4.0-5.0 and 1.0 mL/min, respectively. The quantitative elution occurred with 5.0 mL of 1 mol/L HCl. The loading capacity of immobilized B. vallismortis was determined as 23.6 mg/g. The certified reference sample was employed for the validation of developed solid phase extraction method. The new validated method was applied to the determination of U(VI) in water samples from Van Lake-Turkey.

Does thromboprophylaxis cause bleeding after laparoscopic cholecystectomy?

OBJECTIVES: This study reports the results of a single center experience on the use of pharmacological venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis in laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients. BACKGROUND: The prevention of VTE is of crucial importance in surgical practice. However, the severity of thromboembolism risk and the necessity of thromboprophylaxis for laparoscopic cholecystectomy is still being debated. METHODS: The data of the patients, who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy for symptomatic cholelitiasis in a single center between the years 2005 and 2015 were analysed retrospectively for incidents of symptomatic VTE and bleeding complications. Fisher Exact Test was used to compare the outcomes of the patients who did and did not receive thromboprophylaxis. RESULTS: Of the 1485 patients who were included in the study, 307 (20.67 %) having a low VTE risk, did not receive any thromboprophylaxis; while 1178 (79.33 %) with a medium, high or a very high risk received VTE prophylaxis. A bleeding complication occurred in 14 (1.18 %) patients receiving prophylaxis and in 2 (0.65 %) patients not receiving prophylaxis (p = 0.548). No patients in this study experienced clinically symptomatic VTE. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study indicate that the selective use of thromboprophylaxis does not significantly increase the risk of bleeding after laparoscopic cholecystectomy and probably decreases the incidence of symptomatic thrombotic complications (Ref. 18) Keywords: laparoscopic cholecystectomy, bleeding, venous thromboemboly, prophylaxis, low molecular weight heparin.

Tolerance and bioaccumulation of U(VI) by Bacillus mojavensis and its solid phase preconcentration by Bacillus mojavensis immobilized multiwalled carbon nanotube.

In this study, uranium(VI) tolerance and bioaccumulation were investigated by using thermo -tolerant Bacillus mojavensis. The level of U(VI) was measured by UV-VIS spectrophotometry. The minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) value of U(VI) was experimented. Bacterial growth was not affected in the presence of 1.0 and 2.5 mg/L U(VI) at 36 h and the growth was partially affected in the presence of 5 mg/L U(VI) at 24 h. What was obtained from this study is that there was diversity in the various periods of the growth phases of metal bioaccumulation capacity, which was shown by B. mojavensis. The maximum bioaccumulation capacities were found to be 12.8, 22.7, and 48.2 mg/g dried bacteria, at 24th hours at concentration of 1.0, 2.5 and 5 mg/L U(VI), respectively. In addition to these, U(VI) has been preconcentrated on B. mojavensis immobilized MWCNT. Several factors such as pH, flow rate of solution, amount of biosorbent and support materials, eluent type, concentration and volume, the matrix interference effect on retention have been studied, and extraction conditions were optimized. Preconcentration factor was achieved as 60. Under the optimized conditions, the limit of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were calculated as 0.74 and 2.47 µg/L. The biosorption capacity of immobilized B. mojavensis was calculated for U(VI) as 25.8 mg/g. The results demonstrated that the immobilized biosorbent column could be reused at least 30 cycles of biosorption and desorption with the higher than 95% recovery. FT-IR and SEM analysis were performed to understand the surface properties of B. mojavensis.