ABSTRACT
Van fish is a fish that can live in soda water at pH 9-10. Van fishing area is a very important source of protein for the people. The variations in tissue metal levels according to gender and weight in Van fish (Alburnus tarichi, Güldenstadt 1814) were studied. This study was conducted for the first time in Van fish. Which it is very important for living organisms Calcium(Ca), magnesium(Mg), sodium(Na), potassium(K), cobalt(Co), chromium(Cr) and lithium(Li) elements levels in the muscle, liver, gill, gonad, and brain tissues of Van fish were investigated by using inductively-coupled plasma-optic emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The results were evaluated in two groups as macro-elements(Ca, Mg, Na, K) and trace-elements(Co, Cr, Li). Cobalt concentration in brain tissue was found to be higher than those in other tissues. Also, male fish had higher metal concentrations than female fish and their metal levels in brain and gonad tissues varied with their weight (P<0.05). This study shows that consumption of Van fish can be consumed to supply some necessary minerals required for a healthy nutrition.(AU)
Peixes van são a única espécie de peixe vivendo em pH 9-10 no mundo. A área de pescaria Van é uma fonte importante de proteína para a população. As variações de niveis de metal nos tecidos de acordo com sexo e peso do peixe Van (Alburnus tarichi, Güldenstadt 1814) foram estudadas. Esse é o primeiro estudo conduzido com peixes Van. São importantes para organismos vivos o Calcio (Ca), magnésio (Mg), sódio (Na), potássio (K), cobalto (Co), cromio (Cr), e lítio (Li) e foi investigado o nível desses elementos no músculo, fígado, brânquia, gônada, e tecido cerebral dos peixes Van utilizando espectrometria de emissão atômica por plasma acoplado indutivamente (ICP-OES). Os resultados foram avaliados em dois grupos como macro-elementos (Ca, Mg, Na, K) e traços (Co, Cr, Li). Concentração de cobalto em tecido cerebral foi mais alto que em outros tecidos. Peixes machos tinham concentração mais alta de metais que fêmeas e os níveis de metal no cérebro e gônadas variava com seu peso (P<0.05). Esse estudo mostra que o consumo de peixe Van pode suplementar alguns minerais necessários para uma nutrição saudável.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Spectrum Analysis , Tissues/anatomy & histology , Fishes/anatomy & histologyABSTRACT
Chalcalburnus tarichi is an endemic cyprinid species living in the Lake Van basin, in eastern Anatolia, Turkey. The present study was undertaken to determine which hormones induce oocyte maturation in C. tarichi. The levels of 17alpha,20beta,21-trihydroxyprogesterone (20beta-S), progesterone (P), 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone (17alpha-HOP), 11-deoxycortisol (11-DOC), and 17alpha-hydroxy-20beta-dihydroprogesterone (17,20beta-P) were measured in fish caught from Lake Van and the Karasu River, and injected with human chorionic hormone (hCG) (1,000 and 1,500 IU/kg). Oocytes of fish caught from the lake were also incubated in vitro with different doses (50, 200, and 1,000 ng/ml) of 20beta-S, 17alpha-HOP, 11-DOC, and 17,20beta-P. 11-DOC was found to be the most effective hormone among those measured for inducing oocyte maturation in vivo and in vitro. 17,20beta-P could not be determined in the plasma of any fish in vivo (P < 0.05). 1,000 IU/kg dose of hCG given by injection caused a statistically significant increase in all plasma hormone levels (P < 0.05). It was found that there was a significant decrease in the P level only at 1,500 IU/kg dose of hCG injected (P < 0.05), while the level of other hormones increased at this dose (P < 0.05). It was also determined that all the hormones were effective in germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) in in vitro oocyte culture (P < 0.05). However, 11-DOC was found to be the most effective hormone in GVBD at a dose of 200 ng/ml (70% GVBD). In conclusion, 11-DOC synthesized during final oocyte maturation in C. tarichi was found to be a potent inducer of GVBD, which shows that 11-DOC may be described as an oocyte maturation steroid in this species.
