ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Asenapine is an atypical antipsychotic that is currently available for the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar I disorder. Although the atypical antipsychotics clozapine and olanzapine are effective for depression and anxiety in schizophrenia, as demonstrated by animal model studies, this has not been clarified for asenapine. Therefore, we compared the effects of asenapine in the conditioned fear stress model with those of clozapine and olanzapine. METHOD: Rats were individually fear conditioned using electrical foot shock in a Skinner box. Approximately 24 h later, individual animals were returned to the same Skinner box (without electrical shock) and their freezing behaviour was observed for 5 min. Animals were treated with asenapine, clozapine, olanzapine, the 5-HT1A receptor partial agonist buspirone, or the 5-HT2C receptor antagonist SB242084 at 30 min before freezing behaviour assessment. The 5-HT1A receptor antagonist WAY100635 or the 5-HT2C receptor agonist Ro60-0175 was also used concomitantly with asenapine. The effects of asenapine, clozapine, and olanzapine on serotonin release in the rat hippocampus were also measured using in vivo microdialysis. RESULTS: Asenapine reduced freezing behaviour, while neither clozapine nor olanzapine reduced freezing behaviour. Buspirone and SB242084 also reduced freezing behaviour. The effect of asenapine in reducing freezing behaviour was not altered by the concomitant administration of WAY100635 or Ro60-0175. Both asenapine and clozapine, but not olanzapine, increased serotonin release in the rat hippocampus. CONCLUSION: Asenapine may have superior therapeutic effect on anxiety symptoms than other agents, although the underlying mechanism of its anxiolytic activity remains unknown.
Subject(s)
Anti-Anxiety Agents/administration & dosage , Antipsychotic Agents/administration & dosage , Anxiety/drug therapy , Fear , Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings/administration & dosage , Stress, Psychological/complications , Aminopyridines/administration & dosage , Animals , Anxiety/etiology , Benzodiazepines/administration & dosage , Buspirone/administration & dosage , Clozapine/administration & dosage , Conditioning, Classical , Dibenzocycloheptenes , Disease Models, Animal , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Electroshock , Hippocampus/drug effects , Hippocampus/metabolism , Indoles/administration & dosage , Male , Olanzapine , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Serotonin/metabolism , Serotonin Antagonists/administration & dosage , Serotonin Receptor Agonists/administration & dosageABSTRACT
An 80-year-old female with non-resectable pulmonary adenocarcinoma was treated with five courses of chemotherapy consisting of gemcitabine (GEM) 1,000 mg/m2 plus vinorelbine (VNR) 25 mg/m2 (days 1 and 8, every 4 weeks). A partial response (PR) was achieved, and her complaints abated and quality of life (QOL) improved. Although gastro-intestinal symptoms and bone marrow suppression were observed as side effects, they were within a tolerable range and did not interfere with the therapy. Anti-cancer chemotherapy for non-resectable lung cancer might be worth consideration even for elderly patients more than 80 years of age.
