ABSTRACT
Context: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a strong predictor of poor quality of life in men with type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Several studies evaluating ED in men with diabetes mellitus have been carried out, but few of these have been done in Nigeria. In Enugu, South East Nigeria, paucity of studies on this subject was observed. Aims: This study aims to determine the prevalence and predictors of ED in men with T2DM attending the diabetes clinics. Settings and Design: A descriptive cross-sectional study of men with T2DM in UNTH and Saint Mary's Hospital, Enugu, was carried out. The systematic sampling method was used to recruit participants. Subjects and Methods: Data collection from participants and their hospital records was done using semi-structured questionnaire. ED was assessed using the 5 items, international index of erectile function questionnaire. Statistical Analysis Used: Data analysis was done using SPSS version 20 and results presented as texts and tables. P value was set at <0.05. Results: A total of 325 participants with mean age of 57.8 ± 13.2 years were involved out of which 94.7% had ED. The proportion of participants with ED had increased with its severity. Predictors of ED included poor glycemic control, longer duration of diabetes, overweight/obesity, and older age. Poor ED health-seeking behavior and treatment were noted. Conclusions: The prevalence of ED is high. Lifestyle interventions targeted at improving glycemic control and weight loss may reduce the burden of this complication. We recommend objective ED screening using standard but brief instruments as part of routine evaluation of men with T2DM.
RésuméContexte: La dysfonction érectile (DE) est un puissant facteur prédictif de la qualité de vie médiocre chez les hommes atteints de diabète de type 2 (DT2). Plusieurs études L'évaluation de la dysfonction érectile chez les hommes atteints de diabète sucré a été réalisée, mais peu d'entre elles ont été réalisées au Nigéria. Enugu, sud-est du Nigeria, le manque d'études sur ce sujet a été observé. Objectifs: Cette étude vise à déterminer la prévalence et les prédicteurs de la dysfonction érectile chez les hommes atteints de DT2. assister aux cliniques de diabète. Paramètres et conception: Une étude transversale descriptive des hommes atteints de DT2 à l'UNTH et à l'Hôpital Saint Mary's, Enugu, a été réalisée. La méthode d'échantillonnage systématique a été utilisée pour recruter des participants. Sujets et méthodes: Collecte de données à partir de les participants et leurs dossiers d'hôpital ont été réalisés à l'aide d'un questionnaire semi-structuré. La DE a été évaluée en utilisant les 5 items, index international questionnaire sur la fonction érectile. Analyse statistique utilisée: L'analyse des données a été réalisée à l'aide de SPSS version 20 et les résultats présentés sous forme de texte et les tables. La valeur de p a été fixée à <0,05. Résultats: Au total, 325 participants âgés de 57,8 ± 13,2 ans ont été impliqués, dont 94,7% avaient ED. La proportion de participants atteints de dysfonction érectile avait augmenté avec sa gravité. Les prédicteurs de la dysfonction érectile comprenaient un contrôle glycémique médiocre, une durée plus longue du diabète, du surpoids / obésité et du troisième âge. Des comportements médiocres en matière de recherche de soins de santé et de traitement ont été notés. Conclusions: La prévalence de ED est élevé. Les interventions axées sur le mode de vie visant à améliorer le contrôle glycémique et la perte de poids peuvent réduire le fardeau de cette complication. nous recommander un dépistage objectif dans l'urgence à l'aide d'instruments standard mais brefs dans le cadre de l'évaluation de routine des hommes atteints de DT2. Mots-clés: Diabète, dysfonction érectile, Nigéria, prévalence, facteurs de risque.
Subject(s)
Blood Glucose/analysis , Diabetes Complications/epidemiology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology , Erectile Dysfunction/epidemiology , Adult , Aged , Body Mass Index , Cross-Sectional Studies , Diabetes Complications/blood , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/psychology , Erectile Dysfunction/blood , Erectile Dysfunction/etiology , Glycated Hemoglobin/metabolism , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Nigeria/epidemiology , Outpatients , Prevalence , Quality of Life , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Waist circumference (WC) is a simple tool for measuring central obesity in routine clinic settings. Gender- and ethnic-specific optimal cutoff points for WC are encouraged for populations lacking such data. OBJECTIVES: To derive WC cutoff values, predictive of overweight and obesity in Nigerians and to evaluate the performance of currently recommended values. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Apparently, healthy urban dwellers from six cities spread across Nigeria were selected for this cross-sectional study. Biophysical profiles such as blood pressure and anthropometric indices were measured according to the World Health Organization's STEPs instrument protocol. Receiver operating characteristics curve analysis was used to determine the optimal cutoff levels using the decision rule of maximum (sensitivity + specificity). The level of significance was set at P< 0.05. RESULTS: A total of 6089 subjects (3234 males and 2855 females) were recruited for the study. WC demonstrated a high area under the curve in both genders. Selected cutoff points ranged from 83 to 96 cm with high sensitivities and specificities. CONCLUSIONS: The currently recommended gender-specific WC cutoff values proved inappropriate in this study group, but WC remains a reliable tool for measuring obesity.
Subject(s)
Obesity, Abdominal/diagnosis , Thinness/diagnosis , Waist Circumference , Adult , Area Under Curve , Black People , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Nigeria , Obesity/diagnosis , Overweight/diagnosis , Reference Values , Sensitivity and Specificity , Urban Population , Young AdultABSTRACT
Metabolic syndrome is a clustering of several cardiovascular risk factors. Contrary to earlier thoughts, metabolic syndrome is no longer rare in Africa. The prevalence is increasing, and it tends to increase with age. This increase in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the continent is thought to be due to departure from traditional African to western lifestyles. In Africa, it is not limited to adults but is also becoming common among the young ones. Obesity and dyslipidemia seem to be the most common occurring components. While obesity appears more common in females, hypertension tends to be more predominant in males. Insulin resistance has remained the key underlying pathophysiology. Though pharmacologic agents are available to treat the different components of the syndrome, prevention is still possible by reverting back to the traditional African way of life.
