Factors affecting utilization of antenatal care services and institutional delivery at Koghum in Jos South, Plateau State, Nigeria

Access to antenatal care services promotes safe motherhood and delivery. This study identified factors influencing the utilization of antenatal care services and health facility-based delivery. A cross sectional survey was conducted. Households were enumerated, and a systematic sampling method was deployed. A sample size of 200 was used. Of the 200 HHs, 198 women were interviewed using pretested semi-structured questionnaires. Data was collected on socio-demographics, attendance at the antenatal clinic (ANC), institutional delivery, and reasons for non-utilisation of ANC services. Data analysis was conducted using Epi Info version 3.5.3. The median age of respondents was 29 years (range: 17 - 55). Overall, 192 (97%) women had at least one ANC visit, 116 (58.6%) had ≥ 4 ANC visits and 93 (47.9%) commenced ANC in the second trimester in the last delivery. One hundred and twenty-five (63.1%) had their last delivery at home by a traditional birth attendant (TBA). The independent risk factors for utilization of ANC were partners' consent (aOR 11.5; 95% CI 1.6-82.3) and knowledge on the importance of ANC (aOR 7.4; 95% CI 1.4-38.6). Pregnant women in a polygamous union were less likely to use to ANC (aOR 0.1; 95% CI 0.0 - 0.4). Being a woman with a lower educational status was associated withassisted home delivery (aOR0.3; 95% CI 0.1-0.7). Most women utilized ANC services at least once. Community sensitization on the benefits of ANC and institutional delivery should be targeted at women in polygamous unions, with low educational level and without partner's consent for ANC

Occurrence of hepatitis C virus infection in type 2 diabetic patients attending Plateau state specialist hospital Jos Nigeria.

BACKGROUND: Glucose intolerance is observed more in patients with HCV infection compared with control subjects with liver disease, Initial studies suggested that Hepatitis C virus infection may be an additional risk factor for the development of diabetes mellitus. This study was therefore carried out to determine the correlation of HCV infection and diabetes. METHODS: Three hundred (300) confirmed type 2 diabetic patients were screened for hepatitis C virus antibodies at the Plateau state specialist hospital, Jos, using Grand diagnostic test strip. Questionnaire comprising of age, sex, family history on diabetes, duration of disease and marital status were issued to subjects. RESULTS: Overall result showed that the prevalence rate of HCV infection was 33(11%). In response to diabetic status, females subjects had a higher prevalence of 178(59.3%) compared to males 122(40.7%). Those aged 47-57 recorded the highest seroprevalence 10(30.3%) to the Hepatitis C Virus, while Patients without family history of diabetes showed a higher seroprevalence of 13(39.4%). Subjects who never had any blood transfusion recorded a prevalence rate of 6(18.2%). Marital status showed no significant difference [(P = 0.275; P.0.05)]. Considering duration of developing diabetes, patients within the range of 1-10 years diabetic status recorded the highest prevalence rate 25(75.8%) compared to other ranges considered. CONCLUSION: This study hence, suggests a relatively strong association between HCV infection and diabetes, this therefore call for an urgent approach strategy in the control and management of this disease of the endocrine system.

Hepatitis C Virus infection in apparentenly healthy individuals with family history of diabetes in Vom, Plateau State Nigeria.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is an important public health problem worldwide. Its association with, and predisposing nature for diabetes mellitus (DM) has been long established. This research was carried out to determine the prevalence of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) amongst people with possible genetic predisposition to diabetes mellitus living in and around Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria. 188 subjects were screened after they filled a structured questionnaire to determine some of their demographic data, social habits and possible risk factors. 5 ml of blood was collected from each subject and sera separated out. Biotech's third generation ELISA Kit for HCV antibodies was used for the screening. Liver enzyme analysis was carried out on positive samples to determine their disease status. A prevalence of 14.36% was recorded with the highest seropositive group being those in the age bracket of 18 - 37 years. 13(13.40%) of males and 14(15.38%) of females were sero-positive. Liver enzyme analysis of sero-positive subjects showed increased levels which may imply early onset of liver damage. These result showed that these individuals could later suffer diabetes which may be triggered by their HCV infection if not treated. This is not over-looking the economic significance of their ill health, assuming they progress to cirrhotic HCV or develop hepatocelluar carcinoma due to HCV chronicity.